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ou 2 TARUDANT TARUDAXT, the chief city of the province of Sus, Morocco, in the valley of the Sus, about 44 m. from the Atlantic coast, and 140 m. S. W. of Morocco ; pop. estimated by Rohlf s at 30,000 to 40,000. It lies near the foot of the S. slope of the Atlas, about 4 m. from the right bank of the river Sus. The country around it is highly cultivated, and it is sur- rounded by gardens and palm groves. The wall, enclosing a large area, much of which is occupied by gardens, is flanked by towers and entered by five gates. The kasba or citadel occupies an angle on the E. side. The streets are crooked, narrow, and impracticable during rains. There are three principal mosques and many smaller ones, two prisons, and several fountains. The dwelling houses are mostly of one story. Tarudant is noted for its leather and dye works, and for manufactures of cop- per, mostly pots and kettles, which are ex- ported as far as Timbuctoo, Kuka, and Kano. It was formerly celebrated for sugar culture, but the plantations no longer exist. The in- bitants are rude and intolerant to Christians. TASCHEREAU, Jnles Antoine, a French author, rn in Tours, Dec. 19, 1801, died in Paris, ov. 11, 1874. He was one of the editors of the National, and for a short time after the revolution of July, 1830, he was secretary gen- eral of the prefect of Paris and a member of the council of state. Subsequently he became one of the editors of Historiettes de Tallemant des Eeaux (6 vols., 1833-'4), and the founder of the Revue retrospective (20 vols., 1833-'7). From 1838 to 1842 he was a member of the chamber of deputies, and in 1848 he was re- turned to the constituent and subsequently to the legislative assembly. Early in 1852 he was placed in charge of the catalogue of the na- tional library, of which he published many volumes (1855 et seq.), and he was director general of the library from 1858 to 1874. He edited the works of Moliere (8 vols., 1823-'4) and Boufflers (2 vols., 1827), and the literary correspondence of Grimm and Diderot (15 vols., 1829-'30), and wrote biographies of Moliere (1825) and Corneille (1829; new ed., 1857). TASCHEREAU, Ebear Alexandra, a Canadian archbishop, born in Quebec in 1818. He stud- ied in the seminary of Quebec, was ordained priest in 1842, and became successively pro- fessor of mental philosophy there, director of studies, and superior. In 1856 he received in Rome the degree of doctor in canon law, and was appointed to teach that science in the Laval university. In 1870 he governed the diocese of Quebec as administrator, after the death of Archbishop Baillargeou, and he was consecrated as his successor, March 19, 1871. TASHKEND (anc. Shash), a city of Turkistan, formerly included -within the boundaries of Khokan, but now under Russian rule, situated in lat. 43 N., Ion. 68 40' E., near the junction of two small affluents of the Sir Darya or Jaxartes, 150 m. N. W. of the city of Khokan; pop. estimated at 80,000, mostly Mussulmans. TASMANIA 57? It stands in a fertile plain covered with nu- merous gardens, amid what is described as lit- erally a forest of fruit trees, is enclosed by a high wall of unburned bricks 16 m. in circuit, and is entered by 12 gates. A great part of the town consists of houses surrounded by gar- dens and vineyards, the walls of which are so close together that only narrow lanes are left between. The houses are principally built of mud, and are about 11,000 in number. The former residence of the khan consists of a castle defended by walls and ditches ; and there are more than 300 mosques, 15 bazaars, and numerous colleges and old temples. The prin- cipal manufactures are silk and cotton goods, iron, and gunpowder. Commercially, Tash- kend is perhaps the most important city in Russian Turkistan. The chief lines of com- munication from northern Asia concentrate there, and by means of caravans an extensive trade is carried on with all the neighboring countries, including British India. The at- tempt of the Russian government, however, to establish a great fair at Tashkend, similar to that held at Nizhni Novgorod, has proved a failure. Tashkend has been celebrated in central Asia from the earliest times for its wealth and as a commercial emporium. It was assaulted and captured by a Russian force under Gen. Tcherniayeff, in the war with Kho- kan, in June, 1865, and now with the surround- ing territory constitutes a separate administra- tive district of Russian Turkistan. TASMM, Abel Janssen, a Dutch navigator, born at Hoorn about 1600, died probably on his second voyage to New Guinea and New Hol- land. In 1642 he was sent by Van Diemen, governor general of the Dutch East India com- pany, to explore the extent of the continent of New Holland. He set sail from Batavia on Aug. 14, and on Nov. 24 discovered the island to which he gave the name of the governor general (now Tasmania). He subsequently dis- covered New Zealand, the islands of the Three Kings, and the archipelagos of the Friendly and Feejee islands, and returned to Batavia after a voyage of 10 months. On Jan. 29, 1644, he undertook a second voyage along the coasts of New Guinea and New Holland, the details of which are unknown. He published a narrative of his first voyage, which was re- printed with the voyage of Coreal at Amster- dam in 1722. TASMMIA (formerly Van Diemen's Land), a British colony of Australasia, consisting of the island of the same name and several smaller islands, mostly in Bass strait; area, 26,215 sq. m.; pop. in 1870 (by census), 99,328; esti- mated, Jan, 1, 1874, 104,217. Capital, Hobart Town. The island of Tasmania is situated 120 m. S. E. of Australia, from which it is separa- ted by Bass strait, between lat. 40 38' and 43 38' S., and Ion. 144 40' and 148 30' E. It is 240 m. long from N. W. to S. E. ; its extreme breadth from N. E. to S. W. is 200 m. ; area, 24,330 sq. m. The coasts, which present al-