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ANDREA ANDREW 483 Point, accompanied by one Joshua Smith, at whose house the interview with Arnold had taken place, and prepared to journey on horse- back to New York. Previous to this he had, contrary to the positive instructions of Clin- ton, exchanged his uniform of a British officer for a disguise. He passed the night of the 22d with Smith at a place called Miller's, and early on the succeeding morning was again in the saddle. Near Pine's bridge Smith left him, and he proceeded on his way alone, taking the Tarrytown road through what was then known as the "neutral ground," a region devastated by marauding parties from both armies. Between 11 and 12 o'clock, when within half a mile of Tarrytown, he was chal- lenged by three men, John Paulding, David Williams, and Isaac Van "Wart, to whom he incautiously replied that he belonged to the "lower" or British party. His captors, who were Americans, immediately searched his person and discovered the treasonable papers. Rejecting his offers of pecuniary reward, they conveyed him to the nearest military station at North Castle. He was thence taken to Tap- pan, the headquarters of the American army, and tried as a spy before a board of officers consisting of six major generals and eight brig- adiers, by whom he was found guilty and sen- tenced to death. Every effort was made by Clinton to save him, and every fair opportunity allowed by Washington, but his offence under military law was unpardonable. His request that he might be shot could not under the circumstances be granted, and he was hanged as a spy, in the full uniform of a British officer, and in the presence of a large detachment of troops and an immense concourse of people, whom he bade witness that he died like a brave man. During the brief period of his captivity he endeared himself to all who came in contact with him by his sweetness of dis- position and the charm of his conversation and manners. His fate was lamented not less sin- cerely by American officers than by his own countrymen. Its justice, notwithstanding the exasperation which it originally provoked in England, is now generally conceded. In 1821 Andre's remains were removed to England, and are now interred in Westminster Abbey beneath a costly monument of marble. A MUIK.A, Girolamo d a Roman cardinal, born in Naples, April 12, 1812, died in Rome, May 15, 1868. He was a member of an old patrician family, and was intrusted by Pius IX. with im- portant diplomatic and ecclesiastical functions. For some time he displayed great zeal in behalf of the papal government, and was made car- dinal in 1852. Subsequently he became hostile to the Roman see and showed a leaning toward the party of Italian unity. He was at first treated with forbearance, but in 1865 an investigation was ordered into his conduct, and. he was re- moved from his bishopric of Sabina, and in 1867 ordered to leave Naples, where he was then residing, and present himself at Rome. After some hesitation he obeyed, and was sub- jected to certain ecclesiastical penalties, with- out being permanently deprived of his digni- ties. He did not long survive his disgrace, and died very suddenly. ANDREA PISANO, an Italian sculptor and archi- tect, born in Pisa in 1270, died in Florence in 1 345. He was one of the first to depart from the Gothic style in art. After having been em- ployed at the cathedral of Pisa, in the execution of the bronzes at Perugia, and of some small figures in marble for Santa Maria al Ponte at Pisa, he was invited to assist in completing the facade of the cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore of Florence. He also executed a mar- ble statue of Boniface VIII., and statues of St. Peter and St. Paul, for the same church, which were much admired. After having spent some time at Venice, where he made several small statues for the front of St. Mark's, he returned to Florence, and after the death of Arnolfo di Lapo was placed in charge of all the public works. He executed the bronze relievi for the gates of the baptistery, which gamed for him great fame and the honorary citizen- ship of the republic. The subject is the life of St. John, and the incidents are represented in 22 compartments. He designed the castle of Scarperia, the arsenal of Venice, and the church of San Giovanni at Pistoia. By order of the adventurer called the duke of Athens, who in 1342 made himself by a coup-tfetat master of Florence, he fortified and enlarged the ducal palace, ornamented the city wall with towers and magnificent gates, and designed a small citadel. ANDREA DEL SARTO. See SAETO. ANDREJ2. I. Jakob, a German theologian, born at Waiblingen in Wurtemberg, March 25, 1528, died June 7, 1590. He studied at Stutt- gart and Tubingen, and was ordained a pastor in the former town in 1549. In 1557 he be- came preacher to the court of Duke Christo- pher of Wurtemberg, whom he accompanied to the diets of Ratisbon and Frankfort. In 1562 he was appointed professor of theology and chancellor of the university at Tubingen, and provost of the church of St. George, and from this time took an important part in the movements and discussions of the Protestant church. He was particularly influential in se- curing the adoption of the Formula Concordice as the common profession of faith of the two Protestant parties. II. Johann Valentin, a volu- minous German author, grandson of the preced- ing, born at Herrenberg, Aug. 17, 1586, died in Stuttgart, June 27, 1654. After travelling over Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and France, he filled various ecclesiastical positions, and for some time officiated at the chapel of the duke of Wurtemberg. RisMythologia Christiana and. some of his other Latin works, have been partly translated into German by Herder and Sonntag ; and his Civis Christianus, sive Peregrini quon- dam errantis Bestitutiones (Strasburg, 1619), was translated into French under the title of