Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IX.djvu/789

KARLI KAKSC1I 769 KiRLI. See CAELKE. KARLSBAD. See CARLSBAD. KAKI.SBl KG. See CARLSBURG. KARLSK.RONA. See CARLSCRONA. KAKI.SKIIIK. See CARLSRUHK. KARLSTAD. See CARLSTAD. KARLSTADT, a fortified town of Croatia, in the county and 30 m. S. W. of the city of Agram, on the Kulpa, which is here navigable ; pop. in 1870, 5,175. It is the seat of a Greek bishop, and has a castle, a Franciscan mon- astery, a gymnasium, and several Catholic churches. It was built in 1579 by the arch- duke Charles of Austria as a bulwark against the Turks, and has a citadel and an extensive armory. It is an important trading place, sev- eral fine roads and the Agram railway con- necting it with the ports of the Adriatic. KAK.VAK. See THEBES. KARNES, a S. county of Texas, drained by San Antonio and Cibolo rivers, and by several smaller streams ; area, 830 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 1,705, of whom 279 were colored. It has a diversified surface, in most places undu- lating, and thinly timbered. The soil is a fer- tile sandy loam or black mezquite, and is suita- ble for Indian corn, wheat, and potatoes. The chief productions in 1870 were 35,965 bushels of Indian corn, and 24 bales of cotton. There were 8,380 horses, 57,599 cattle, 4,255 sheep, and 3,163 swine. Capital, Helena. KARP11VSKI, Frandszek, a Polish poet, born in the palatinate of Brzesc Litewski about 1760, died at Karpinczyn, in the palatinate of Lublin, in September, 1823. He was conspicuous in the literary circles of the Czartoryskis at Pn- lawy, and wrote various original works, in- cluding the tragedy Judyta, and translations. His fame rests chiefly on his idyls, and on his poetical translation of the Psalms. His " Works" (Dzieta) have been published in War- saw, Breslau, and Leipsic. KARR, Jean Bapttste Alphonse, a French au- thor, born in Paris, Nov. 24, 1808. He studied and taught in the Bourbon college, Paris, af- terward attached himself to the staff of the Figaro, and in 1832 published his first prose work, Sous les tilleuls. This was followed by Une heure trap tard (1833), Fa, Llize (1834), Vendredi soir (1835), Le chemin le plus court (1836), &c., the last two being revelations of his private history. His Voyage autour de man jardin (1845) and La famille Alain (1861) have been translated into English. Among his other works is La peche en eau douce et en eau salee (1860). In 1860 a collection of his com- plete works was commenced. In 1839, while he was editor in chief of the Figaro, he estab- lished a monthly magazine of a satirical char- acter entitled Les (fuepes, the freedom of the literary criticisms in which excited the displea- sure of several of his contemporaries, one of whom, an authoress, in revenge made an at- tempt upon his life in 1844. He has for many years resided in Nice, devoting himself chiefly to horticulture. KARS, a fortified city of Turkish Armenia, seat of a pasha, situated on a rugged plain, 6,000 to 7,000 ft. above the sea, on the Kars, a branch of the Arpatchai, a tributary of the Kara. p b Aras or Araxes, 100 m. N. E. of Erzerum; op. 12,000, mostly Armenians. It is defended y ramparts surrounded by a ditch, and has a strong citadel, and some works on the hills N. of the city. It is a place of transit for goods and produce to and from the interior and east- ward. Formerly it contained 6,000 houses, but now has not over half that number. It was taken by the Russian general Paskevitch in 1828, and occupied for two years. In 1855, having been strongly fortified under the direc- tion of English engineers, it was strenuously defended by Gen. Williams and Ismail Pasha (the former Hungarian general Kmety) against the Russians under Muravieff. An attempt to capture it by assault (Sept. 29) failed after a bloody struggle, but the place finally surren- dered from famine at the end of November. KARSCH (improperly KARSOHIN), Anna Lnlse, a German poetess, born Dec. 1, 1722, died in