SATLEJ. 588 SATURN. SAT1.EJ. A river of India. See SUTLEJ. SATOLLI, si-tf>l'l^ FnANCESCO (1831 — ). .ii Italian oanlinal, born at Perugia, where he pursued his studies at the Diocesan Seminary. l*o|>e I.fo Xlll. appointed SatoUi to a pro- iessorship in the Koman Seminary and School of the l'ro]>ji^'anda. Jn 1HS8 Satolli was made titular Arehhishop of Lepanto. Later, when new (piestions eaine to the Church in the United Stales. Mnr. Satolli was sent out as Papal Ablegate with plenary power (November, 1892), which was conlirmed by his appointment in Jan- uary, 1893, as Apostolic Delegate to the American Church, with an oHicial residence in Washington. Mgr. Satolli has written several valuable works, among them a commentary on Saint Thomas Aquinas, and a Cuiirse in PhUosophii, much used in Catholic institutions of learning. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1805, and was re- called and succeeded by Archbishop Sebastiano
- Martinelli in ISnO.
SATORALJA-UJHELY, shii'tA-ro-l^'o oo'y'- hely'. The ca])ital of the County of Zemplin, Hungary. 105 miles northeast of Budapest (Map: Hungary. i] . It is picturesquely situated at the base of the Heg^'alja, one of the offshoots of the Carpathians. It has a Piarist gj-mnasium and is noted for its wine and tobacco. Popula- tion, in 1900, 1(5,712. SATOW, ssU'd. Sir Ernest Mason (1843—). A liriti^^h dijilomatist and scholar, born in Lon- don. After graduation at University College, London, he entered the British civil service. In the consular service in Japan be rose to be Jap- anese secretary to the British Legation; received the decoration 'of Saint Michael and Saint George; was transferred to Siam as consul-gen- eral in 1883. and became Jlinister there in 1885. In 1888 he became Minister Resident at Monte- video, and in 1893 was sent to Morocco as Envoy E.vtraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, and two years later to .Japan, whence in the autumn of 1000, after the Boxer uprising, he was trans- ferred to Peking, where he took a prominent posi- tion in the settlement of the indemnitj' and other (pu'stions. With Hawes be edited the first and seeon<l editions of Murraifs Bund Book for Japan (1882), and with Isbibashi, an English-Japanese Dictionary (187fi). He wrote the Jesuit Mission Press in Japan, 1591-1610 (1888), and many papers of great learning and of the highest value in the Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, particularlv in connection with Shinto (q.v.). SATSTTMA, siit'soo-nia, or Sasshiu. A province of .lapan. occupying the southern portion of the island of Kiushiu, and now included in the Prefecture of Kagoshima (q.v.). It Avas long held as a fief of the princely House of Shimadzu. has produced a large number of able men, and has always played a very important part in the history of the country. The clan had a leading place in the revolution of 1868. Its states- men have preponderated in the national coun- cil for many years. The province is noted for its faience. It was at Kagoshima, the chief town of the province, that Francis Xavier landed in 1549 to begin his missionary labors. For the Satsuma Rebellion, see Saigo. SAT'TERLEE, Henry Yates (1843-). An American bishop of the Episcopal Church. He was born in New York City, and received his degree from Coliunbia College in 1803. In 1866 he completed the course of the (ieiuMal Theologi- cal Seminary, and was ordained priest, lie be- came attached to Zion parish, Wa]ipinger's Falls, N. Y., as assistant in 18(J5, and in 1875 was made rector. In 1882 he removed to New York City and became rector of Calvary Church, a post he retained for fourteen years. In 180<! he was con- secrated first Bishop of Washington, D. C. His. principal ])ublislied work is .1 Crccdicss (lospcl and the (lospcl ('reed (1804), a book ins])ired by the Parliament of Religions held in Chicago in 1893. SATTEBLEE, Walter (1844—). An Ameri- can painter and illustrator, born in Brooklyn, N. Y. He graduated at Columbia College in 1863, studied at the Academy of Design, and afterwards under Edwin White and (1878-79) under Lfon Bonnat in Paris. He became an associate of the National Academy in 1879, and in 1886 took the Clarke Prize. His paintings include The Runaways," "The Old Garden," '"The Feast of Flora," "An Old Time Coquette," and "Old Ballads." SATURATION (Lat. saturatio, from s<itu- rurc, to fill, saturate, from satur, full ; con- nected with sat, satis, enough). A term in psy- chology signifying purit.y of color sensation, that is, relative deficiency of black or white admix- ture. Together with color-tone and brightness, saturation, which may be regarded as the color intensity of a given color, determines the total color impression. A saturated color tone, which is obtained onl,v by spectrum analysis, is free from all mixtures of other color-tones. The external stimulus producing a pure color sensa- tion, or saturation, Ls a light vibration of single wave-length. Light vibrations of many wave- lengths produce such compound color sensations as yellowish white, reddish white, etc. One of all wave-lengths of the optical sjiectrum produces a zero saturation, that is, white. SATURDAY REVIEW, The. A London weekly review of politics, literature, science, and 9| art, founded in 1855 by John Douglas Cook, under whose editorship it maintained a high rank in its class. In ISOS, Harold Hodge, well- known for his interest in London social ques- tions, became the editor. SATURN (Lat. Satnrnns, OLat. Sateurnus, Srctiirniis : connected with sator, sower, screre, tc> sow, and ultimately with OChurch Slav, siti, Lith. seti, OHG. saen, Ger. siien, Goth, saian. AS. Sttiran, Eng. soic). An ancient Roman divinity who presided over the sowing of the seed. His festival occurred on December 17, after the con- elusion of the winter sowing. (See SATfRNALlA.) A temple was built in B.C. 497 (according to the story) at the foot of the Capitol, and became later the place of deposit for the State's treasury. Early, however, the identification with the Greek Cronos arose, and the offerings to Saturn were made according to the Greek rite. Probably in consequence of this identification arose the legend that Saturn was an ancient king of Latium, im- der whose gracious rule the whole of Italy had enjoved a golden age. In the Greek myth Cronus (Kpivos) appears as the eldest of the Titans (q.v.), son of Uranus and G;pa. He mu- tilated his father and became the ruler of the universe. To guard against danger of an over- throw, he swallowed his children by Rhea a» fast as they were born. At last, after the birth
