. \ ,, '. e · . ·. ARTICLES OF 6*0 Freedom of speech and debate an Congress shall not be tm ]$€*8t·ll€*d' or questioned in any court, or plaeeoutot Congress aenl the members of Q0ug@s_shall be protected in_ their -per sons from arrests and lmprisonmehts, during the timeof ·thei1 going to and from. and attendance on Congress, except fon treason, felony, all hreagh of the peace. . , ‘ Aaexctn VI. No State without the consent of the 'Unite< States in Gongress assembled, shall send any. embassy to, oa
receive any mlhassy from, or enter. into any eonferrence, agree
ment, alliance or treaty withany king prince ·0r-jstaté; nm
- shall any person holding any 0Qee of proilt or trust under the
Fniterl States, or any of them; accept of any present,,emo1u mentfomeir on title of any kind whatever from any king prince or foreign state: norfshall the United Statesrln Qon ' gmess assembled, or any of them,-.gra1it'any title of nobility. No ttvoor more States shall enterlnto any treaty, eonfedera tinn or alliance whatever between them, without the consen inf the- United States in Congress assembled,'spegifylng aeeu · rately the purposes·for· wnxmine same is t0.be entered into and haw long it shall continue. __ ,` _ __ . " “ .` _ No State shall lay any imlil0StS or duties,’which may inter ‘ · {ere with any stipul_a1tions.in treaties, entered. into by the , United States in Congress assembled, with any king, Qjrinei ‘ or mate, in pursuance 0; any treaties already proposed -b3 ”C0llgl’9S$,. to the eourts of Franee and ,Spa*in. ~ _ . » No, vessels of war shall be keptup in time of peace by an; State. except such number only, 85 shall be‘dee1_ned necessar; by the United States ln Congressinssembled, for the defend of such State, or its trade; nor shall any a body of forces b< kept up bye any ‘State,’ in· tjlile of peep?. €X¢€D¢ Slip}! ririmbel ‘ ~ only, as in the judgment ot the YUnited States, in ’Congres: amemhled, shall be` deemed "requlsite to garrison the fo1‘t=
necessary for the_defen<·e of such State; butevery State shalt
always keep_.up a-`w.qll regulated and disciplined militia, éntll clently armed and aécoutered, and shall provide and constantlg have rwdyjor Use, in puplic stores, ~a due `· numbeirof nélé pleees and tents, and a proper quantity of arms, ammunition andcatop eéuipage. ` _ No State shall engage in Yany war without the consent oz j the United_States in Congress. assembled, unless such State ” be actually invaded by enemies,,or shall have received cer , tain advice of a resolution being formed by some nation. os ” Indians to invade such State, and the danger is so lmmlnen as not to admit ot a dfelay. till the——United States in Congress ,`£—=eemhled can be consulted: nor shall any State grant com
mlmons to any ships or vessels of war, letters of marqug
4 or reprisal, except lt be aftw a declaration of war by the
Q United States ln Congress assembled, and then only againsw
et. the kingdom or state and the subjects thereof, against whlcl W war has been so declared., and under such regulations as shall he established by the United States in Coqgi·@a assembled , anime such State he by in whleh ease vw}: , ot war may be Btted out! for that wcaaion, and kept so long as the danger shall eontinue, or until the United States lt - Congress aaembled shall detexmine otherwise. . · ‘ l
VII. When land-threes are raised by any State fox
the eommon defence, all omcers ot or", under the rank .01 eolonel, shall be appointed by the Lglslature ot each State re:-=pectis·ely hy. whom such Totem shall be raised, or ln suck ‘n1anner as such State shall direct, and all vacancies shall he ll` Qlled by the State ·whlch~_¤rbt made the appointment Aaricu VIII. All charges of war, and all other eQe&s& tha1 shall be for the cbxnxnon detenee or general welfare e _ 1 and allewed by the Unltvik $t¤@$ ul C9¤ a$e1nbled, shall
u be detzjared hut of a eomznon treasury, which shall be supplied by the several States, in proportional to- the value of all land
within each State, grantee to or surveyed for any person, as well land and the building and improvements thereon shal li · l
lNI’EDERAT'ION—1'}’77 1848 P be estimated according to such, mode as the United States in L, Congress assembled, shall from time to time direct and appoint. ¤- _ _.'I‘he taxes for paying that .proportion'.sl1all be laid_ and levied l· by the atxtahorityand directloxi bf the Legislatures of the several r States within the tiirie agreed upon by the United States in “Co11gres§assembled. _ - ·‘ ’ · f “ _ 1* - AITKELE-IX. The United States in Congress assembledjshall ( r 'have the sole and-~e_xcluslve.-riéht audpower of determining (ju l·· peace and war, except ln the mentioned ·in the sixth rr article—-of 'sending _ and receiviug'amMssadors—en‘terin§ imo e· treaties. aud alliances,. provided that umtreaty of commerce t- slfall be made whereby [the. legislative power of the respective I, States shall be restralued f1·0m¢_ imposing, such lmposts em]
- ·" duties on foreigners, as their own ·peoplé‘·l_are subjected to, or
from prohibiting the ’ exportation or importation of ally Blléfies ·· ·6i' goods or commodities whatsoever-of establishing rules tor t_ deciding in all ·cases, what captures `ou lander water shall Z. be legal,‘1md in whgrtimanner pxjlzes. takeu by land or naval », forces in · the seiuice of- the United States shall be divided or .appropriatcd—»-of granting letters of marque and xeprisel ·· in times of peace——appoi1itiug courts for the trial, of piraeies e and felonies committed on the high seas and establishing courts e ·fo1·‘receiving. and determining dually apbwla in-all cases of V. captures, —provided that 'no- member of Congress shell be ap-. pointed a··judge`of·any ot the said courts. _ - ‘ » ’ - , V Y The United States in Qongress assembled shall also ‘be·tlle V ~· last resort on-_· appeal in all disputes aud dilfereuces now sube sisting oxfthait hereafter may arisebetween twQ_o1i_ more 5 smxgsyoueemlng bo¤¤¢¤¤'¥{ Jurisdiction orieny other cause r_ whatever; which, authority shall always.`be- exercised .iu the s “— maxme; following. Whenever the legislative Ol'; executive, au-, 5 thority or lawful ageuf O£_`&¤.Y_ SUNG ill w!1¢fQV¢1‘S¥°’-with 1 , another shallpreseut wpetitiou to Congrm§ §atiug the matter - in question. und Dfayillg for ¤‘ h¤h¤'i¤8.` ¤°U€€‘ *;¤¢i‘¢<>f·'Sl>¤*l V be given by' order~of Congress, to the legislatiye or executive I authority'of.the other Stateln coutioyersy, and a day assigued · 1` for the appearance of the parties by their lawful agents, who . shall then be directed, to appoint. by joiixt consent, commisf siouersh or judges to constitute .a court for hearing and de- »_ B termlnlng the matter in question; but it they cannot agiee, t- Cougressshall name three persons out of each of the Unglted Y States, and ‘·from" the` list of such persons each; betty shall E, alternately strike out one, the petitioners beginning, until the 5 nuihher shall be reduced to thirteen; and from that number . · not less `thilli seven, nor juore than nine names as Congress. 5 shall direct, shall ui the presence of Congnms be draw:) out by B" lot,·and the persons whose names shall be so drawn or any Q K jive of them, shall be comml@ouers or jmges, to` hear and, 1 `mlally determine the ·Cont;‘0verSy,‘ S0 UWQIS SS 8 1¤8I¤1’ NU 5 of the judges who shall hear the cause shall agree =iu the de- ,. V termination: sud lt either party ghall neglect. to attend at the l day appointed, withoufshowing reasons, which Oongrem shall 5 judge suhcieut, or being present shall refuse. to strike; the. ¤· Congress proceed to nominate three persons out ot each State, the Secretary of Gougrew shall strike in behalf F of such party absent or refusing; and the Eruogmeae, aud sen- F tence of the court to be appointed, in the manner before pre- 3 sc1jlbed,·sha11 be dual and coucluslye; and if any ot the parties l shall refuse to submit to the authority oi auch court, or to 2 appmr or defend their claim er cause, the court shall nevertheless proceed to pronounce sentence, or. judgment, which shall K ih like lmauuer be dual and decisive, the judgment or sentence . md other being either case trsmmitted to» l Cousrwi-.•.ud lodged einong the acts of for the se- I curity "ot the parties proqided that every Tcommisl sioner, bexore he site in judmeut, shall take an oath to be Q ddmlniétered Bj one of the judm of the eupreme or superior l court of the State whwe the cause shall be tried, *‘_we1l and
