226
THE BRITISH EMPIRE : — CANADA
which is also a colonial court of admiralty, with powers as provided in the Imperial "Colonial Courts of Admiralty Act, 1890." There is a Superior Court in each province ; county courts, with limited jurisdiction, in most of the provinces ; all the judges in these courts being appointed by the Governor- General. Police magistrates and justices of the peace are appointed by the Provincial Governments.
In 1897, 8,027 persons were charged with indictable offences ; of these 5,721 were convicted, 4 being sentenced to death, 609 sent to the peniten- tiary, and the rest sentenced to various terms of imprisonment ; and 32,257 were summarily convicted, 27,147 of these with the option of a fine.
Finance.
The financial accounts of the Dominion of Canada are made up under three different headings — namely, first, ' Consolidated Fund,' comprising the general sources of revenue and branches of expenditure ; secondly,
- Loans ' in revenue, and 'Redemption' with 'Premiums and Discounts 'in
expenditure; and thirdly, 'Open accounts.' The headings 'Loans' and ' Redemption ' include the deposits in and withdrawals from the Post Office and Government Savings Banks, the amount on deposit forming part of the floating or unfunded debt ot the country. Under the head of 'Open Accounts ' are included investments, trust funds. Province accounts, and expenditure on capital account on public works.
The revenue and expenditure, Consolidated Fund, for five fiscal years ending June 30, have been : —
Year
Revenue
Expenditure
Dollars
Dollars
1894
36,374,693
37,585,026
1895
33,978,129
38,132,005
1896
36,618,591
36,949,142
1897
37,829,778
38,349,760
1898
40,555,238
38,832,526
The total actual receipts and expenditure, under these three divisions, were as follows in the financial year ending June 30, 1898 : —
Receipts.
Consolidated Fund
Loans .
Open Accounts .
Dollars 40,555,238 10,920,677 88,219,940
139,695,855
Expenditure.
Consolidated Fund Redemption Open Accounts .
Dollars
38,832,526
5,111,970
95,751,359
139,695,855
The actual sources of revenue and branches of expenditure comprised under the division called Consolidated Fund were as follows iu the financial year, ending June 30, 1898 : —
