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268 CHAPIN CHAPMAN corner of Forty-fifth street. In 1856 Mr. Chapin received the degree of D. D. from Harvard college. Dr. Chapin usually preaches twice every Sunday. One discourse is written out, and the other is generally extempore, as far as form is concerned. He is also a favorite lecturer and brilliant popular orator. Besides several volumes of sermons, he has published " Duties of Young Men," " Duties of Young Women," " Characters in the Gospel," "Com- munion Hours," "Discourses on the Lord's Prayer," "Crown of Thorns," "The Beati- tudes," "Moral Aspects of City Life," "Hu- manity in the City," " True Manliness," and " Discourses on the Book of Proverbs." CHAPIN, Stephen, D. D., an American clergy- man, born in Milford, Mass., Nov. 4, 1778, died in Washington, D. 0., Oct. 1, 1845. He grad- uated at Harvard college in 1804, studied the- ology with Dr. Emmons, and in 1805 became pastor of the Congregational church in Hills- borough, N. H. Disagreeing with his church in reference to what was known as the " Half- way Covenant," his pastoral relation in Hills- borough was severed early in 1809, and he be- came pastor of the Congregational church in Mount Vernon, N. II. The controversy into which he had been drawn in Hillsborough led him to a more particular examination of the whole subject of church membership and church ordinances, the result of which was his adop- tion of the general views held by the Baptist denomination. He accordingly relinquished his charge in Mount Vernon in 1818, and in 1819 became pastor of the Baptist church in North Yarmouth, Me., where he remained till 1822, when he was appointed professor of the- ology in the college at Waterville, Me. In 1828 he became president of Columbian college at Washington, D. C., and continued to preside over it till 1841, when he resigned. CHAPIN, William, an American instructor of the blind, born in Philadelphia in 1802. Much of his earlier life was occupied in literary pur- suits. He was the author and publisher of a gazetteer and map of the United States, and of other works ; and was for six years commissioner of schools in Yates co., N. Y., where he did much to advance the cause of education. In 1840 he was appointed superintendent of the Ohio state institution for the blind, and was successful in improving the system of education there, and in awakening public interest in the institution. Having investigated kindred institutions in various parts of the United States, he visited Europe in 1845, examined nearly all the public charities in England and Paris, and embodied the results of his investigations in a report to the Ohio legislature, " On the Benevolent Institu- tions of Great Britain and Paris." Resigning his post in Ohio in 1846, he removed to New York, and established a female institute and normal school, which he carried on till 1849, when he was appointed principal of the Penn- sylvania institution for the instruction of the blind, in Philadelphia. He prepared the article on the blind in the United States census re- port of 1860. CHAPLET. See BEAD. CHAPLIN, Jeremiah, D. D., an American cler- gyman, born at Rowley, Mass., Jan. 2, 1776, died at Hamilton, N. Y., May 7, 1841. He graduated at the college of Rhode Island, afterward Brown university, in 1799, and was tutor there for about three years. In 1802 he became pastor of the Baptist church in Dnn- vers, Mass., where he remained till 1818, when he was selected to take charge of the literary and theological seminary in Waterville, Me. This institution was changed into a college in 1820, and Dr. Chaplin was elected its first pres- ident. He administered the government of the new college with success for about 12 years, when he became pastor of the Baptist church in his native town. Subsequently he was pas- tor of the Baptist church in Willington, Conn. CHAPMAN, George, an English poet, born at Hitching Hill, Hertfordshire, in 1557, died in London, May 12, 1634. After studying two years in Trinity college, Oxford, where he was distinguished for his knowledge of the classics, he went in 1576 to London, where he enjoyed the friendship of Spenser, Shakespeare, Mar- lowe, and Jonson, and the patronage of King James and Prince Henry. He published a translation of 7 books of the Iliad in 1598 ; of 12 books in 1600; and of the whole poem in 1603. It is in the lofty 14-syllable English verse, and of a vigorous and imaginative char- acter, more according with the spirit than the letter of the original. It has retained its popu- larity both with poets and scholars, though less polished and less accurate than later versions. Pope said that it was "something like what one might imagine Homer himself would have written before he arrived at years of discre- tion ;" Waller could not read it without trans- port; and Keats has expressed his admiration of it in one of the most beautiful of his sonnets. Chapman afterward translated the Odyssey, the Homeric hymns, and portions of Ovid, Terence, Musoeus, and Petrarch. He was also a voluminous writer of plays, only passages of which are now esteemed. He was associated with Jonson, Marston, and others in writing the comedy of "Eastward Ho!" which con- tained severe satirical reflections upon Scotch- men, and was therefore so distasteful to King James that he caused the authors to be for a short time imprisoned. An imitation of Te- rence, entitled "All Fools," was highly applaud- ed by his contemporaries ; and portions of his tragedy of " Bussy d'Ambois " were highly es- teemed by Charles Lamb. A handsome edition of his translation of Homer was published in London in 4 vols. in 1858, and an edition of his complete dramatic works was announced in 1873. CHAPMAN, John Gadsby, an American artist, born in Alexandria, Va., in the early part of this century. Early indicating his taste for design, he was enabled by the liberality of a