Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/587

SANDWICH. 527 SAN FELIU DE GXJIXOLS. SANDWICH, ,louN -Mo.NTAui:, Earl of (1718- 92j. All Kiiyli>li politician, notorious tor his political and personal vices. He succeeded to the title at the age of eleven, studied at Kton and at Trinity, Cambridge; and after two years on the Continent entered politics, becoming a lord of admiralty. lu 174S he became First Lord of tlic .dniiralty, and attempted to reform naval administration. Sandwieli lirst earned the ill opinion of the people by turning on John Wilkes, an old friend and companion in his in- famous ribaldry, partly for political reasons. He augmented this unpopularity by his uiaiuigement from 1771 to 1782 of the Admiralty, of which he was again First T,ord, purely for party purposes, and by his keeping for years as mistress iliss Jlartba Ray, wlio was shot in 17711 by the Kev. James Hackman, an unsuccessful lover, and whose murder revealed the story of her life. After the fall of North's Cabinet in 1782 Sand- wich did not return to public life. Awkward and uncouth as he was and the worst hated man of his time, lie was yet a man of singular per- sonal charm and was much admired and loved by his departmental inferiors. In the annals of anecdote the Earl figures as inventor of the "sandwich." SANDWICH ISLANDS. The former name of the Jlawaiian Islands (q.v.). SANDY HILL. A village in Washington County, N. Y., 40 miles north of Troy; on the Hudson River, and on the Delaware and Hudson Railroad. It is an important lumbering and stone-quarrying centre, and is engaged also in the manufacture of foundry and machine-shop products and paper, and in the printing of wall paper. Population, in 1890, 2895; in 1900, 4473, SANDY HOOK. A low, narrow, sandy penin- sula, or spit, running about six miles northward from the coast of New Jersey, partly inclosing Lower Xew York Bay (Map: New Jersey, E .3), Near its northern end are Fort Hancock, the United States heavy ordnance proving grounds, and a lighthouse 90 feet high. SANDYS, san'dis or sandz, Edwix (c.1516- 88). An English archbishop, born at Hawks- head, Lancashire. He graduated at Saint John's College, Cambridge, in 1541, became prebendary of Peterborough in 1549, and of Carlisle in 1552. and was appointed vice-chancellor of Cambridge in 155.3. He was favorable to the Reformation, and, having preaclied in favor of Lady Jane Grey, was imprisoned in the Tower, from which he escaped and tied to the Continent in 1554. He returned to England on the day of Elizabeth's coronation: was made Bishop of Worcester in 1559; of London in 1570; and Archbishop of York in 1576. He was a translator of the Bishop's Bible, and a commissioner to revise the liturgj-. His Sermons, icilh Miscellaneous Pieces and Biographical Xotice by the Rev. John Ayre, were published at Cambridge in 1841. SANDYS, Sir Edwin (1561-1629). An Eng- lish statesman. The second son of Archbishop Sandvs. he was born in Worcestershire, and was educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he was a puinl of Richard Hooker, graduating in 1589. In 1599 lie joined James VI. in Scotland, by whom, as .James I., he was knighted. He was a leading member of the House of Commons, and was a member and treasurer of the second_ Vir- ginia Company. It was largely due to his ef- forts that a cliarter was obtained for the Plym- outh Colony. SANDYS, Kredkruk (18:J2-1904 ) . An Enjf- lish painter and drauglilsnian, born in .Norwich. He studied with his father, was associated with the Pre-Raphaelite group, and became one of the most promising of the school, lie caricatured ilillais's "Sir isumbras at the Ford" uiuler the title "A Xightmare (1857), and introduced por- traits of ilillais, Ru.skin, Rosselli. and lliini. into the sketch, which attracted much attention. Much of Sandys's best work was in the form of woodcuts. His subjects were usually taken fioni Scandinavian mythology or meilia'val legends; his draughtsmanship is fine, and his couceptiou original. His paintings in oil, exhibited durin;; the sixties, are few, but of the highest order. They include: ".Medea" (1809), "Oriana," ""The Valkyrie," and ""ilorgan le Fay" (18U4). SANDYS, George (1577-1044). .-Vn English traveler and poet. The seventh son of Archbishop Sandys, he was born at liishopslhor])e, York.shire, and was educated at .'^aiiit -Mary Hall. Oxford. In lli21, succeeding his brother as treasurer of Virginia, he went to America and interested him- self in the welfare of the colony, establishing iron works and introducing ship-building. He published translations of Ovid's Mcliimorphoscs (1026), the first translation of a classic made in America; also poetical versions of the I'salms (1030) ; of Job, Ecclesiastcs, and Lamentations 11039); and Christ's I'assion: A Traijeih) (1040), translated from the Latin of Hugo (Jro- tius. Consult Hooper, The Poetical Works of Georfie Sandys, With an Introduction and otes (London, 1872). SANDYS, John Edwin (1844-). An Eng- lish classical scholar. He was educated at Rep- ton School, and at Saint John's College, Cam- bridge. In 1870 he obtained his il.A. and was appointed tutor of Saint .Tohn's. From 1807 to 1877 he was classical lecturer at .Jesus College, and in 1876 he became public orator of the Uni- versity of Cambridge. Besides his many con- tributions to the Classical Kevieic and his history of classical scholarship in Traill's Social Eng- land, he published editions of Demosthenes, the Baechcc of Euripides (1880), Cicero's Orator (1885), and Aristotle's Constitution of Athens (1893). In 1880 he jniblished An. Easter Vaca- tion in Greece. SAN FELIPE, fa-le'pa. The capital of the Province of Aconcagua, Chile, situated 40 miles northeast of Valparaiso, and near the base of Aconcagua (Map: Chile, C 10). It is sur- rounded by parks. It manufactures cordage, and has considerable trade with Arjjentina, being a station on the Trans-Andean Railroad. Popula- tion, in 1895, 11,313. SAN FELIPE. The capital of the State of Y'aracuy, Venezuela, 1"20 miles west of Carficas. Cacao, coft'ee. sugar, fruits, tobacco, grain, and brandies are produced. The town was founded in 1552 and destioyed by an earthquake in 1812. Its population is about 5000. SAN FELIPE DE JATIVA, nii'ti'-v.l. See .Tativ.. SAN FELITT DE GXJIXOLS. siin fflle'oo; di ge-iiols'. town of Xorlheastern Spain, in the Province of Gcrona, on the Mediterranean coast, 50 miles northeast of Barcelona. It nianufac-