Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/352

BRAIDWOOD. 342 BRAITHWELL. BRAIDWOOD, a vil. in the par. of Carluke, in the co. <( otland, 4 mil'-* t" tl..< N.NV. of Lanark. It is a station on the Caledonian railway. Tho Roman way, Walling .Strut, passed through this place. Coal and limestone are obtained in the neighbourhood, and the works give employment to many of the inhabitants. BRAILES, a par. in the Brailes div. of the hand, of Kington, in the co. of Warwick, 3 miles to the E. of Shipston-on-Stour. It lies on the border of Oxfordshire, and contains the limits, of Chclmscott and Winderton. Brailes was anciently a market town, and the manor was held by the Earls of Warwick under a grant from William the Conqueror. There is some fine scenery in the neighbourhood. In the village is a manufactory of shag and plush, and a factory belonging to J. Gillett, the patentee of the rick ventilator. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Worcester, of the val. of 344, in the patron, of J. Thornton, Esq. The church, dedicated to St. George, is a handsome stone structure with a square tower, and is partly in the early English style. The Society of Friends have a chapel, and there is a library and reading-room. Here is an endowed free school founded in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, which has a revenue of 64 per annum ; also a National school, and a Roman Catholic chapel with a school attached. The parish has the enjoyment of several other charitable en- dowments, producing about 70 a year. Brailes House is the seat of the Sheldon family, who have long held the manor and are the chief landholders. Brailes Cover is a mile from the village. BRA1LSFORD, a par. in the hund. of Appletree, in the co. of Derby, 7 miles to the N. W. of Derby, its post town. Ednaston is a limit, of this par. The living is n root." in the dioc. of Lichfield, of the val. of 673, in the patron, of Earl Ferrers. The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel here. There are gome charities of small value. BRAINTFIELD, a par. in the hund. of Cashio, in the co. of Hertford, 3 miles to the N.W. of Hertford, its post town.. The Hertford branch of the Great Northern railway passes near it. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Rochester, of the val. of 267, in the patron, of Abel Smith, Esq. The church is dedicated to St. Andrew. Thomas a Bccket is said to have held the rectory of this parish as his first preferment in the Church. The prin- cipal residence is Braintfield Place. BRAINTREE, a par. and market town in the hund. of Hinckford, in the co. of Essex, 11 miles to the N. of Chelmsford, and about 44 miles to the N.E. of London by the Groat Eastern railway, with which it is connected by a branch lino of 6 miles from Witham Junction. It is situated on the banks of the river Pant or Black- water, and is a town of great antiquity. It is mentioned in the Norman survey under the name of Raines, and was at an early time one of the possessions of the see of London. An episcopal palace is said to have existed here, but there are no remains of it. One of the prin- cipal roads leading from the metropolis into East Anglia passed through this place, and many pilgrims to the shrines of St. Edmund at Bury, and of Our Lady of Walsingham, were lodged and entertained hero on tin ir way. The privilege of a market was granted to the town in the reign of King John. Flemish artizans, driven from their own country by the cruel perse- cution of Protestants by the Duke of Alva, settled hero in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and inlrpducul tin- woollen manufacture, which was for a long time carried on to a considerable extent, but has now entirely disap- peared. Tho town stands on rising ground, and consists of several narrow irregular streets. Many of the houses are very old and built of timber. Tho principal business is the silk manufacture, which has superseded the woollen trade, and gives employment to 1,000 hands. There are ereralflour-nullsandabrusli -f- Afi-wpersons are engaged in making straw-plait. Bniintrcc governed by the town magistrates and n boil parishioners, who bore the title nf governors of thi ; It is now within the jurisdiction of the county magix! who hold petty sessions here weekly for South Hin. division. It is the head of a Poor-law l.'nion 14 parishes, the seat of a County Court, wl monthly, and a polling place for tiV county. Tho living is a vie.* in tl of the val. of 300, in the patron, of Esq. The church is dedicated to St " " on an elevated spot, and is a large the perpendicular style of architecture, surmountiHl by a shingle spire. The t__ early English style, and the i^ tion. In the reign of 11> nry VI 1 1 of "mysteries," or religious plays. church, the profits of which were applied to*tht ment of the building. Tho church contain! a nv_ to Dr. Collins, physician to the Czar, Peter tic There are chapels in the town bel< Independents, Wcsleyans, and tl. There are two free schools ; one of which wa . and endowed by James Cokor in 17"-, and huan of 18 a year. John Ray, the naturalist, education at this school. But th. that founded in the reign of Charl. (usually known as " Dog Smith,") : poor of this and thirteen neighbouring pinion, produce of which is now about i mechanics' institute was established in the ton yean since. Ruins of a very ancient chu in the parish, and Roman relics have discovered. Braintreo has suffered so' plague on several occasions, and especially the following year, when more than 1,000. victims to it. Wednesday is the ma held on the 7th May for toys and fancy the 2nd October for cattle, hops, ic. three days. Though Braintreo and distinct parishes, they form one < tending a mile on the road bet* Clare, and the rivers Blackwater a BRAISEWORTH, a par , in the co. of Suffolk, 2 miles town. The Great Eastern railway passe* has a station at Mellis, whicl south-east. The living is a rect. i val. 149, in the patron, of Sir K. hemson, who is lord of the manor. Tho church of 8 old building, now disused, a handsome new ing been recently erected in BRAIBTY WOOD, a hmlt. in : with, par. of Kirkby ' in the wi, West Biding of the co. of York, 4 miles to tlx 1 Ripley. BRAITHWAITE, a tnshp. in the par ward of Allerdale-abovc-Deru hind, 3 miles to the W. of Ki lieiMB I northern extremity of Derwentwatcr, at th* fox < lofty Whinlatter Fells, from v ciiit prospect over the surroundL and lake. Some of the villagers are < woollm iii:uiul';irtiire, and in working thai BRAITUWAITE, a hmlt. in the i Carlisle, Loath ward, in the co. of Cumb to the E. of Hetket-Newmarket. hamlet of Middlcsreugh ; and, like it, lie* I at some distance from the parish to which i I'.IIAI I 1 1 WATTE, a hmlt, in the pr.< wap. of Stainclil) IlKAITinVAriT., alimlt with, wap. of Osgoldcross, in of York, -I mil, - to th, V. of Thome. r.i;.rri!vi:i.i,. n par. m the south dr?. tlbrth and Tirkhill, in the West ~ co. of York, 7 miles to the 8. V ham in its post town. It include* ley. The living is a vic. in the dioc. of 1 val. of 330, in the patron, of the lord c church is dpil< i. James, and contain ancient monuments ; one of large sue to the I the church, and the other to Thomas f~