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104 HYDASPES HYDERABAD duce pollen; the pistil in this case will be fer- tilized, if at all, by pollen from either parent, and thus a reversion of its progeny to a normal form assured; sometimes the pistils are abor- tive also. It will be seen that while hybrids may be produced among plants in a wild state, and are often produced in cultivation, there is abundant provision against the perpetuation of a race of monsters. Another kind of hybrid in which fertilization plays no part has recent- ly received the attention of vegetable physiol- ogists. There are a number of well authenti- cated cases in which a graft or bud has so in- fluenced the stock in which it was inserted that the stock, even below the point of union, put out branches partaking of the characters of both stock and scion. Some of these graft hybrids, as they are called,, have been propa- gated. An account of this kind of hybrids, as well as a very full resume of the whole subject of hybrids, will be found in Darwin's "Varia- tion of Animals and Plants under Domestica- tion." See also his " Origin of Species," and E. A. Carriere's Production et fixation des varietes dans les vegetaux (Paris, 1865). HYDASPES, a river of ancient India. See JHTLUM, and PCNJAUB. HTDATIDS. See ENTOZOA, vol. vi., p. 666. HYDE. I. An E. county of North Carolina, bordering on Pamlico sound, and bounded W. by Pango river ; area, about 650 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 6,445, of whom 2,378 were colored. It has a level surface, a large part of which is occupied by pine, cypress, and cedar swamps. The products of the pine are the staples of ex- port. The chief productions in 1870 were 21,- 319 bushels of wheat, 163,216 of Indian corn, 11,633 of oats, 235 bales of cotton, and 171,- 548 Ibs. of rice. There were 378 horses, 681 milch cows, 1,484 other cattle, and 3,706 swine. Capital, Swan Quarter. II. A S. E. county of Dakota, recently formed, and not included in the census of 1870 ; area, about 1,000 sq. m. Its S. W. corner touches the Missouri river. HYDE, Edward. See CLARENDON. HYDE, Thomas, an English orientalist, born at Billingsley, Shropshire, June 29, 1636, died in Oxford, Jan. 18, 1703. He studied at Cam- bridge and Oxford, took orders, became libra- rian of the Bodleian library, succeeded Po- cocke in 1091 as Laudian professor of Arabic, nnd soon after was appointed regius professor of Hebrew. In 1678 he was made archdeacon of Gloucester. He understood Hebrew, Syri- ac, Arabic, Persian, Armenian, Malay, and Chinese, and was interpreter of oriental lan- guages to the court during the reigns of Charles II., James II., and William III. The most im- portant of his works is Veterum Persarum et Medorum Beligionis Historia (Oxford, 1700; best ed., 1760). A complete edition of his other writings appeared at Oxford in 1767. HYDE DE NEUVILLE, Jean Ciuillanme, baron, a French politician of Scottish descent, born at La Charite-sur-Loire, Jan. 24, 1776, died in Paris, May 28, 1857. He was one of the most active agents of the Bourbons after the death of Louis XVI., and mingled in nearly all the intrigues for the subversion of the revolutionary governments. After the 18th Brumaire, in an interview with Bonaparte, ho tried to persuade him to restore the Bourbons, lie was charged by Fouche with being an accomplice in the infernal machine plot, but cleared himself from the accusation. He subsequently removed to the United States, settled in the vicinity of New York, became acquainted there with Gen. Moreau, then an exile, and is said to have been instrumental in persuading him to return to Europe. Early in 1814 he returned to France, and was welcomed by the Bourbons, who had just been reinstated on the throne. He was engaged in all the negotiations and transactions which took place during 1814 and 1815, and on the second restoration was elected by his native department a deputy to the chambre in- trouvaMe, where he was an uncompromising advocate of the most reactionary measures. In 1816 he was appointed minister plenipoten- tiary to the United States, and held that office till 1821, when, after being created a baron, lie was recalled to France. Being ambassador at Lisbon in 1824, he cooperated in restoring to power the old king John VI., whom his son Dom Miguel had imprisoned. Thenceforth ho gradually estranged himself from the ultra- royalist party. In 1828 he entered the Mar- tignac cabinet as minister of the navy, made several improvements in the colonial system, enforced measures against the African slave trade, and favored the independence of Greece. On the breaking out of the revolution of 1830, he asserted the claims of the duke of Bordeaux to the throne, in the chamber of deputies, and resigned his seat on Louis Philippe being se- lected. From that period he devoted himself mainly to agriculture. HYDERABAD. I. A native state of the Dec- can, India, called also the Nizam's Dominions, lying between lat. 15 and 21 30' N., and Ion. 74 40' and 81 30' E., bounded N. by Berar, N. E. by the Central Provinces, N. W. and W. by the presidency of Bombay, and S. and S. E. by that of Madras ; area, 95,337 sq. m. ; pop. about 11,000,000. The surface consists chiefly of a high table land 1,800 to 2,000 ft. above the sea, several granite masses rising to an eleva- tion of 2,500 ft. The geological formation of this region is simple. Resting on a base of granite, gneiss, and talc slate are clay, horn- blende, feldspar, limestone, and sandstone ; and in some parts columnar basalt is conspicuous. The principal rivers are the Godavery, flowing through the middle of the country, the Kistnah, which winds along its southern limits, and the Wurda and Paingunga in the north, all flowing in an easterly direction. The minerals com- prise iron (the iron ore in the Nirmal hills being magnetic) and coal, which is found near the junction of the Godavery and Wurda. Near the Godavery are also mines of garnet, and at Parteal near Condapilly are diamond