Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/786

MONBXJTTtr. 708 MONDONEDO. Schweinfurth visited tlicir powerful aud popu- lous kingdom, it is said to have been almost de- populated by slave-traders and ilahdists. MONCABA, niou-kii'ua, Francisco de, Conde d'Osuiia. Marque's d'Aitoiia (158G-1635). A S|)an- isli diplomat, soldier, and historian, born at Valencia. At tirst ambassador at the Court of the Emperor Ferdinand 11., he was in 1033 ap- pointed generalissimo of the Spanish forces in the Netherlands, and twice defeated the Prince of Orange. He i)ublished a work of consi<lerablo historical value entitled Kxpedicion de los Cata- lancs y Aragoneses contra Turcos y Griegos (1G23) MONCALIERI, nion'kji-lya're. A town in the Province of Turin. Kaly, situated on the Po, five miles south of Turin (ilaj): Italy, 15 3). The royal palace, built in the fifteenth centurj', has a picture gallery. The town has brick and lime kilns, and manufactures matches. Popu- lation (commune), in 1881, 11.379; in 1901, 11,- 561. MONCEAUX, inoN'sd', Pabc de. A Paris park, attractively laid out in 1778 by the Ihike of Orleans, afterwards known as Philippe Egalite, which became a fashionable resort and a favorite place for fetes and balls. It became national property during the Revolution, was restored to the Orleans family at the Restoration, and was finally purchased by the city of Paris, and converted into a ])Ml)lic park. The grounds originally covered some ."id acres, of which half viere sold by the municipality for building pur- poses. It contains an oval lake with a Corinthian colonnade, a number of statues, and a line collec- tion of plants. MONCEY, moN'.sa'. Bo.N Adklen Jeanxot de, Duke of Conegliano ( 1754-1S42) . A French sol- dier, born at Moncey (Doubs). He took an ac- tive part in the campaign of the Pyrenees in 1794, and was made a general in the same year. In the Italian campaign of 1800-01 he greatly dis- tinguished himself, and after his return to France received the title of Duke of Conegliano (1808). In the succeeding war with Spain he fought brilliantly, especially at Saragossa in 1809. Jloncey advised against the invasion of Russia, and did not accompany the army thither in 1812, but he was prominent in the ilefense of Paris against the allied forces in 1814. Louis XVIIT. made him a peer, and Moncey remained faithful to the King during the events of the Hundred Days. His refusal of the presidency of the Council deputed to try JIarslial Ney lost him all his honors; but a year later, after a brief imprisonment, these were returned to him. He made his last active campaign in Spain in 1823. MONCK, nn'ink, Charles Stanley, fourth Viscount (1810-94). A Rritish politician, born at Templemore in Tipperary. Ireland. He was educated at Trinity College. Dublin, and was called to the Irish bar in 1841. He was elected to Parliament as a Liberal member for Ports- mouth in 18.'52, and was reelected in 18.5.'). but was unsuccessful in IS.'iT. He was a Lord of the Treasury from IR.'i.t to IR.'iS. and was ap- pointed Oovernor General of Canada in 1801. He was reap])ointed in 1807 on the confederation of the provinces into the Dominion, but resigned the next vear. In 1871 he served on the Irish national education commission, and on the com- mission to carry out llie act lor the disestablish- ment of the Irish Church, lie succet^ded his father as visccmnt in the Irish peerage in 1849, and was made a viscount in the peerage of Great Britain in ISGti. MONCLOVA, niuii klr/va. A town of the State of Coahuila, Me.ieo. situated 103 miles northwest of the ca|)ital, Saltillo, on the Mexican International Railroad, and the terminus of a branch line to Cuatro Cienegas (Map: Mexico, H 4). It is the centre of an agricultural and stock-raising district, and contains some rail- road shops. Monclova was settled during the hist quarter of the seventeenth century, and was ini]iortant as the starling-point for the early Spani^h rntrdddn into Texas. Under their rule it continued to be the seat of government for this portion of New Spain, and during a brief period was the capital of the dual State of Coahuila and Texas. The population of the municipalitv is about 1,5,000. MONCRIEFF, nionkref. William Thomas ( 17',l4-18o7 ) . An English dramatist, born in London, son of a Strand tradesman, named Thomas. The name JloncrietV he assumed for theatrical purposes. MoiicrietVs first success was at Ashley's with 77ic Dmuli/ I'nmilii: and in 1820 Tlir l.iar of I'lintle Life, with .Tunius Brutus Booth as hero, enjoyed a long run. But his most popular |)roductioii was 7'o»i and .lirrij (1821), a dramatization of I/tfc in London by Pierce Egan ((|.v. ). whose lioxiana MoncrielV had begun to publish in 1818. He managed Vauxhall Gar- dens in 1827, and in 1833 leased the City Theatre. Soon afterwards his sight failed, and in 1843 he became totally blind. The following year he entered the Charterhouse in London. ]IoncrietT's tlieatrical reminiscences were published in the Kunddi/ Times in 1851. He edited Selections from Dramatic Works (London, 18.50), with 24 of his own plays. MONCRIEFF PITS. Excavations used in the system of gun luouiiting originate<l by Sir -Mexandcr Moncrieff (1829 — ), for the heavy ordnance of coast batteries, tirst introduced about 1808. This .system utilizes the recoil of tlie gun after discharge to return it to the loading position, at tin bottom of the pit. It is re- placed in the firing position by means of hydro- pneumntic machinery. MONCTON, munk'ton. A town and port of entry in Westmoreland County, New Brunswick, Canada: on the Petitcodinc River, and the Inter- colonial Railroad; 89 miles northeast of Saint .lohn (Map: New Brunswick. E 3). It is at the head of river navigiition. and has a fine harbor. There are manufactures of cotton, flour, and planing mill products, leather, iron, and wooden ware. The general otiiccs and principal shops of the Intercolonial Railroad are located here; and there is a large trade in lumber and agricultural products. The I'nited States is represented by a commercial agent. .A feature of the river is the bore or tidal wave, four to six feet high, which (lows in from the Bav of Fundv at high water. Population, in 1891. 8702: in 1901. 9020. MONDONEDO, m'.n'dA nya'nA. . town of Nortlnvc^lcrn Spain, in the Province of Lugo, situated in a mountain valley 12 miles from the Biscayan coast (Map: Spain, B 1). It was