RICHIBUCTO, rĭsh′ĭ-bŭk′tō̇. A town and port of entry of Kent County, New Brunswick, Can., on Richibucto Harbor and on the Inter-Canadian Railway, 25 miles east of Kent Junction (Map: New Brunswick, E 3). It is the eastern terminus of the Kent Northern Railway. It has shipbuilding, lumber, and fishing industries. Population, in 1901, 4000.
RICH′MOND. A city of Bourke County, Victoria, Australia, constituting a suburb of Melbourne (q.v.). Population, in 1889, 37,550; in 1901, 37,722.
RICHMOND. A town in Surrey, England, 8 miles west-southwest of London, on the right bank of the Thames (Map: England, F 5). It is a favorite summer resort for Londoners. The rich and beautiful scenery of the vicinity is seen with advantage from the Terrace, which stretches along the brow of the hill, on the slopes and summit of which the town is built. The banks of the Thames are studded with villas, and around the town are numerous nurseries and kitchen gardens. As Schene or Sheen, Richmond was a royal residence from the time of Edward I. until the reign of James II. To the southeast of the town is Richmond Park, presented to the citizens of London by Charles I. in 1634. Richmond was not incorporated until 1890, but had been favored with a progressive vestry which established a water supply, public baths, and a free library. The municipality has built a fine town hall, artisans' dwellings, technical school, and isolation hospital, and maintains cemeteries, sewage works, and pleasure grounds. Population, in 1891, 26,875; in 1901, 31,677. Consult: Chancellor, Historical Richmond (London, 1885); Garnett, Richmond (ib., 1896).
RICHMOND. A city and the county-seat of Wayne County, Ind., 60 miles east of Indianapolis, on the Whitewater River, here crossed by iron bridges, and on the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago and Saint Louis, the Grand Rapids and Indiana, and the Cincinnati, Richmond and Muncie railroads (Map: Indiana, E 3). It is the seat of Earlham College (Orthodox Friends), opened in 1847, and has the Morrison-Reeves Library (public) with 27,000 volumes, and the Richmond Law Library. The Eastern Indiana Hospital for the Insane is here, also Saint Stephen's Hospital, and homes for orphans and for women. There are fine public school buildings, including a large high school, and among other public edifices of note are the city hall and the county court-house. Glen Miller Park comprises about 135 acres. The yearly meeting of the Orthodox Friends of Indiana is held in Richmond. The city is the commercial centre of a fertile agricultural section, and is important also for its manufactures, which, in the census year of 1900, represented capital to the amount of $5,175,000, and had an output valued at $5,282,000. The chief products include threshing machines, traction engines, grain drills, lawn mowers, carriages and wagons, steam engines and boilers, church furniture, desks, pianos, brick, paper, paper bags, flour, sawed lumber, etc. Laid out in 1816, Richmond was incorporated two years later as a town, and in 1840 received a city charter. It is situated on the old National Road. Population, in 1890, 16,608; in 1900, 18,226.
RICHMOND. A city and the county-seat of Madison County, Ky., 50 miles southeast of Frankfort, on the Louisville and Nashville and other railroads (Map: Kentucky, G 3). It is the seat of the Madison Female Institute. Farming and the breeding of horses constitute the principal industries. Population, in 1890, 5073; in 1900, 4653.
RICHMOND. A city and the county-seat of Ray County, Mo., 40 miles east by north of Kansas City, on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad (Map: Missouri, B 2). It is situated in a region engaged in agriculture, cattle-raising, and coal-mining, and manufactures flour and lumber products. The Woodson Institute is here. Population, in 1890, 2895; in 1900, 3478.
RICHMOND. The largest city of Virginia and a port of entry, the State capital and county-seat of Henrico County, 116 miles south by west of Washington, D. C. (Map: Virginia, G 4). It is situated on the James River, 127 miles from the Atlantic Ocean, at the head of tidewater. The rapids here have a fall of 100 feet in 6 miles and furnish an immense water power. A canal extends around the rapids, providing means for navigation by smaller vessels for a considerable distance above the city. Several bridges span the James, connecting with Manchester and other suburbs. There are steamship lines to Atlantic coast ports, and the railroad facilities comprise the Southern Railway, the Atlantic Coast line, the Seaboard Air Line, the Chesapeake and Ohio, the Norfolk and Western, and other roads.
The site of Richmond is of great natural beauty. It is regularly laid out on a succession of low hills that rise from the northern bank of the James, the highest point reaching an altitude of 250 feet above the sea. The area is about 5½ square miles. More than three-fourths of the total street mileage (120 miles) is paved, macadam and Belgian blocks being used in the more important thoroughfares. The parks and cemeteries of Richmond and its momunents are of especial interest. The public park system, with an aggregate area of 376 acres, includes Reservoir Park of 300 acres on the western bounds of the city; Monroe, Gamble's Hill, Jefferson, Marshall, and Chimborazo parks, besides the Capitol Square. Capitol Square, on Shockoe Hill in the heart of Richmond, is 12 acres in extent. Here is situated the State Capitol (1785-96), modeled at the suggestion of Thomas Jefferson, after the Maison Carrée at Nîmes. In the Capitol are busts and portraits of many eminent men, including the celebrated marble statue of Washington by the French sculptor Houdon in the rotunda. There are also in the square the new State Library, used mainly as an office building, the Governor's mansion, and the old Bell House. On the grounds, near the Capitol, is a splendid monument to Washington. Statues of Henry Clay and ‘Stonewall’ Jackson by Hart and Foley, respectively, also adorn Capitol Square.
In Monroe Park are a statue of General Wickham and the site of the Jefferson Davis Monument. Gamble's Hill Park is noteworthy for the splendid view it affords. It overlooks the famous Tredegar Iron Works and the river with the historic Belle Isle and other islands. On Libby Hill (Marshall Park) stands the Con-
