Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/710

LONDON, LITTLE. 702 LONGCOTT. houses arc chiefly built of brick, and the city is paved and lighted with gas. The waterworks on Brae Head were constructed by the corporation, under an Act of the 40th George III., at an expense of 15,500. For municipal purposes the city is divided into three wards, East, North, and South, and returns six aldermen and 18 councillors, who, with the mayor and 12 borough magistrates the latter appointed by the lord-lieutenant administer the government, und'er the style of the " mayor, aldermen, and burgesses of the borough of Londonderry." The mayor holds a court of conscience for pleas under 40s. Irish, and there is a court of record with pleas to an unlimited amount. The assistant- barrister and the recorder hold quarter sessions, and petty sessions are also held by the borough magistrates. The assizes for the county are held in the city. The population of the parliamentary borough in 1861 was 20,493, inhabiting 2,887 houses. Before the Union it returned two members to parliament, but since it has only returned one member constituency in 1859, 825. The bridge, 1,068 feet in length, ia of wood, and was constructed by an American, Lemuel Cox, in lieu of a ferry, in 1789-91, at an expense of more than 16,000. The principal public buildings are the cathedral and two other Protestant episcopal churches, two Roman Catholic chapels, six Presbyterian, an Independent, and two Methodist places of worship ; the episcopal palace, built in 1761; Foyle CoDege ; the city court-house; prison ; custom-house ; Chamber of Commerce and News-room; Corporation Hall ; barracks ; workhouse ; deanery, built in 1833 ; and county lunatic asylum. The cathedral, originally built in 1164, but destroyed by Dockwra, and rebuilt in 1633, is 240 feet long by 66 feet, with an eight-aided spire 288 feet high. The interior contains the tombs of Bishop Knox, by Behnes, and Dr. Hamilton ; also two flags taken from the be- siegers in a sortie in 1689. The other churches are a Free church, built in 1830 by Bishop Knox, and a chapel-oi'-ease. There are also five banks and a savings- bank, besides flax-mills, distilleries, breweries, large rope- walks, a foundry, tan-yard, and several flour-mills. Gwyn's Charitable Institution has accommodation for 120 orphans. There are several parochial and Koman Catholic schools, also almshouses for widows of the clergy. The harbour, formed by the estuary of the Foyie, is spacious, and possesses great natural advan- tages. It has an income of about 2,000, and at some of the quays vessels of 500 tons may unload. It ia under the jurisdiction of the Irish Society, who appoint a wee-admiral for the harbour and adjoining coast. Two railways run along the harbour, and the traffic of the port is managed by a board of harbour commis- sioners, appointed under the Act 17 and 18 Vic. Abun- dance of salmon are caught in Lough Foylo, the greater portion being sent to Liverpool. The chief exports are corn, llour, flax, linen, hides, eggs, and provisions. A Cistercian nunnery was founded here in 1218, and a Dominican friary in 1274. Farquhar, the poet, was a native of Londonderry. The newspapers published in the town are the Londonderry Journal, the Londonderry Sentinel, and the Londonderry Standard. It gives the titles of marquis and earl to the Stewarts. It gives name to a diocese in the province of Armagh, comprising the counties of Londonderry and Tyrone, with parts of Antrim and Donegal. The see contains 66 benefices, or 102 livings, of which two are unions, and 35 in the patron, of the bishop, whose income is 8,000, and seat Boom Hall Palace. Since 1836 the diocese of llaphoe has been joined to it. The chapter includes a dean, archdeacon, eight rural deans, three prebendaries, vicar- general, and other officers. The Roman Catholic diocese comprises 36 parishes, the bishop's seat being at Derry. Races take place annually. Markets every day for provisions, Wednesday for linen, and Thursday for flax. Fairs are held on the first Wednesday in each month, and on 17th June, 4th September, and 17th October. LONDON, LITTLE, many small limits, of this name in various parts of England viz. near Andover, co. Hants; near Basingstoke, co. Hants; near Bishop Stortford, co. Essex; near Great Grimsby, on t Humber, co. Lincoln ; near Guildford, co. Surrey ; m Hoytesbury, co. Wilts ; near Leeds, co. York ; m Ormskirk, co. Lancaster ; near Sutton St. Mary, co. Lincoln ; near Thame, eo. Bucks ; near Thaxted, co. Essex ; near TJxbridge, Middlesex. LONDONTHORPE, a par. in the soke of Grantham, parts of Kesteven, co. Lincoln, 2 miles N.E. of Grant- ham, its post town and railway station, on the Great Northern line of railway. The Roman Ermine Street passes through it. The village is small and wholly agricultural. The tithes were commuted for land and corn rents under an Enclosure Act in 1795. The living is a perpet. cur. annexed to that of Manthorpe, in the dioc. of Lincoln. The church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, ia a stone edifice "with embattled parapet and pinnacles. The interior is supported by light pointed arches. The register commences in 1539. The Wes- leyans have a chapel. There are some cottages for poor, built in the Gothic style. Earl Brownlow is ' of the manor. LONGA. See LONGO, co. Ross. LONGA, an island in South Skye, co. Inve: Scotland, 5 miles N. by W. of Broadford. LONGANNAT, a vil. in the par. of Tullyallan, co. Perth, Scotland, 3 miles S. of Clackmannan. It is situated on the Frith of Forth. Some of the inhabitants are employed in the stone quarries. LONG-BENTON. See BENTON, LONG, and the like, for other places having the same distinguishing prefix. LONGBOROUGH, a par. in the upper div. of the hund. of Kif'lsgate, co. Gloucester, 3 miles N.W. of Stow- ou-the- Wolds, its post town, and 9 S. W. of Shipston-on- Stour. The Moreton. station on the West Midland line of railway is about 3 miles N.E. from the village, which is considerable. It is situated on the old Roman Fosse Way, and near to a long camp, from which circumstance the place is supposed to have derived its name. The surface is hilly, and the soil in parts sterile. There is a considerable stone quarry, which the inhabitants claim the right of working. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Gloucester and Bristol, val. with the rect. of Season- cote annexed, 221. The church, dedicated to St. James, is an old stone edifice of the Anglo-Saxon period, with a tower surmounted by pinnacles. It has been enlarged and repaired. The charities produce about 5 per annum. There is a parochial school. Lord Leigh is lord of the manor. LONOBREDY. See BHEDY, LONG, co. Dorset. LONGBRIDGE HUNDRED, one of the subdivis. !:.> of the rape of Pevensey, co. Sussex. It is situal< the south-eastern part of the co., and includes the p;irs. of Arlington, Berwick, Folkington, Littlington, and Wilmington, comprising an area of about 10,600 ac LONGBRIDGE HUNDRED, one of the subdivi- sions of the lathe of Scray, co. Kent. LONGBURGH, a tnshp. in the par. of Bnrgh-bi Sands, ward and co. of Cumberland, 1 milo W. of Burgh, and 6 N.W. of Carlisle. It is situated on the south 1 of the ship canal, and includes the two hmlts. of Dykes- field and Shield. LONGBURTON, a par. in the hund. of Sherborne, co. Dorset, 2 miles S.E. of Sherborne, its post town, ami 14 N. of Dorchester. The village is situated on main road from Bath to Weymouth. Many of the v< are employed in making gloves for the Yeovil manufac turers. There are extensive quarries of limeston building. The living is a vie.* in the diou. of Salis.1 v".l. with the perpet. cur. of Holnest annex* The church is dedicated to St. James. It contains monuments of the Fitz James's family. The ch-i produce about 1 per annum. TheWesleyana and P mitive Methodists have chapels. There is a National echool. J. S. W. S. E. Drax, Esq., is lord of the iv LONGCASTLE, an ancient par. in co. Wigtown, Scot- land, now united to Kirkinner. LONGCOTT, a tnshp. and chplry. in the j.ar. hund. of Shrivenham, co. Berks, 4 miles S. W. of Fa don, its post town, and 9 N.W. of Wantage.