PUBLIC LAW 95-372—SEPT. 18, 1978 Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331(a))), and is located on the Outer Continental Shelf, except that such term does not include (A) a vessel, or (B) a deepwater port (as the term "deepwater port" is defined in section 3(10) of the Deepwater Port Act of 1974 (33 U.S.C. 1502)); (9) "oil pollution" means— (A) the presence of oil either in an unlawful quantity or which has been discharged at an unlawful rate (i) in or on the waters above submerged lands seaward from the coastline of a State (as the term "submerged lands" is described in section 2(a)(2) of the Submerged Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1301(a) (2))), or on the adjacent shoreline of such a State, or (ii) on the waters of the contiguous zone established by the United States under Article 24 of the Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone (15 UST 1606); or (B) the presence of oil in or on the waters of the high seas outside the territorial limits of.the United States— (i) when discharged in connection with activities conducted under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331 etseq.); or (ii) causing injury to or loss of natural resources belonging to, appertaining to, or under the exclusive management authority of, the United States; or (C) the presence of oil in or on the territorial sea, navigable or internal waters, or adjacent shoreline of a foreign country, in a case where damages are recoverable by a foreign claimant under this title; (10) "United States claimant" means any person residing in the United States, the Government of the United States or an agency thereof, or the government of a State or a political subdivision thereof, who asserts a claim under this title; (11) "foreign claimant" means any person residing in a foreign country, the government of a foreign country, or any agency or political subdivision thereof, who asserts a claim under this title; (12) "United States" includes and "State" means the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Canal Zone, Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and any other territory or possession over which the United States has jurisdiction; (13) "oil" means petroleum, including crude oil or any fraction or residue therefrom; (14) "cleanup costs" means costs of reasonable measures taken, after an incident has occurred, to prevent, minimize, or mitigate oil pollution from such incident; (15) "damages" means compensation sought pursuant to this title by any person suffering any direct and actual injury proximately caused by the discharge of oil from an offshore facility or vessel, except that such term does not include cleanup costs: (16) "person in charge" means the individual immediately responsible for the operation of a vessel or offshore facility; (17) "claim" means a demand in writing for a sum certain; (18) "discharge" means any emission, intentional or unintentional, and includes spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emptying, or dumping;
92 STAT. 671
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