again alter it. He must not recede from his previous claim. By doing so he will lose his suit.
57. He must not lodge a false plaint. He is a sinner who proffers a false charge (against any one). Whatever fine is declared in a suit of this sort has to be paid by the claimant.
58. If a man delays his answer under false pretences, or if he stands mute at the trial, or if he revokes his own former statements: these are the signs by which a loser of his cause may be known.
59. One who absconds after having received the summons, or who does not make any defence after having arrived in court, shall be punished by the king, because his cause is lost.
60. If a man being questioned does not uphold having first claimed, as being his due, a sum amounting to 20 Gadyd-
«akas of gold, he says afterwards : This man has to give 50 drammas
(drachmas) to my son, it is called * receding from one's first claim
and proffering another claim.' A. Y^g^avalkya II, 9.
58. Delaying one's answer under false pretences is e.g. if a
man says, * I am unwell just now,' or ' I am unclean just now. I
make no answer.' Likewise, if a man, after having been asked by
the judges, does not speak, or if having made a statement pre-
viously he revokes it ; by such signs as these a man may be known
to have lost his cause. A.
59. He who, after having been summoned by the king, makes
off ; or who, having decamped and having been seized with diffi-
culty by the king's officers, does not make any reply to the ques-
tions put to him, shall be fined by the king, because he loses
his suit. A. Manu VIII, 55, 56; Yd^^avalkya II, 16.
60. If, being questioned by the judges, he does not uphold, i. e.
maintain, a statement previously made by himself. A. The com-
mentators of Manu, in commenting on an analogous passage of
the Code of Manu (VIII, 54), give the following example. A man
has made a certain statement regarding the money in dispute.
The judge asks him afterwards, * Why did you tender or accept the
money at night ? ' The man thereupon does not abide by his own
former statement. (See Jolly, translation of the eighth chapter of
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