fine brown or red hair. It does not appear, however, that
there was any other evidence of her being more than an ordi-
nary Modoc woman. She died soon after the birth of Wi-ne-
ma. Polygamy being an established custom among the Mo-
docs. .Wi-ne-ma was a member of a large family, having,
however, only one brother and one sister. In early life she
exhibited the rare qualities, which since her growth into
womanhood, have made her distinguished. She was at first
called Nan-ook-to-wa "the strange child," on account of her
habit of going alone to the sacred springs, and her fearlessness
in visiting the rocks where Ka-moo-kum-chux had left his
footprints. Indian children have a certain kind of reverential
fear of things sacred. From her father's lodge she could see
the snow-clad mountain peaks of the Cascades, and could hear
the roar of the rushing waters. The lodge was near the outlet
of the lake, and it was the favorite pastime of the children
to paddle on its bosom. On one occasion when she, with others
of her own age, were thus engaged, the canoe was drawn into
the current, which was so swift that the stoutest-hearted brave
would not venture into it. The father saw the danger and
shouted to them, but too late, and the slender craft was car-
ried into the rushing flood which roared and plunged through
the rocky shoot. The father was wild with the sight, and
would have plunged into the stream to save the children, but
the canoe was carried so rapidly along that he caught but
occasional glimpses of it as it rose like a feather on the huge
waves. Undaunted, Nan-ook-to-wa stood in the canoe and
with quick eye steered right and left past the great boulders,
commanding the other children to calmness, as they hurled
swiftly past the rocks. On, on, they went, while the frightened
father mounted his horse and hurried down the river's bank,
fast as speed could fly, seeing his children as they rose upon
the waves, and expecting each time would be the last. Away
they go, swifter than steed, swift as lightning, still on went
the flying canoe, and still on went the flying steed, while the
canoe roared with the united voices of rushing waters and
frightened people. Still the little Nan-ook-to-wa stood erect,
still she plied the paddle, until the canoe reached the calm
