Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/860

SENECA. 782 SENEGAL. wauting in speculative reach. The Apocolocyn- losis Divi Cltiitdi, usually ascribed to liini, is an ninusiug satire on the deceased Emperor Clau- dius; the word aiiocoloci/ntosis, •pumpkiiiifiea- tion,' is coined humorously for apotheosis, 'deifi- cation.' It is published in Biicheler's Pctroiiins (Berlin, 18S2), and edited by Ball (New York, in03). The larger works are edited by Haase (Leipzig, lSn3-!)5), and by Ilosius (ib., 180!)). The tragedies were edited by Hollze in the Tauch- nitz scries (ib., 1872). SENECA FALLS. A village in Seneca County, X. Y., 42 miles west of Syracuse; on the Seneca Kiver and the Seneca and Cayuga Canal, and on tlie New York Central and Hud- son River and the Lehigh Valley railroads (Map: Xew York, D 3). It has the Jlynderese Acad- emy, a public library, and the Johnson Home for Indigent Females. Cayuga Lake Park, three miles distant, is a summer resort of some prom- inence. Seneca Falls is situated in a rich farm- ing region, and manufactures pumps, hydraulic and foot power machinery, fire engines, liook and ladder trucks, woolen cloth, and advertising nov- elties. Seneca Falls was settled in 1791, and was incorporated in 1831. Population, in 1800. 6116; in 1900, 6.519. SENECA LAKE. The largest and deepest of the group of elongated lakes in west-central Kcw York (Map: New York, D 3). It is 37 miles long and from 1 to 4 miles wide, and its greatest depth is about 630 feet. Its shores are bold, and the .surrounding country is picturesque. It receives the waters of Kevd<a Lake, and dis- charges into Lake Ontario through the Seneca and Oswego Riers. It is navigated by steamers, and connected by canals with the Erie Canal and Chemung River. SENECIO, sene'shl-o. A genus of plants of the natural order Composit*. The species, of which nearly one thousand liave been described, are mostly herbs individually restricted in range, but genericallv of almost world-wide distril)ution, and especially abundant in temperate climates. Some species are used for fuel ; others were formerly reputed useful for wounds; several spe- cies, especially tienecio cineraria (dusty miller), Seiiecio mikanioidcs (Cape ivy), and Henecio ar- (iciileus (silvery senecio), are widely popular or- namcnfal plants. SENECTJ, s.a'n.'i-koo'. A village in Chihua- hua, jVIexico, on the south bank of the Rio Grande, about 7 miles below El Paso, occupied by a remnant of the Piro Indians (q.v.), a for- mer Pueblo tribe of New Mexico. Although the population is entirely Catholic and Spanisli is the ordinary language, the old tribal organization is still kept up, Avith a cacique, governor, war chief, and other olticers. The Seneefl retain also some degenerate Pueblo dances, with the Indian drum and rattle, together with the pottery art. the foot races, and rabbit hunts of their Pueblo kin- dred. One or two old persons yet remember some- thing of the language. Population, in 1903, about 60. SENEFELDER, zen'e-fgl'der, Aloys (1771- 1834). The inventor of lithography. He was born at Prague, Bohemia, but was early taken to Munich, where he became an actor. ' He then turned his attention to printing, and invented the process of printing from stone known as lithography (q.v.). After unsuccessful attempts to found establishments in Munich, Offenbach, and Vienna, he returned to JSlunich and ac- cepted the position of inspector of maps at the royal printing office, continuing his private es- tablishment as well. In 1826 he invented the process of lithographing in colors, and in 1833 perfected it so that he could print the colors on linen, thus imitating oil i)ainting. He wrote a Lehrbuch der Lithographie (1818), which was translated into French (1819) ; and Behandlung des Ueberdnicks aiif der kleinen lithographischen Eandpresse (1824). Consult: Nagler, Aloya Sencfelder und Simon Schmidt als Rivalen (Mu- nich, 1802) ; Pfeilschmidt, Aloys Senef elder (Dresden, 1877) ; Scamoni, Aloys Senef elder und seiii Werk (Saint Peter.sburg, 1896). SENEFFE, se-nef. A small village in the Province of Hainault, Belgium, 22 miles south- west of Brussels. The district has extensive manufactures of pottery and glass. Near by is the battlefield on which William of Orange, at the head of the force of the coalition against France, was defeated, after a bloody contest, by Conde, August 11, 1674. SENEGAL, sen'e-gal' (Fr. Senegal). A river of the French colony of Senegal, on the south- western border of the Sahara (Map Africa, C 3). Its principal headstream, the Bafing or Black River, rises in the mountains of Futa Jallon, near the sources of the Niger, and flows north till it is joined by the Bakhoi or White River, at Bafulal)e. The combined stream then flows generally northwestward and empties into the Atlantic Ocean^ at Saint Louis, 110 miles north of Cape Verde. It is the first per- ennial stream for a distance of 1300 miles south of Morocco, and marks the northern limit of the rain zone. Its length is about 1000 miles. The upper course forms during the wet season a series of rapids as it descends over rocky ledges which in the dry season are converted into dams seijarating the river into a series of reservoirs. Below the confluence of the headstreams the river descends from the plateau in the Falls of Guine and Felu, each about 50 feet high. In its lower course it flows through a narrow but low and level and very fertile alluvial plain, in which it frequently divides to form large elongated isl- ands which are flooded during high water. Near its mouth the river forms a large delta with nu- merous liranches. which, however, do riot enter the ocean directly, but flow into a long, narrow coast lagoon cut off from the sea by a bar of sand. Through the latter there is a shifting opening which is very difficult and dangerous to enter. The Senegal is navigable to the Felu Falls, and there is a regular service in the rainy season to Kays, 460 miles, whence a railroad has been built to Bafulabe and is being extended to Bam- maku on the Niger. The Faleme, the principal tributary, is also wide and deep, and navigable over 100 miles. Consult Ancelle, Les explorations ail Si'iicgal (Paris, 1887). SENEGAL. A French colony in West Africa, extending along the coast from Cape Blanco to the northern boundary of Portuguese Guinea, ex- cluding the British colony of Gambia (Map: Africa, C 3). In 1902 the part east of Kays, comprising the protected States along the upper Senegal and the Middle Niger, was detached from Senegal and was constituted a separate division