Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/159

GROVE. 151 GUERNSEY. distance of the village. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Oxford, val. 83, in the patron, of the Vicar of Wantage. The church is a small building .1 in 1832. Here is a National school, held in the old chapel, which has heen repaired for this purpose. GROVE, a vil. in the co. Kent, 6 miles N.E. of Can- terbury. It is situated on the banks of the river Stour, across which there is a ferry. The Ramsgate railway passes through the neighbourhood. GROVE GREEN, a vil. in the par. of Boxley, hund. of Maidstone, lathe of Aylesford, co. Kent, l mile E. of llaidstone. Fuller's earth is obtained here, and Roman remains have been found. GROVELY WOOD, an ext. par. place in the hund. of Cawden, co. Wilts, 4 miles N.W. of Wilton. There are extensive remains of ancient camps and entrench- ments. Some persons believe these to have been British towns, occupied subsequently as a fortified station by the Romans, who constructed a road through this part of the country. It is a meet for the South Wiltshire hounds. GROVESEND, a hmlt. in the par. of Alveston, hund. of Swineshead, co. Gloucester, 2 miles S.E. of Thornbury. Here are traces of an ancient fortified camp, and tumuli in which human remains were discovered in the last century. Lackington, bookseller, once lived here. GRUGAG WATER, a small river of co. Ross, Scot- land, which, after passing over a fall of 300 feet, falls into Dornoch Frith. GRUINARD, a loch on the N. side of the Island of Islay, co. Argyle, Scotland, about 2 miles long. GRUMBALDS ASH HUNDRED, one of the 28 sub- divisions of Gloucestershire, situated in the southern part of the co., and bounded on the N. by the hund. of Berkeley, on the E. by the co. of Wilts, on the S. by the hund. of Langley and Swineshead, and on the W. by the hund. of Thornbury. It includes the pars, of Acton- Turville, Alderley, Great Badminton, Boxwell, Char- field, Didmarton, Dodington, Dyrham, Hawkesbury, Horton, Oldbury-on-the-Hill, Chipping Sodbury, Little and Old Sodbury, Tonnarton, Tortworth, Wapley, Wick- war, and a portion of Iron-Acton, comprising about 40,700 acres. GRUMFORD, a vil. in the par. of Snape, co. Suffolk, 3 miles S. of Saxmundham. GRUMWELL'S PARK, a hmlt. in the par. and tnshp. of Alnwick, ward of Coquetdale, co. Northumber- land, 2 miles from Alnwick. GRUNDISBURGH, a par. in the hund. of Carlford, co. Suffolk, 3 miles N.W. of Woodbridge, its post town, and 7 N.E. of Ipswich. It is situated on a tributary of the river Deben. The Bealings station on the Ipswich and Wickham Market branch of the Great Eastern line of railway is about 2J miles S. of the village, which is considerable. There are pits from which clay is obtained. The tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of 527 13. 4rf. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 472, in the patron, of Trinity College, Cambridge. The church is an ancient edifice dedicated to St. JIary, with a handsome roof. The register com- mences in the reign of Edward VI. The parochial endowments, including rental of cottages, and 28 acres of land called the " Town Estate," produce nearly 50 ' per annum. The Baptists have a good chapel. Grundis- burgh Hall, the principal residence, was formerly the Beat of the Blois family. GRUNTY-FEN, an cxt. par. place in tho hund. of South Witchford, Isle of Ely, co. Cambridge, 4 miles 8.W. of Ely. The principal residence is Grunty House. GRWYNE-FAWR, a hmlt. in the par. and hund. of Talgarth, co. Brecon, South Wales, in the vicinity of Talgarth. It is situated at tho foot of tho Black Moun- tains, on two tributaries of tho river TIsk, which flows through the neighbourhood. ( ; I; VVXK-FECHAN, a hmlt. in the par. and hund. of Talgarth, co. Brecon, South Wales, close to the above. <II;Yr'E, or GRISE, a small river of co. Renfrew, 1 and. It ri is near Greenoek, and joins the river Black Cart, near Walkinshaw. It is celebrated for its trout and perch fishing. GRYGOR, a tythg. in the par. of Aberffraw, co. Anglesea, North Wales, 16 miles S.W. of Beaumaris. It is situated near the mouth of the river Ffraw, on Carnarvon Bay. GUELDABLE, a tnshp. in the par. of Leake, wap. of Birdforth, North Riding of co. York, G miles S.E. of Northallerton. GUERNSEY, the second of the Channel Islands, lying off tho N. coast of France, between Normandy and Brittany, in N. lat. 49 27', and W. long. 2 41 5 . It is about 14 miles N.W. of Jersey, 7 W. of Sark, and 15 S.S.W. of Alderney. Its distance from the English coast is twice that from the French coast, being 26 miles W.S.W. of Cape La Hogue, 36 W. by S. of Cherbourg, and 51 S. of Portland, 60 S. of Weymouth, and 71 S.E. of Plymouth. It is in form of an isosceles triangle, being 9 miles long by four broad, or at its extreme points 9 long, with an extreme breadth of 54-. Its circuit round the coast is between 26 and 30 miles, and its superficial extent about 2t square miles. Tho N. part of the island is level, rising gradually towards the S., where the coast rises boldly from the sea, some of tho cliffs attaining an elevation of 270 feet. These cliffs are separated by numerous deep and narrow valleys, running into small sandy bays, whilst on the N. and N.E. of the island the coast lies low, forming a series of flat bays, skirted by projecting rocky headlands. For several miles out to sea the N. and W. coast is skirted by detached rocks, rendering tho approach to tho island extremely dangerous, whilst on the S. coast there are but few rocks, and these near tho shore. The island is almost entirely of igneous formation, the rocks being chiefly gneiss, granite, and sienitc. It was known to the Romans, who named it Sarnia, or Sarmia, and towards tho close of tho 9th century it was annexed by the North- men to tho duchy of Normandy, and upon tho conquest of England by William of Normandy, became part of the English and Norse empire in France. After the loss of Normandy, it remained, with the rest of the Channel Islands, attached to the English crown. It is owing to this circumstance that tho rights and liberties of the inhabitants differ considerably from those of the rest of England, being of two distinct characters, first, those inherited through their ancestors, from tho dukes of Normandy, before the conquest of England, and secondly, thoso conceded by tho English sovereigns and ratified by parliament. The former regard the people of the Channel Islands as ancient subjects of Normandy ; tho latter, as English subjects. These elements have modi- fied in a peculiar manner both tho political constitution and jurisprudence of Guernsey, which, like Jersey, has a constitution of its own, consisting of a lieutenant- governor appointed by tho crown, a bailiff, lieutenant- bailiff, sheriff or vicomtc, deputy vicomte, &c., and a legislative body called tho "States of Deliberation," which are composed of the bailiff of tho royal court, who is speaker, the procureur or attorney of the royal court, the rectors of parishes, the delegates of the parishes, one from each of the country parishes, and six from the town parish, and the jurates or judges of the royal court in all, 37. The bailiff and procureur are nominated by the crown ; the rectors are presented by the governor, and tho delegates are chosen by tho states of election, now 222. Imperial taxation being unknown in the Channel Islands, tho money required for tho public expenses is voted by the states, though that body has no power to impose any new tax exceeding Id. on every 20 capital, without the royal consent. It is then levied in a fixed proportion, according to the antient mode of assessment practised in the island, on all capital, includ- ing money in the British and Foreign funds, land, &c., but not on pensions, professional income, half-pay, or personal emolument. Tho general taxes are levied for parochial as well as general purposes, but no strangers are taxed unless they acquire real property, or exercise some trade or profession in the island. The inhabitants import free of duty all foreign produce, and enjoy tho privilege of exporting their own produce only into tho jnother country also free of duty, as though carried from