Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/737

SCHREYEK. 667 SCHRODTER. chiefly Oriental subjects iu a style characterized by brilliant color etl'eets and strong dramatic action. He represents such subjects as the "Bat- tle of Temesvdr," "Arab Advance Guard," and "Cossacks in a Snow-Storm." He is especially a painter of horses, which he generally portrays in tiery action, their nostrils distended and numes flying in the wind. He at first resided at Frank- fort, but after a voyage to Algeria iu 18(il he settled iu Paris. He received gold nu'dals at Brussels (1803). and at Paris in lS(i4, ISli.j. and 1807. Most of the principal American collections possess examjjles of his work. SCHRIVER, shri'ver, Edmund (1812-0'J). An American soldier, born in York, Pa. He gradu- ated at West Point in 1833, entered the Second Artillery, and served against the Seniinoles iu 1839. in 1840 he resigned from the army and became treasurer of the Rensselaer and Sara- toga and other railroad companies. In 1801 he reentered the army as aide to Governor Jlorgan. From 1803 to 1805 he was inspector of the Army of the Potomac, and participated in the Shenan- doah and Xorthern Virginia campaigns, in the battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, and finally in the Richmond campaign. At tlie end of the war, during which he had risen to the grade of colonel and brevet major-general, he was appointed inspector of the Military Academy, which position he held from 1806 to 1871. He retired from active service in 1881. SCHROCKH, shrC-k, Joiiaxx Matthias (1733-1808). A German Church historian. He was born in Vienna, studied at Gottingen, be- came professor at Leipzig, 1762, and at Witten- berg, 1767. He is best known by his monu- mental Christliclie Eirchengeschiclite, 35 vols. (1708-1803), and Kirchengescttichte scit der Reformation, 10 vols. (1804-12), the last two volumes of which were added by H. Q. Tzschir- iier. He also published Allgenwine Biograpltie, 8 vols. (1707-91). and Lchensbeschreibiingcii he- riihmter Miinner (1789-91). Consult his Life by Tzschirner (Leipzig, 1812). SCHRODER, shre'der, Friedkicii L^D^^G (1744-1810). A noted German actor and drama- tist, born at Schwerin. He early became an actor and achieved great fame, especially in tragic roles. He became manager of the theatre at Ham- burg in 1771. His management was distinguished for the high artistic standard which he main- tained in his company and particularly for his introduction of several of Shakespeare's trage- dies to the German public, perhaps his own best role being that of Lear. His work as a dramatist consisted largely of adaptations from the Eng- lish. Consult his Dramntische WcrKc, with an in- troduction by Tieck ( Berlin, 1831 ) , and Litznumn, Fricdrich Ludtriff ficltroder (Hamburg. 1890-94). SCHRODER, Kakl (1838-87). A German g^'iia-cologist, Ijorn in Xeustrelitz and educated at Wiirzburg and Rostock. In Bonn he was as- sistant to Veit (1804-00) and docent, and in Erlangen he was from 1868 to 1876 professor and director of tlie lying-in hospital. From 1870 till his death he was professor in Berlin. He was a skillful and original operator, and the first to practice ovariotomy successfully in Germany. He wrote Lehrbuch der fleburt- shilfe (1870; revised by Olshausen and Veit) and Krankheiten der iceibliehen Oeschlechtsor- gane (1874; revised by Hotmeier). Vol. XVII.— 43. SCHRODER, Rakl (1848—). A German 'celli>t and cciinposer, born ut Quedlinburg. He studied with Drechsler ut Uessau and with Kiel at Berlin. In 1871 he luganized wi(h his three brothers the Schroder Quartet, liut in 1.S73 he was appointed lirst "cello in the Brunswick Court Orchestra, in 1874 solo 'cellist in the Gewunii- haus Orchestra at Leijjzig, and in 1881 became Court kapellmeister at Somlersliauscn. .After 1800 he conducted successively the Opera at Amsterdam, Berlin, and Hamburg. He wrote a three-act opera. Asjiasiu (18!I2), a one-act opera, Der Asket (1893), a method and f-tudes for the 'cello. — Alwin (185.5 — ). his brother, was born at Neuhaldensleben. lie received the a|)|iointmeut of first 'cello in Liebig's concert orchestra in 1875, occupied similar positions under Fliege and Laube at Hamburg, and in 1880 went to Leijjzig as assistant to his brother Karl, succeeding him in the (Je- wandhaus. In 1880 he went to Boston, where lie became a mendier of the Kneisel Quartet and first "cellist in the Boston Symphony Orchestra. SCHRODER,. Sophie (1781-1808). A German actress. She was born at Paderborn. the daughter of an actor named Biirger. She ap- peared on the stage when only twelve years old, at Saint Petersburg, where her mother was acting. In 1795 she married Stollmers, the director of a company at Reval, but was separated from him soon afterwards. Her second husband, to whom she was married in 1804, was the singer Friedrich Schrilder. He died in 1818, and she afterwards married the actor Kunst. She acted in all the principal the- atres in Germany, and acquired a great reputa- tion by her impersonations of Phi^dra, Medea, Lady Macbeth, and other tragic characters. She retired from the stage in 1840 ami resided then in Augsburg. Consult Schmidt, Kopliie Hchroder (Vienna, 1870). SCHRODER-DEVRIENT, dr-vryaN', WiL- HELMIXE (1SO4-001, A German dramatic so- prano. I)orn in Hamburg. She stvidied with Mazatti of Vienna, and in 1821 at emia sang the role of Pamina in The Mngic Fliilr. iu which her success was so great as to secure for her the part of Fidelio in 1822, in which role she won wide reputation. Although possessed of a magnificent voice, she was deficient in tech- nique, a fault which was usually lost sight of in the intensity of her acting. SCHRODTER, shrt'tf-r, Adolf (1805-75). A Geniian genre jiainter, engraver, and illustrator, born at Schwedt, Brandenburg. lie studied line engraving under Buckhorn. and painting tmdcr Schadow, principally at Diisseldorf, where he became the satirist of the school, riilicnling its sentimentality in humorous paintings, en- gravings, and lithographs. He designed scries of such subjects as Don Quixote. Miinchhausen. Till Eulenspief/el, Much Ado About Xothinr/. and il- lustrated a number of works, the best known of which is perhaps Detraold's Leben und Thtiirn dea Abpeordiirten Piepmeier (1848). Among his best known paintings are the "Wine Tasters" (1832), a "Rheiiisb Tavern Scene" (1833). "Don Qui.xote Studving Amadis" (1834). and "Fluel- len with Ensign Pistol" (1839), all in the Xational Gallery, Berlin, and "Faust in Auer- bach's Cellar" '(1848). He excelled in frieze- like compositions, of which a well-known example