Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/609

SAN JTIAN BAUTISTA. 543 sankhya. SAN JUAN BAUTISTA, bou-tes'ti. The capilal of the ^tate of Tabasco, Muxico, situated on the Giijalva, about 30 miles from the coast (Ma]): Mexico, X 8). It stands in a mv and unhealthful locality and is of unpretentious ap- pearance. It has some trade through its port, Frontera, at the mouth of the river. It was founded under the name ^'iU^ Felipe 11. in 1508, afterwards called Villa Bcrmosa, and finally in 1821 was given its present name. Population, in 1895, 0GO4. SAN JUAN BOUNDARY DISPUTE. A dispute between the United States and Great Britain in regard to a part of the Oregon boundary, which by the treaty of June 15, 184fi, was made the forty-ninth parallel to the "middle oif the channel which separates the continent from Vancouver Island, and thence southerly through the middle of said channel and of Fuca Straits, to the Pacitic Ocean." Afterwards a difference of opinion arose between the two countries as to what 'channel' was meant : the United States maintaining that it was the Canal de Haro, and C4reat Britain that it was Rosario Strait, so that it remained unsettled to which government Washington Sound and the islands in it be- longed. An amicable arrangement was effected in 1859, by which the two governments jointly occupied the island, the I'nited States having a garrison in the south and Great Britain in the north. The Treaty of Washington (1871), art. 34, referred the controversy to the Emperor of Germanv, who decided for the United States in 1872. SAN JUAN DE BOCBOC, bok-bok'. A town of Luzon, Philippines, in the Province of Ba- tangas. It is situated on the Gulf of Tayabas, 25 miles east of Batangas (ilap: Philippine Isl- ands, F 6). Population, estimated, in 1899, 14,- 017. SAN JUAN DE LA CIENEGA, se-a'na-ga. See CiiiNEGA. SAN JUAN DEL MEZQUITAL, del m6s'- ke-tiil'. A Mexican town of the State of Zaca- tecas, 90 miles northwest of the city of that name (Map: ilexico, G 5). Poi)ulation,"in 1895, 7113. SAN JUAN DEL NORTE, nor'ta, or Gbet- TOWX. The principal sc;iport on the Atbantic coast of Nicaragua, at the mouth of the north- ern arm of the San Juan River delta, in the ex- treme southeastern corner of the Republic (^lap: Central America, F 5). A mile north of the town is the village of America, the eastern ter- minus of the proposed Nicaragua Canal (q.v. ). Greytown lies in an unhealthful locality. Its harbor is rapidly filling with sand, but jetties have been constructed to remedy the evil. Popu- lation, about 2500. SAN JUAN DE LOS REMEDIOS, ra ma'- De-6s. See Remeoios. SAN JUAN DEL RIO, del re'6. A town of Mexico, in the State of Qucretaro. 27 miles east of the city of that name (Map: Mexico. .17). It is noted for silver-mining and for its trade in opals. It is an irregularly built town, founded in 1531. Population, in 1.S95. 9040. SAN JUAN DEL SUR, del socir. A seaimrt of Nicaragua, on the Pacific coast. (55 miles southeast of Managua (Map: Central America, D 5). Its harbor is small, hut deep, and it is a submarine cable station, and the port for Rivas. The western terminus of the proposed Nicaragua Canal is a few miles north. Population, 1000. SAN JUAN RIVER. The outlet of Lake Nicaragua in Central America. It leaves the lake at its southeastern end, and Hows 110 miles in a winding southeast course on the boundary between Nicaragua and Costa Rica, emptying into the Caril)bean Sea through a delta of sev- eral arms (Jlap: Central America, V, 5). The mouth of one of these forms th(^ harbor of Grey- town (San Juan del Norte). The river is broad, deep, and trantiuil, but ne;ir the middle it is com- pletely obstructed by the rapids of Machuca. The San Juan forms ))art of the Nicaragua route for the pr<i])Osed interoccanic canal. See NlCA- RACl'A ('.XA1.. ^ANKARA, or SANKARACARYA, slian'- ki-ra-chiir'ya (c.788-?). A Hindu philosopher and conniu'ntator on the VvdCnita (q.v.). Ac- cording to tradition he was born in the village of Kalapi in Kerala or Malabar, and was the son of Sivagurus'arman. He f<nnided a famous school at Sringagiri, but later journcyi'd as far as Kashmir and died at Kanci, a village there. About his life many legends clustered, and he was popularly regarded as an incarnation of Siva (q.v.) on account of his name Sankara, an epi- thet of Siva. An enormous nundDer of works is attributed to him, most of which are iloubtless spurious. He is one of the most important fig- ures in the history of Hindu philosophy because of his BrfihiiiiisutrabliasyO, a commentary which is indispensable for an understanding of the Brulniiasutras of Badarayana, the founder of the Vedanta school of philosoj)hy (edited at Boniliay, 1890-91). Consult: Windischmann, Siiiicdia (Bonn, 1833); Deussen, hii/steni des Veddxta (Leipzig, 1883); id., Sutra's des Vedanta (ib., 1887). SAN'KEY, Ika David (1840—). A IMethodist evangelist, born at Edinburgh, Lawrence County, Pa. In 1870 he met Dwight L. Moody (q.v!) and they became associated in revivalistic work, continuing together for many years. They visited Great Britain from 1873 to 1875 and again in 1883, and made many tours throughout the United States. In these meetings Sankcy had charge of the singing. After severing his connection with Moody he frequently con- ducted meetings alone. His compilations of de- votional music, containing many of his own compositions, are Gospel Hymns. Haered Songs, and Sdcrrd N'oiigs atid Solns. SANKHYA, san'k}-il (Skt. srinkhi/a, enumera- tion). The name of one of the six great systems of orthodox Hindu philosophy. It is comple- mented, deistically, by the Yor/a (q.v.) system, and, like the two Mimamsas (q.v.), the .Y//(7(/f( (q.v.), and Vi'iise.ihika (q.v.) systems, it pro- fesses to teach the means by which eternal beati- tude may be attained. This means is the dis- criminative acquaintance with tattra. or the true principles of all existence, and such prin- ciples are. according to the Sankhya system, the following 25: (1) Pra/vf'i (q.v.) or I'rndhdna, the (intellectual) basis. Its first i)roduction is (2) Mahat. the gieat. or Biiddhi. intellect, or the in- tellectual principle, which appertains to indi- vidual beings. From it devolve* (3) AhmlihCirn, the assertion of the ego, the function of which consists in referring the objects of the world to the ego. This produces (4-8) five tanmatras, or