Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/692

SCARLET FEVER. 624 SCARRON. The troatnuiit is lliat of fevers in jjonornl. Iso- strate that the hoiul was supplied with nerves, lution is I'sseiitial. Alisolule rest, lii|iiia diet, and He died in I'avia after being blind for many a well-ventilated room should be jirovided. The years. 'Scarpa's triangle' is bounded by the ad- teniperature is kept down by means of appro- duetor longus, the sartorius, and the ciural arch, iiriate drugs, cooling drinks, cold sponging, or It is so named because Scarpa first tied the bathing: the action of the kidneys and skin is promoted by these measures and by the adminis- tration of "diuretic medicines. The strength is supported by fretpient liquid feedings and by giving suitable amounts of whisky or brandy. .Antiseptic sprays and <louches help to ])revent the throat infeeiion through the Kustacliian tubes to the ears, and render the |)atient more com- fortable. During the period of desquamation the femoral artery in it for popliteal aneurism. SCARP ANTO, skar'pun-ir) (Lat. Ciiii>(ith)is, Gk. KdpwaOos, KariMthvs). An island of the .-Egean Sea belonging to Turkey, situated mid- way between the islands of Rhodes and Crete (Jlap: Turkey in Asia, B 5). It is .31 miles long, S miles" in extreme breadth. Area, 120 square miles. It has bare mountains, reaching a height of 4000 feet. There are ruins of towns boily should be washed night and morning with j^^ ^^,;:^,^.^y places. Population, about 8000, mostly soap and warm water, and in the intervals „,j,,,^,.,.,, j„ .^^qq^. ciijef town, Aperi. smeared or rubbed with carbolized oil or oint- -.„ . T.T,t-. t i u / i- ■ <■ ment to prevent particles of epithelium from Sf^.^^f " . .^-J '"'■^^l"^?' (l"^'*' '^ 'l'»">'"^'^ '^ being carried otV into the atmosphere bearing eon- o* ^^' <"' simstei. tagion with them. At least six weeks should SCARRON, ska'rox', Paul (1610-00). A elapse before the jjatient is allowed to mingle French realistic novelist and burlesque humorist, with his fellows. Treatment of the principal born in Paris. His yell-to-do father was l)igoted, complications of scarlatina is considered under Xkimihitis and Otitis Media. SCARLET LETTER, The. A novel by Xatlianiel Ibiwlhornc (q.v.). SCARLET SNAKE. A brilliant red snake {Osceola ihijisoi/lrn) marked with jet-black, white-lxudered rings, dwelling in the Southern Inited States; it is allied to the milk-snake. SCAR'LETT, Sir .James Yorke (1799-1871). An English general. He was the second son of Sir .James Scarlett, Baron Abinger, was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, entered the army, was gazetted major to the Fifth Dragoon Guards in 1830, and commander of the regiment in 1840. his stepmother cruel. One induced him to take orders, the other cheated him of his inheritance. He was educated for the Church. He had a gay youth, was a welcome guest both of the aristo- cratic salons and of the less prim ilarion De- lorme and Ninon de rEnelos. Then he was sent to Le ilans, was taken by his bishop to Rome (163.5), and made canon (1G3C). Symj)- toms of nervous disease now appi'ared and made him from 1638 till death a constant in- valid and an intense sufi^erer. '"ily shins and thighs," he says, "first made an obtuse angle, then a right angle, and at last an acute one. Jly thighs and my body make another, and since m.v head bends over on m.y stomach, I am sluiped When the war with Russia broke out he was quite like a Z." In this plight and having to L'iven command of the Heavy Brigade and fired his first shot before Sebastopo] in 18.54. During the battle of Balaklava, on October 2.5th, Scarlett, receiving news of an attack from the Russians, moved on to Kadikoi, where he Was surprised by the enemy, 2000 strong. In earn his bread. Scarron was taken to Paris, and fr(jm 1645 to 1655 he wrote comedies and farces that made him for the moment the unquestioned leader in this field and also gave him intimate knowledge of the theatrical life of the time. Then in 1646 he refreshed his memories of i)rovincial order to save his" troops from annihilation. Scar- life at Le Mans and began to weave the comic as- lett led 300 of his men up the hill into the centre pects of province and stage into his Roiniiii co- of the Russian ranks, and, supported a little later mi'f/i/e (1651-57), many episodes of which have by 400 of the remaining squadrons, broke through both brilliancy and humor. Soon after the aj)-^ a'nd scattered their forces. Later in the day Lord pearance of the first volume (1651) Scarron pre-' Lucan prevented him from making a second charge with his brigade. It was on this occasion that the Light Brigade made its celebrated charge. Scarlett was promoted major-general and made K.C.B. for his services at Balaklava. In 1S55 he succeeded Lord Lucan as commandei» of the British cavalry in the Crimea and dia notalde work there breaking in the recruits. At the close pared to emigrate to America, but while recruit- ing colonists for that end he met illle. d'Aubigne. who had just returned thence empt.v of jnirse but full of wit and beaut.v. llingled sentiment and pit.v led to their marriage (1652), and there was no more thought of America. Under the care of her. who was to win the love of Louis XIV. as Madame de Maintenon, Scarron lived eight vears. of the war he was given the command of the editing a comic journal, writing dramas, a trav- .-Vldershot camp, which he retained mtil his re- esty of Vergil (1658), and eight remarkable tirement from active service in 1870. Tfouvelles mtuji-comiques (1659). which fur- SCARLET TANAGER, or Fike-Bird. See "'^'"'<1 '"O'l*"'* f«'" Moli^re's Tartufe and Harpa- Tanagek; and Colored Plate of Song Birds. SO", a plot for his EcoJe des femmes, and for __,__ ,,„ ... , , -,.,,,, Sedaine's Gaqeure hnprcvue. and a title for SCARP. I he interior slope of a ditch. See Beaumarchais's «or6icr rfc .SVri//e. Scanon's Fop.Tii-icA iTO.x ; Redouiit. popj,..^, ^uj jj,.3„,jj introduced Spanish and Italian SCARPA, skiir'pa. Antomio (1747-1832). An burlesque into France. His fiction did the same: Italian anatomist, born at Motta, near Treviso. but it marked also an advance in natural char- He was educated at Padua: in 1772 he was acter-drawing and in the technique of rapid appointed professor of anatomy in Modena, in narration. The jjopularity of the Romnn co- 1783 at Pavia. where in 1814 he became director mirjue was immediate and perennial. It was re- of the faculty of medicine. He became one of the peatedl.v reprinted and many times continued, greatest clinical surgeons in Europe. Perhaps licst by Oflfray. Good modern editions are by Scarpa's greatest achievement was to demon- Fournel (Paris, 1857) and France (ib., 1881).