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834r KING of power or extent, but is sometimes the result of historical developments. Thus Louis XIV. and Louis Philippe were satisfied with the title of king, while the sovereign successor to the unaltered dominions of the latter, Napoleon III., assumed that worn by the conqueror from whom he derived his historical claims to pow- er. Soulouque of Hayti, who like both Na- poleons paved his way to the throne by a coup d'etat, also chose the title of emperor. In Eu- rope there were 12 kingdoms in 1874: Great Britain and Ireland, Italy, Sweden and Nor- way, Belgium, Portugal, Holland, Denmark, Greece, Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, and Wurtem- berg; the last four, however, being included in the German empire. Besides these there are other kingdoms in Europe which, having in various degrees lost their independence, have maintained their title, adding it to those of the other possessions of their rulers. Thus the emperor of Russia is king of Poland, and the emperor of Austria king of Bohemia, while Hungary forms as a kingdom a constituent half of the latter empire. There are also some titles preserved by houses who have lost the posses- sions to which they were attached. The em- peror of Austria styles himself king of Jerusa- lem, and the king of Sweden also king of the Vandals. The royal dignity in Europe is now everywhere hereditary. Formerly there were elective kings of Poland, Hungary, and other countries; those of Poland were little more than presidents for life of a republic. The successor elect of the German emperors was called king of Rome ; the same title was be- stowed by Napoleon I. on his son. The period of Napoleon was productive of new kingdoms, of which some, as Westphalia and Etruria, were short-lived. KING, a N. W. county of Washington terri- tory, bounded E. by the Cascade mountains, and W. by Admiralty inlet ; area, 1,800 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 2,120. It has numerous harbors. The principal rivers are the White, Snoqualmie, Dwamish, and Green, which are bordered by good agricultural land. Lake Washington is a large body of fresh water, bordered by lands rich in coal, which is mined. The W. part is interspersed with prairies, forests, and lakes. The Snoqualmie pass, 3,700 ft. high, crosses the Cascade range in this county. The falls of Snoqualmie attract many tourists. The chief productions in 1870 were 3,872 bush- els of wheat, 14,135 of oats, 2,817 of barley, 42,981 of potatoes, 34,755 Ibs. of butter, and 1,884 tons of hay. There were 305 horses, 628 milch cows, 947 other cattle, and 891 swine ; 1 brewery, 1 planing mill, 1 flour mill, and 2 saw mills. Capital, Seattle. KING, John Crookshanks, an American sculp- tor, born at Kilwinning, Ayrshire, Scotland, Oct. 11, 1806. He was educated as a practical machinist, emigrated to the United States in 1829, and was employed for several years in Cincinnati and Louisville as superintendent of a factory. In 1834, at the suggestion of Hiram Powers, he made a model in clay of the head of his wife, and the success with which the work was accomplished encouraged him to adopt the profession of a sculptor. From 1837 to 1840 he resided in New Orleans, and mod- elled a number of busts of public men and made cameo likenesses. Subsequently he re- moved to Boston, where he now lives. He has executed several busts of Daniel Webster, also those of John Quincy Adams, Dr. Samuel Woodward, Professor Agassiz, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and other men prominent in public life or literature. Since 1860 he has executed for the city of Boston a bust of Chief Justice Shaw ; but with the exception of a few busts of private individuals, he has mainly been en- gaged on cameos of Webster, Franklin, Grier- son, Audubon, Com. Morris, J. Q. Adams, Horace Greeley, Sumner, Lincoln, Washing- ton, and others, and is now (June, 1874) exe- cuting a cameo of Agassiz. KING, Peter, lord, an English chancellor, born in Exeter in 1669, died at Ockham, Sur- rey, July 22, 1734. His mother was a sister of the philosopher Locke. He studied at Ley- den, was called to the bar, was elected to par- liament in 1699 for Beer-Alston, Devonshire, was appointed in 1709 one of the managers to conduct the impeachment of Sacheverell, and a few years later acted as counsel in defence of Whiston. Soon after the accession of George I. he was made chief justice of the common pleas, and a privy councillor; and in June, 1725, on the removal of the earl of Macclesfield, he became lord chancellor, with the title of Baron King of Ockham. He held office till Novem- ber, 1733, when ill health compelled him to re- sign. More of his decrees are said to have been set aside than of any former chancellor. He wrote "Inquiry into the Constitution, Disci- pline, Unity, and Worship of the Primitive Church" (London, 1691), and "Critical His- tory of the Apostles' Creed" (1702). KING, Philip Parker, a British admiral, born on Norfolk island, Dec. 13, 1793, died at Gran- tham, near Sydney, Australia, in February, 1855. He was the son of a naval officer, and entered the navy in 1807. In 1817 he was in- trusted with the conduct of an expedition to Australia, returning to Europe in 1823, when he published the results of his survey of the inter-tropical and western coasts ; the atlas to this work was issued by the hydrographical office at the admiralty. In 1825 he was ap- pointed to survey the S. coast of America, from the entrance of the Rio de la Plata round to Chiloe, and of Tierra del Fuego, and published in 1832 "Sailing Directions to the Coasts of Eastern and Western Patagonia, including the Straits of Magelhaen and the Sea Coast of Terra del Fnego." Afterward he returned to Australia, where he was elected to the legisla- ture in 1851. Shortly before his death he was appointed rear admiral of the blue, being the first instance of a native of Australasia rising to so high a rank in the navy.