Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/400

KEELOACH. 392 KERRY. the waste lands was obtained in 1841. The village is considerable, but chiefly agricultural. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Worcester, val. 100, in the patron, of the bishop. The church has a tower contain- ing five bells. It is dedicated to St. Thomas, and was erected in 1847. In 1852 a National school for both sexes was opened. KERLOACH, one of the summits of the Grampians, in co. Kincardine, Scotland, near Strachan. It attains an height of 1,890 feet. KERLOGNE, a par. in the bar. of Forth, co. Wex- ford, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, part of the benefice of St. Patrick's, Wexford, which see. KERMINCHAM, a tnshp. in the par. of Swctten- ham, hund. of Northwic.h, co. Chester, a miles N.W. of Congleton. It is situated near the river Dane and Manchester railway. Kcrmincham Lodge is the prin- cipal residence. KERNANSTOWN, an ancient par., now joined to Carlow, Ireland. KEURIER, a hund. in the co. of Cornwall ; contains the towns of Helston and Penryn, and the pars, of St. Anthony, Breage, Budock, Constantine, Cury, Fal- mouth, Germoe, St. Gluvias, Grade, Gunwalloe, Gwen- nap, St. Keverne, Landewednack, Mabe, Manaccan, St. Martin with. Mawgan, Mawnan, Mullion, Mylor, Perran-Arworthal, Major and Minor Kuan, Stithney, St. Stithian's, and Wendron, comprising an area of 103,550 acres. It gives name to a deanery in the arch- deac. of Cornwall, and dioc. of Exeter. KERRY, a maritime co. of the prov. of Munster, Ireland. It is bounded by the mouth of the Shannon (which separates it from co. Clare) on the K., by cos. Limerick and Cork on the E., by co. Cork and the estuary of the Kcnmare on the S., and by the ocean on the W. It lies between 51 41' and 52 33' N. lat., and 9 7' and 10 30' W. long. Its greatest length N. and S., from the Priest's Cap, on the Cork border, to Carrig- foyle, on the Shannon river, is a little short of 55 miles. Its greatest breadth E. and W., from Lisheen, co. Cork, to Dunmore Head, is 58 miles. The county extends over an area of 1,853 square miles, of which 414, C14 acres are suitable for cultivation, 720,775 are unculti- vated, 11,169 are in plantation, 807 are occupied by the sites of towns, &c., and 32,761 are under water, making in all an area of 1,186,126 acres. The coast line includes numerous indentations and inlets, and measures over 220 miles. The name Kerry is said to be derived from Caii' reeght, i.e. the " kingdom of Cair," who was a son of Fergus, King of Ulster. It was formerly part of the ancient kingdom of Desmond, governed by the MacCarthies. Raymond le Gros having joined Dermod MacCarthy in suppressing the rebellion of Cormac, his son, he received an extensive grant of land in the N. of the county, where Maurice, son of Raymond, settled in 1177, founded the family of Fitzmaurice, and gave name to the barony of Clanmaurice. In the close of the 13th century Thomas Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald was lord of Desmond. His sons were John, Earl of Kildare, and Maurice, Earl of Desmond. The estates of this family were forfeited by the rebellion of Gerald in the reign of Elizabeth. In 1641 the Irish took Tralee from the English, and held the county until they were routed in 1652 by Ludlow, when further confiscation took place. Among the new proprietors was Sir William Petty, who established the Kenmare iron works, which existed so long as the neighbouring supply of timber held out. The last rebellion gave cause for still further confisca- tion of lauds, to the extent of 90,116 acres. The principal landowners are now the Marquis of Lans- downe, to whom it gives title of earl, Lord Kenmare, Lord Headley, Lord Ventry, and the Knight of Kerry. In the northern portion of the county the surface is flat and open, and comprises the great bog district of the Cashen. The hill of Doon and Knockanore, with a few other low hills, alone diversify the contour of the surface in this district. The plain of Ardfert extends for about 16 square miles, passing Barra Head and Tralee Bay. To the E. of the district the Clanruddery mountains run for about 7i miles X. and S. The Stacks range commences at Tralee Harbour, and extends north- easterly to the head waters of the river Feale. The principal summits of this range are Knockacur, Knoekan- adirive, Mount-Eagle-Loyal, Knocknagossy, Knockman- aghan, Knockfreaghan, Knockbrack, and Knockgnagh. From Castlemaine Harbour to the E. , near the head waters of the Main and Brown Flesk, there stretches a very ex- tensive plain of champaign country, embracing some of the most fertile parts of Kerry. Further to the S.W. the Slievemish mountains stretch away directly to the E. The principal summits of this range are Cahirconree and Bautregaun. The northern peninsulated district of the county is traversed throughout by a succession of alpine acclivities. The chief elevations are Ballyvalder, Cappa- clough, Binsheehy, Binroe, Croskerdagh, Connor, and Sugarloaf. In the N. of the peninsula the Brandon attains the height of 3,126 feet. Passing over another extensive plain of level champaign country, of which Castle Island, Killarney, and the Paps, may be called the southern boundaries, we enter the great W. and S.W. highlands of the county, occupying the S. peninsular district. Some of the principal summits are Mangerton, in Glan- crought, with the Devil's Punch-Bowl, and Glen of the Horse, Crohanne, Coombnie, Glenkeagh, and Caha mountains ; in Dunkerrin, MacGillicuddy's Reeks, with Cam Tual, the highest peak in Ireland, Toomies, Glena-Purple, and Coomenagh; in Iveragh, Curragheen, Culleen, &c. The coast, which is in general bold and clift'-bound, has two great indentations, the bays of Dingle and Tralee. In the N. is Tarbert Bay, with lighthouse, which has excellent harbourage. Ardmore Point and Bay next occur, near which are Crockeeu Point and Carrigafoyle Island. Passing Deal Point and the caves of Ballybunian, we observe the mouth of the river Cashel, with its harbour. Rounding Kerry Head, Ballyheige Bay sweeps round with a curve, but is too open to offer safe anchorage. Here the coast assumes a change from bold cliff to low beach, with a continuous screen of upland, and thus continues as far as Brandon Bay. Tralee Bay and Harbour, with its canal to the town, and fishery pier, next occurs. It is well sheltered, and has from 2 to 3 fathoms of water, with Fenit Isle to the N. Brandon Bay offers good anchorage, and has a fishery pier. Brandon Head is its western extremity. From here to its termination the coast resumes, but on a grander scale, its former boldness of character. Smerwick Harbour indents the coast between Ballydavid and Dunourlin heads, and has good anchorage. Passing round the extremity of the peninsula of Corkaguiney, by Ferriter's Cove, the Blasquet islands, and Dunmore Head, we enter Dingle Bay, and follow its shores, taking in Ventry Harbour, Dingle Harbour, Castlemaine Haven (the head of the bay), and the estuary of the river Maine. Valentia Harbour, with lighthouse, is a channel sepa- rating the island of Valentia from the mainland, and has excellent and safe anchorage. Lamb Island lies in the N. entrance. Next to Dingle Bay are St. Finian's and Ballinaskelligs bays, with numerous small islands and headlands. Beyond these to the S. is the estuary of the Kenmare, or Kenmare Bay, which has the islands of Two Head, Rossmore, and Dunkerrin, and terminates at the town of Kenmare, which has a fishing harbour. The rivers of Kerry are few and unimportant. The Cashen, whose head streams are the Geale, Feale, and Brick, flows in a north-westerly direction to the sea. The river Maine rises on both sides of Knockanadirive, and flows W.S.W. to Castlemaine. The Brown Flesk rises at Mount-Eagle-Loyal, and flows to the Maine. The Flesk rises in the co. Cork, and falls into the I. Lake of Killarney. The Deanagh rises in the N. of Magonihy, and falls into Lower Lake Killarney. The Laune flows from that lake, and takes a N.W. course towards Castlemaine. Other streams are, the Carra, falling into the upper part of Dingle Bay ; the Fertin, into Valentia Harbftur ; the Inny and Cununara, into Ballinaskelligs Bay ; Sueem, Blackwater, Finchy, and Roughty, into the Kenmare estuary ; and the Sheen, falling into the head of Kenmare Bay. The lakea com-