Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IX.djvu/821

KENTUCKY 801 is carried on at both of these points ; 24 boats were built in 1873, including 17 steamers at Louisville and 4 at Paducah. Internal im- provements have been well attended to, and several of the large rivers have been rendered navigable for considerable distances above their natural heads of navigation ; the works on the Kentucky and Green are the most important. The completion of the Louisville and Portland canal around the falls of the Ohio at Louisville enables boats 300 ft. long and 80 ft. wide to pass through nearly the whole year. As early as 1841 Kentucky had 28 m. of railway. The mileage had increased to 549 in 1861, 852 in 1869, and 1,123 in 1871. In 1873 the total number of miles of main track in the state was 1,228, and other roads were in process of con- struction and projected. The railways, with their termini and the number of miles in opera- tion in 1873, were: CORPORATIONS. Cincinnati Southern (in progress) Eastern Kentucky Louisville, Paducah, and Southwestern Elizabethtown, Lexington, and Big Sandy Kentucky Central Louisville, Cincinnati, and Lexington Branches i Louisville, Nashville, and Great Southern Memphis division Branches . Marysville and Lexington Mobile and Ohio Nashville, Chattanooga, and St. Louis. Owensboro and Russellville Paducah and Memphis St. Louis and Southeastern Branch TERMINI. Cincinnati and Chattanooga, Tenn Eiverton and Grayson Louisville and Paducah Lexington and mouth of Big Sandy river Covington and Nicholasvilie Louisville and Lexington Lexington Junction to Newport Anchorage to ShelbyvUle Louisville and Nashville, Tenn Memphis Junction to Memphis, Tenn Lebanon Junction to Livingston Richmond Junction to Richmond Bardstown Junction to Bardstown Glasgow Junction to Glasgow Paris and Maysville Columbus and Mobile, Ala Hickman and Chattanooga, Tenn Owensboro to Tennessee state line Paducah and Memphis, Tenn East St. Louis, 111., and Nashville, Tenn Shawneetown, 111., to Madisonville Mil.! In operation In the itAte In 1874. 23 280 34 112 94 61 19 139 46 110 84 II 11 IS 60 108 42 MUn be- tween termini when different from preceding. 20 188 60 fiO 472 821 116 165 816 In 1873 there were 36 national banks in opera- tion, with a paid-in capital of $8,263,700 and an outstanding circulation of $7,021,900. The entire bank circulation of the state was $7,637,- 900, being $5 78 per capita. The ratio of cir- culation to wealth was 1-3, and to the bank cap- ital 84'4. The present constitution of Ken- tucky was adopted in 1850. Every free male citizen 21 years of age, who has resided in the state two years, in the county one year, and in the precinct 60 days next preceding an election, is entitled to vote. The gen- eral election is fixed by law on the first Mon- day in August, and voting is viva voce, ex- cept in the election of representatives to con- gress, when it is by ballot. The legislature consists of a senate of 38 members, and a house of representatives of 100. Senators must be 30 years of age, and are chosen for four years, one half every second year. Rep- resentatives must be 24 years of age, and hold office two years. The sessions of the legisla- ture are biennial, beginning on the first Mon- day of December in every odd year, and last- ing not longer than 60 days unless by vote of two thirds of both houses. Members are paid $5 a day, and 15 cents a mile for travel. The governor is chosen for four years. He must be 35 years of age, a citizen of the United States, and have been resident in the state for six years. He is ineligible to the office for the four years succeeding his term. A majority vote in each house is sufficient to pass a bill over the governor's veto. The lieutenant gov- ernor, auditor, attorney general, register of land office, and superintendent of public in- struction are also elected for four years. The lieutenant governor, with the same qualifica- tions as the governor, is ex officio president of the senate. If a vacancy occurs in the office of governor during the last half of the term, the lieutenant governor, and failing him the speaker of the senate, acts as governor; but if during the first half of the term, then a new election is held. The treasurer is elected by the people every two years. The secretary of state is appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, and holds office during the governor's term. The official salaries are: for the governor $5,000, secretary of state $1,500, auditor $2,500, reg- ister of land office $2,000, treasurer $2,400, and superintendent of public instruction $3,000. The secretary of state, auditor, and register of the land office also have certain fees. The pay of the lieutenant governor is $8 a day du- ring attendance at the legislative session. The judiciary consists of the court of appeals, which has appellate jurisdiction only, circuit and county courts. The state is divided into four appellate judicial districts and 16 circuit court districts. Louisville has separate chan- cery and common pleas courts, and additional courts have been established in several dis- tricts. The court of appeals consists of a chief justice and three judges, a clerk, sergeant, and