PUBLIC LAW 101-624—NOV. 28, 1990 104 STAT. 3729 "(2) to the Department of Commerce, $1,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991, 1992, and 1993; and "(3) to the Department of Interior, $1,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991, 1992, and 1993.". SEC. 1615. NATIONAL COMPETITIVE RESEARCH INITIATIVE. (a) INITIATIVE ESTABLISHED.— Subsection Qa) of section 2 of Public Law 89-106 (7 U.S.C. 450i) is amended— (1) by inserting "CoMPErmvE GRANTS. — (1)" after "(b)"; and (2) by striking the third sentence and all that follows and inserting the following new paragraphs: "(2) HIGH PRIORITY RESEARCH.— For purposes of this subsection, the term 'high priority research' means basic and applied research that focuses on both national and regional research needs (and methods to transfer such research to onfarm or inmarket practice) in— "(A) plant systems, including plant genome structure and function; molecular and cellular genetics and plant biotechnology; plant-pest interactions and biocontrol systems; crop plant response to environmental stresses; unproved nutrient qualities of plant products; and new food and industrial uses of plant products; "(B) animal systems, including aquaculture, cellular and molecular basis of animal reproduction, growth, disease, and health; identification of genes responsible for improved production traits and resistance to disease; improved nutritional performance of animals; and improved nutrient qualities of animal products, and uses, and the development of new and improved animal husbandry and production systems that take into account production efficiency and animal well-being, and animal systems applicable to aquaculture; "(C) nutrition, food quality, and health, including microbial contaminants and pesticides residues related to human health; links between diet and health; bioavailability of nutrients; postharvest physiology and practices; and improved processing technologies; "(D) natural resources and the environment, including fundamental structures and functions of ecosystems; biological and physical bases of sustainable production systems; minimizing soil and water losses and sustaining surface water and ground water quality; global climate effects on agriculture; forestry; and biological diversity; "(E) engineering, products, and processes, including new uses and new products from traditional and non-traditional crops, animals, b5T)roducts, and natural resources; robotics, energy efficiency, computing, and expert systems; new hazard and risk assessment and mitigation measures; and water quality and management; and "(F) markets, trade, and policy, including optional strategies for entering and being competitive in overseeus markets; new decision tools for onfarm and inmarket systems; choices and applications of technology; technology assessment; and new approaches to rural economic development. "(3) TYPES OF GRANTS.—In addition to making research grants under paragraph (1), the Secretary may conduct a program to improve research capabilities in the agricultural, food, and environ-
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