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As Wall, and Espalier Trees require singular care in the different operations of Pruning and Training, both in Summer and in Winter, these works are here explained with respect to the different stages of growth, and order of bearing.

Concerning common Standards, the reader will also find ample directions: these do not require, indeed, like Wall-trees, a general pruning; a strict attention, however, as well to their early growth, as to their advanced state, being necessary, they were not to be omitted.

The favourable reception of a former[1] Work has encouraged it's author to sub-

  1. Every Man his own Gardener, seven Editions of which have been printed.—This Work, from a diffidence in the writer, was first published as the production of "Thomas Mawe, Gardener to his Grace the Duke of Leeds, and other Gardeners:" it was