Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/677

TIPPERKERIST. 665 TIRKENNEDY. of Tipra-Rae, signifying " the wells of the plains." A castle was built here by King John, and a monastery for Augustinian friars, founded by Henry III., added to the importance of the place. The town was burned in 1329 by one of the O'Briens, but was quickly rebuilt. It is situated at the base of the Slievenamuck mountains, and almost in the centre of the Golden Vale, and, being on the direct road from Clonmel to Limerick, it is advantageously placed for improvement. It consists of one principal street, with smaller ones branching off at right angles, haa lately been considerably improved, and is well lighted with gas. The care of it is vested in 21 town commissioners, including the chairman. It contains a handsome church, Roman Catholic chapel, and Presbyterian and Methodist meeting-houses. Quarter and petty sessions are held. A considerable business is done in corn, flour, and butter, and agricultural produce general!}', which is sent for shipment to Waterford and Limerick. Thursdays and Saturdays are market days. Fairs are held on Sth April, 24th Juno, 10th October, llth December, and on the second Tuesday of the other months in each year. Tho par. is in the dioc. of Cashel, and has a net income of 536, the patronage being vested in the bishop. The Poor-law Union extends over 179,988 acres, with a population in 1861 of 47,298. TIPPERKEKIN, a par. in the bar. of South Naas, co. Kildare, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 2 miles N.W. of Ballymore-Eustace. The surface is hilly, including the mountain Sliveroe, which attains an elevation of 1,094 feet. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Dublin, and in the patron, of the bishop. There are Danish raths at Sliveroe, Bishop's Hill, and Donode. TIPPERLIN, a quondam vil. in the par. of St. Cuth- bort, co. Edinburgh, Scotland, a quarter of a mile W. of Momingside. TIFrON, or TIBBINGTON, a par. and manufactur- ing and mining district in the hund. of South Offlow, co. Stafford, 2 miles N. of Dudley, 9 N.W. of Birmingham, and 4J S.E. of Wolverhampton. The par. comprises several hmlts., Dudley Port, part of Greatbridge, Gos- pel Oak, Horseley Heath, Ocker Hill, Princes end, Tipton, and Toll End. Its acreage is 3,020, and its population in 1861 was 28,870, being an increase of 3,998 since 1851. The return for 1801 includes 161 persons living in boats. The number of houses was 6,085. The prosperity of the parish is due to its minerals, coal and iron. Many mines are at work to supply the blast furnaces that abound in and around the parish. Large iron-works and foundries are engaged in working the iron. The manufactures are mostly heavy, as cables, anchors, pit chains, tailway iron-work, engine- boilers, sheet, bar, and nail-rod iron, fenders and fire- irons, stove grates, spouts, pipes, palisades, &c. There are also brick and tile, nail, and file works, breweries, cement works, &c. Among the larger establishments may be mentioned those of the Bloomfield ironworks, the Staffordshire Anchor-Testing Company, the Sum- nifirhill ironworks, the Gospel Oak works, and the Horseley Heath works. The parish is a network of canals, and has water communication in all directions. Three lines of railway also facilitate its trade, viz., the Birmingham, Wolverhampton, and Wednesbury (Lon- don and North- Western), with four stations within the parish ; the South Staffordshire (London and North- Western';, one station ; and the West Midland (Great Western), with two stations. The Birmingham and Dudley road traverses the parish, and is its main thoroughfare: at Dudley Port the road is spanned by the Royal Aqueduct, erected in 1836. Tho principal roads are lighted with gas, supplied from the Birming- ham and South Staffordshire gasworks, Swan Village. The water comes from Lichfield, but there is a reservoir near Dudley. A board of health is established in the parish. The police-station and offices, erected 1864, are on Horseley Heath, near the parish church. Athletic sports are much in favour at Tipton, and there are foot- races at the Britannia grounds almost weekly. The wake is held in August. Tipton is in tho dioc. of Lichfield and archdeaconry of Stafford, and has four churches. St. Martin, the mother church, is val. 419; St. Paul's, val. 300, in the patron, of the incumbent of St. Martin's ; St. John's, val. 40, in the patron, of the bishop; St. Mark's, val. 150. The Independents, Baptists, Methodist New Connexion, Primitive Metho- dist-H, aiid Wesleyans, have chapels. There are several National and other day and Sunday schools. TIFl'ON, a vil. and chplry. in the par. of Ottery St. Mary, co. Devon, 2 miles S. of Otterv, on the river Otter. TIRANASCRAGH, a par. in the bar. of Longford, co. Gal way, prov. of Connaught, Ireland, 3 miles S.S.W. of Eyreoourt. The surface consists of good land, with a small portion of bog. The parish is traversed by the river Shannon. Tho living is a rect. joined to Donon- aughta. The principal residence is Ormond-view. TIRANNY, a bar. in co. Armagh, prov. of Ulster, Ireland. It contains Middleton, with portions of tho pars, of Derrynooso, Eglish, Keady, and Tynan. TIRAWLEY, a bar. in co. Mayo, Ireland, containing Ballina, Ballycastle, and the pars, of Addergoole, Ardagh, Ballynahaglish, Ballysakeery, Crossmolina, Doonleeny, Kilbelfad, Kilbride, Kilcummin, Kiltian, Killala, Lackan, Moygawnagh, Rathreagh, Temple- murry, and part of Kilmoremoy. TIREE, or TYREE, an island belonging to the Argyleshire Hebrides, coast of Scotland, 2 miles S.W. of Coll, and 18 N.W. of lona. It extends in length about 12 miles, with a mean breadth of 4 miles. The coast is indented with several rocky bays, but the surface is flat, with the exception of some hills towards the N., which rise from 200 to 300 feet. Reef plain is an expanse of verdure lying scarcely 12 feet above high water-mark, and called in Gaelic, Rioghachd liar fo tkuin, or, "tho land below the waves." To the N.E. is a ferry to Gunna and Coll, and about 4 miles W. is Sceir mhor, or Duskere rock, where seals are caught. The island is watered by numerous streams, which form upwards of 20 fresh-water lochs, covering an area of about 600 acres. Game, rabbits, and sea-fowl are in abundance, tho last especially at Ceanmharra cliffs, where there are many caves. On the summit of tho cliff is St. Patrick's temple, measuring 26 feet by 11 feet, besides which are duns or forts, and ruined chapels. The prevailing rock is gneiss, with pink and green marble. The island is one of the most fertile of the Hebrides, but destitute of wood, and occasionally subjected to strong westerly winds. Many of its in- habitants are engaged in the rearing of cattle, and in poultry breeding, and till recently in the manufacture of kelp. The Duke of Argyle is sole landowner. Fairs occur on tho Wednesday in May prior to Mull, on the Monday in August prior to Mull, and on the Wednes- day in October prior to Mull. TIRERAGH, a bar. in co. Sligo, Ireland, containing Ardnaree, Dromore- West, and the pars, of Castleconnor, Dromard, Casky, Kilglass, Kilmacshalgan, Skreen, Templeboy, and parts of Kilmoremoy. TIRERILL, a bar. in co. Sligo, Ireland, containing Ballinafad, Collooney, Riverstoun, and the pars, of Aghanagh, Ballynakill, Ballysamaghan, Drumcolumb, Killadoon, Killerry, Kilmacallan, Kilmactranny, Kil- ross, Shancough, and Tawnagh, and part ofBallysa- dare. TIR-EVAN, or IFAN, a tnshp. in the par. of Yspytty, hund. of Isaled, co. Denbigh, 8 miles S.E. of Llanrwst. It is situated on the river Conway, and had a hospital of the Knights of St. John. TIRHUGH, a bar. in co. Donegal, Ireland, contain- ing Ballintrae, Ballyshannon, and pars, of Donegal, Drumhome, and Kilbarron, and parts of Inishmacsaint and Templecarne. TIRKEERAN, a bar. in co. Londonderry, Ireland, containing part of Londonderry and Muff, and the pars, of Clondermot, Lower Cumber, Faughanvale, and parts of Banagher and Upper Cumber. TIRKENNEDY, a bar. in co. Fermanagh, Ireland, containing parts of the pars, of Cleenish, Derryhrusk, Derryvullan, Enniskillen, Magheracross, and Trory.