Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/336

RIPE. 324 RIPON. EIPE, or RYPE, a par. in the hund. of Shiplake, rape of Pevensey, co. Su&sex, 7 miles E. of Lewes, 10 S.E. of Ucktield, and 2 from the Berwick railway station. Hurst Green is its post town. The village, which is sometimes called Eckington, is of small extent, and chiefly agricultural. There is a powerful chalyheate spring in the neighbourhood. The surface is well wooded, and the land is divided between arahle, meadow, and pasture. The tithes have heeu commuted for a rent-charge of 470, and the glehe comprises 33 acres. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Chichester, val. 431, in the patron, of Exeter College, Oxford. The church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, has an embattled tower containing five bells. The chancel has a -window of ancient stained glass. The parochial charities produce about 1 per, annum. There is a Rational school for both sexes. RIPLEY, a chplry. and small market town in the par. of Pentrick, or Pentridge, hund. of Morleston, co. Derby, 3 miles S.W. of Alfreton, its post town, 5 N.E. of Belper, and 4 E. of Ambergate railway station. It is situated near the tunnel of the Cromford railway, and at a short distance from the river Derwent. It was chartered as a market town by Henry III., but since that period has considerably declined, and the market day, formerly on Wednesday, has been altered to Satur- day. The chplry. includes the hinlts. of Butterley, Hartshay, and Marehay. The town, which wears a neat appearance, contains many good shops. A large portion of the inhabitants are employed in the silk and cotton mills, and others in the extensive collieries at Hartshay, and the iron-works of the Butterley Com- pany. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Lich- field, val. 200. The church was erected in 1821. The parochial.charities produce about 3 per annum. There are National schools for both sexes. The Wesleyans, Reformed Wesleyans, Baptists, Primitive Methodists, and Unitarians have each a place of worship. There is also a library, with reading and newsrooms. Coins of Gallienus, Carausius, Victorinus, and others were dis- covered here in 1730. Butterley Hall is the principal residence. The Duke of Devonshire is lord of the manor. Fairs are held on the Wednesday in Easter week, also on 23rd October ; and, on the 5th November, a st.'itute fair for the hiring of servants. RIPLEY, a par. and post town in (he wap. of Claro, West Riding co. York, 3J miles from High Harrogate, 5 W. of Knarcsborough^ and 22 N.W. of York. It is situated on the Leeds and Thirsk railway, and near the river Nidd. The par. comprises the tnshps. of Clint and Killinghall, besides the vil. of Ripley, which was formerly a market town. The town occupies rising ground, about half a mile N. from the river, and con- sists chiefly of one broad street. All the old houses have been taken down, and replaced by others constructed of stone. The townhall, designated the Hotel de Ville, was erected at the expense of Lady Amcotts Ingilby, in 1841. The surface is varied by hill and dale, and the higher grounds command some good views. The soil is rich and fertile, with a subsoil of clay. It is chiefly famed for its production of liquorice. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 640. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is an ancient cruciform struc- ture, with a square embattled tower containing three bells. The interior of the church contains monuments of the Ingilby family, including one of Sir Thomas Ingilby, Justice of the Common Pleas in the reign of Edward III. In the churchyard is the stump of an ancient cross, with eight niches, apparently intended for kneeling. The parochial charities produce about 298 per annum, of which 206 goes to Admiral Long's free school, and 40 to Ingilby's school. There is an infant school, in which a Sunday-school is also held. Ripley Castle, originally built in 1555, but recently enlarged, is a castellated mansion, situated in a park. It was here Oliver Cromwell lodged the night before the battle of Marston-Moor. Ripley was the birthplace of Ripley, the alchemist, and of Archbishop Pullen. The Rev. H. J. Ingilby, M.A., is lord of the manor and principal landowner. Fairs are held on Easter Monday and Tues- day, and on the 25th and 26th of August for cattle. RIPLEY, a hmlt. in the par. of Sopley, hund. of Christchurch, co. Hants, 4 miles N. of Christchurch. RIPLEY, a chplry. and post town in the par. of Sond, second div. of Woking hund., co. Surrey, fi miles S.E. of Woking, and 5 N.E. of Guihlford. The village, which is considerable, is situated on the high road from Portsmouth to London. The land partly belongs to Sum- ner, of Halchlands. The living is a vie. * annexed to that of Send, in the dioc. of Winchester. The church was rebuilt on the site of the old one, in 1846. There is a place of worship for Baptists ; also a National school for both sexes, built in 1847. Fairs are held on 22nd July and on llth November. RIPLEY COURT, an ancient seat in the par. of Westwell, hund. of Calehill, co. Kent, 4 miles N.W. of Ashford. It once belonged to Sheriff Iden, who took Jack Cade prisoner at Hothfield, in 1450, and in the reign of Charles I. came to the Tuftons. R1PLINGHAM, a hmlt. in the par. of Rowley, Hunsley Beacon div. of Harthill wap., East Riding co. York, 2 miles N.E. of South Cave. RIPL1NGTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Whalton, W. div. of Castle ward, co. Northumberland, 6 miles S.W. of Morpeth. RIPLINGTON, a tythg. in the par. and hund. of East Meon, co. Hants, 5 miles N.W. of Petersfleld. RIPON, a lib. in the West Riding co. York, contains the pars, of Markingfield, Nidd, and part of Ripon, comprising about 35,500 acres. RIPON, a market town, municipal and parliamentary borough, and seat of a bishopric, in the lib. of Ripon, West Riding co. York, 22 miles N.W. of York, and 215 from London by the Great Northern Railway, or 212 by road. The parish, which is very extensive, comprising between 49,000 and 50,000 acres, is situated on the right bank of the river Ure. The soil is for the most part gravelly, and the land is fertile around the city, but in some parts it is hilly and bleak. The first mention of Ripon occurs about the middle of the 7th century, when Eata, Abbot of Melrose, is said to have founded a monastery, at which time there were not more than thirty houses. A few years afterwards it was given to Wilfrid, who added considerably to the town, and made it a bishop's see. Alfred the Great made it a borough about the year 885. During the following two centuries it was destroyed three times, having been burnt twice by the Danes and laid waste by William the Norman soon after the Conquest. It was again twice burnt by Bruce between 1319 and 1323. When the plague raged in London in the reign of Henry IV. the king took up his residence at Ripon. James I. also visited this city, as did Charles I., on two occasions, and it was here that the Scots negotiated for a peace in 1640. It was subsequently occupied for a time by the parlia- mentarian troops, but was retaken in 1643 by the royalists under Sir John llallory. In accordance with a custom instituted by King Alfred, three blasts of the horn are given at the door of the mayoralty every evening at nine o'clock by the official hornblower, and a fourth at the market cross. The origin of this custom was to give warning against thieves, and the bugler was at that time called the " wakeman." The municipal and parliamentary boundaries are co-extensive, comprising the ancient borough of Ripon, with the townships of Ais- munderby and Bondgate, which form part of the parish of Ripon, and together contain 1,549 acres. The popu- lation in 1851 was 6,080, with 1,345 inhabited houses, which in 1861 had increased to 6,172. The streets generally are irregular, but they are well paved, lighted with gas, and there is a good supply of water. No especial branch of manufacture is now carried on in the city, but woollen cloth used to be made in large quan- tities before the days of Elizabeth, and spurs were then made in such quantities, and of such good quality, that "as true steel as Ripon rowels" became a proverb throughout England to denote honesty anl courage. Davenant, in his " Wits," as well as Ben Jousou in his