Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume V.djvu/769

DEIIN DE KALB 765 192 English feet; the diameter through the poles 41,707,314 English feet ; so that the dif- ference of the diameters, divided by the longest diameter, gives us almost exactly the quotient of 1 divided by 300 ( 7 fo). These results of Bessel may be compared with those of other astronomers, for which see EAETII. They all agree very nearly with each other and Avith the celestial phenomena that depend upon the ellip- ticity of the earth. It is remarkable that this, the only way of determining the size of the earth, was invented and put in practice by Eratosthenes, in Egypt, in the 3d century B. C. IV. A degree of longitude is the distance between two places of the same latitude, the difference of whose clocks is exactly four min- utes; in other words, the planes of whose merid- ians make an angle of 1 with each other. The length of a degree of longitude is at the equator 69-16 statute miles; at latitude 20 it is about 65-015 miles; at latitude 30 it is reduced to 59-944, at 40 to 53-053, and at 50 to 44'342. DKII.V, Siegfried Wilhelm, a German musician, born in Altona, Feb. 24, 1799, died in Berlin, April 12, 1858. Though Dehn did not pub- lish many works, he was distinguished for his exhaustive knowledge of musical literature and for his attainments as a contrapuntist. He pursued his early studies at Leipsic, Jena, and Heidelberg, and in 1824, having become pro- ficient on the violoncello, studied thorough bass under Klein, and after he became a teacher had many distinguished pupils, among them Glinka, Haupt, Ulrich, and Kullak. In 1842, by the advice of Meyerbeer, he was appointed librarian of the musical department of the roy- al library. In the same year he became edi- tor of the Cacilia, and in 1845 was appointed director of the famous Dom choir. He also edited the Peters edition of Bach's instrumen- tal works, and prepared a biography of Or- lando di Lasso. DEIOCES. See MEDIA. DEJAZET, Pauline Virginie, a French actress, born in Paris, Aug. 30, 1798, died there, Dec. 1, 1875. She began her career at the age of five, in the theatre des Capucines, and con- tinued on the stage in Paris and the provinces till 1868. In March, 1869, the emperor Napo- leon granted her a pension of 2,000 francs. She excelled in the personification of soubrettes and in male attire ; and won perhaps her most brilliant laurels in Les premieres armes de Richelieu and in Bonaparte d Brienne. What added powerfully to the interest which she created was her manner of singing the songs interspersed in the plays. DEJEAN, Pierre Francois Marie Anguste, count, a French general and entomologist, born at Amiens, Aug. 10, 1780, died in 1845. He served in the wars in Spain, became general of division in 1813, and distinguished himself at Waterloo, where he acted as aide-de-camp of the emperor. He was one of the most cele- brated collectors of coleoptera in modern times. He published a catalogue of his collection (3d ed., Paris, 1837-'8), exhibiting the number of species in each genus, and indicating their localities. He is the author of Histoire generale des coleopteres (7 vols., 1825-'39), and wrote, in concert with Boisduval and Aub6, Icono- graphie et histoire naturelle des coleopteres d 1 Europe (5 vols. 8vo, with 264 colored plates, 1829-'40). DE KALB, the name of six counties in the United States. I. A K W. county of Georgia, bounded N. by Chattahoochee river; area, 291 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 10,014, of whom 2,662 were colored. It has an elevated and some- what uneven surface. Stone mountain, in the E. part, is one of the greatest natural curiosi- ties in the state. The soil of the river bottoms is remarkably rich. Iron is found, granite is abundant, and gold has been discovered in small quantities. At Decatur are chalybeate springs. The Atlanta and Richmond air-line and the Georgia railroads traverse it. The chief productions in 1870 were 27,685 bushels of wheat, 156,125 of Indian corn, 14,922 of oats, 10,928 of sweet potatoes, and 1,709 bales of cotton. There were 753 horses, 1,466 milch cows, 2,075 other cattle, 6,702 swine; 2 manu- factories of furniture, 1 of paper, 1 of marble and stone work, and 7 saw mills. Capital, Decatur. II. A N". E. county of Alabama, bordering on Georgia, drained by Willis creek, an affluent of Coosa river, and Town creek, of the Tennessee ; area, about 720 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 7,126, of whom 470 were colored. A small portion has been recently attached to Etowah county. The valley of Willis creek, about 60 m. long by 5 m. broad, enclosed by Lookout mountain on the S. E. and Sand mountain on the N. W., is fertile and well cultivated. The county is well supplied with water power, and abounds with magnificent scenery. The Alabama and Chattanooga rail- road passes through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 36,888 bushels of wheat, 209,994 of Indian corn, 20,488 of sweet potatoes, and 205 bales of cotton. There were 1,363 horses, 2,389 milch cows, 4,681 other cattle, 6,627 sheep, and 13,094 swine. Capital, Lebanon. III. A N". central county of Tennessee ; area, about 300 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 11,425, of whom 1,104 were colored. It is watered by a num- ber of streams, and has a diversified surface and a good soil. The chief productions in 1 870 were 81,412 bushels of wheat, 486,823 of In- dian corn, 32,259 of oats, 124,7891bs. of butter, 20,480 of wool, and 87,076 of tobacco. Thero were 2,737 horses, 2,002 milch cows, 3,347 other cattle, 11,473 sheep, and 20,999 swine, There were 3 flour mills. Capital, Smithville. IV. A N. E. county of Indiana, bordering on Ohio, drained by the St. Joseph's and some' smaller rivers; area, 346 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 17,167. The surface is undulating, and the soil fertile. The Grand Rapids and Indiana railroad touches the S. W. corner, and the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, and the Fort Wayne, Jackson, and Saginaw railroads