dug up in Winter, or Spring, may either plant the strongest at once, to remain, especially if for hedge-rows, or wholly in the nursery way, to train for the purposes intended.
By Layers.—Any time from Autumn till Spring, in open weather, have recourse to some low branching trees, chusing some of the lower pliable branches, furnished with plenty of young shoots: peg them down, and lay all the young wood three or four inches deep, with the tops out, which by next Autumn will be rooted then plant them out, and train them as the seedlings.
By Grafting.—This maybe practised to continue and improve any parti-
