Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XV.djvu/71

SINALOA SINDE SINALOA. L A N". W. state of Mexico, bound- ed N. by Sonora, E. by Chihuahua and Duran- go, S. by Jalisco, and W. by the Pacific and the gulf of California; area, 25,927 sq. m. ; pop. in 1869, 163,095. The entire eastern portion is mountainous, being traversed by a branch of the Sierra Madre ; while the western com- )rises extensive plains gradually declining to- ward the coast, which is generally low. The is indented by bays, the largest of which that of Navachiste, and presents several har- [>rs, such as Mazatlan, Angeles, Altata, Tarna- illa, Popolobampo, and Navachiste, none of rhich are very commodious. The chief riv- TS are the Fuerte and Canas, forming respec- ively the northern and southern boundaries, inaloa, and Culiacan; some of these, with leir affluents, periodically overflow their rs, fertilizing the surrounding country, mineral productions include gold, silver, platinum, copper, iron, lead, and sulphur ; but ines of the first two only are worked, the srage annual yield being $500,000, of which eighths is silver. The climate is exces- ively hot, and in many parts unhealthful, par- ilarly in the south and in the coast region, le soil is for the most part fertile ; the prin- " agricultural products are coffee, rice, and ir cane. Many of the tropical fruits, par- ilarly guavas and bananas, are very abun- it, though the last are so extensively con- led as to be imported in immense quanti- 38. The chief occupations are agriculture mining, the manufacture of castor oil and liquor called mezcal, and pearl and tor- )ise fisheries along the coasts. Brazil wood, arls, gold, and silver are exported in large juantities. Sinaloa is divided into the dis- tricts of Rosario, Concordia, Mazatlan, San Ignacio, Cosala, Culiacan, Mocorito, Sinaloa Fuerte. The capital is Culiacan, and the lief port Mazatlan. II. An inland town of preceding state, on the right bank of a per of the same name, in the midst of a )ld-mining district, 220 m. N. N. W. of Ma- itlan ; pop. about 9,000. It has good houses, chulch, and a school ; and the inhabitants chiefly engaged in mining. It was the )ital of the old province of Sinaloa. SINCLAIR. I. Sir John, a Scottish agricul- rist, born at Thurso castle, Caithness, May 10, 1754, died Dec. 21, 1835. From 1780 to 1810 he was a member of parliament. He had an estate of 100,000 acres in Caithness, and devoted himself to the development of agri- culture, the improvement of wool, and the re- vival of coast fisheries ; and he built up the village of Thurso into a flourishing port. In 1786 he was created a baronet. The board of agriculture was established by act of parlia- ment in 1793 mainly through his efforts, and he was its first president. He was the author of numerous volumes and pamphlets on agricul- ture, finances, and other subjects, and also pub- lished " Observations on the Scottish Dialect " (1782); "History of the Public Revenue of V45 VOL. xv. 5 63 the British Empire " (3 vols., 1785-'9) ; Sta- tistical Account of Scotland " (21 vols., 1791- '9); and "Code of Health and Longevity" (4 vols., 1807). II. Sir George, a Scottish au- thor, son of the preceding, born in Edinburgh, Oct. 23, 1790, died Oct. 9, 1868. For several years he represented Caithness in parliament. He published "Selections from the Corre- spondence on the Scottish Church Question " (1842) ; " Letters to the Protestants of Scot- land " (1852); "Miscellaneous Thoughts on Popery, Prelacy, and Presbyterianism " (1853) ; " Two Hundred Years of Popery in France, 1515-1715 " (1853) ; and "Popery in the First Century " (1855). His life has been written by James Grant (London, 1869). III. John, a Scottish clergyman, brother of the preceding, born Aug. 20, 1797, died in London, May 22, 1875. After graduating at Pembroke college, Oxford, he took orders, and in 1843 was made archdeacon of Middlesex. In 1853 he visited the United States in behalf of the society for the propagation of the gospel. He published a life of his father (2 vols., Edinburgh, 1837), and "Sketches of Old Times and Distant Places" (London, 1875). IV. Catharine, a Scot- tish authoress, sister of the preceding, born in Edinburgh, April 17, 1800, died in Lon- don, Aug. 6, 1864. She was her father's sec- retary in the latter part of his life. Besides numerous books for children and miscellaneous works, she published several novels, including "Modern Accomplishments" (1835); "Holi- day House" (1839); "Modern Flirtations" (1841); "Jane Bouverie" (1845); "Lord and Lady Harcourt" (1850); "Beatrice" (1852); and "Torchester Abbey, or Cross Purposes" (1855). SINDE, Scinde, or Sindh, an administrative di- vision or commissionership of the province of Bombay in British India, bounded N. by Be- loochistan and the Punjaub, E. by Rajpoota- na, S. by the great western Runn of -Cutch and the Indian ocean, and W. by the Indian ocean and Beloochistan ; area, 54,403 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 1,730,323. The sea coast, 150 m. in length, is low and swampy, except at its N. ex- tremity, and at high water the shore is over- flowed for a considerable distance inland. The interior is a vast and arid plain of sand and shingle, traversed throughout its entire length by the river Indus, with a belt of fertility on each side. Sinde and the Indus bear a striking resemblance to Egypt and the Nile. (See IN- DUS.) The Hala hills extend along the W. fron- tier, but the most elevated points do not exceed 1,500 ft. above the sea. The E. part of Sinde is to a great extent desert, and covered with shifting sand hills, but affords some pasturage, more particularly for camels. In the north there are extensive tracts of jungle, now util- ized as government fuel reserves. Upper Sinde and Lower Sinde are the respective designa- tions of the northern and southern portions of the division, which comprises politically the collectorates of Kurrachee and Shikarpoor on