produced in an emended form. He advised, therefore, a republication after correction, with a preface stating that in the first edition various errors, typographical and other, had, through haste, crept in. Thus, says Bellarmine, he did Pope Sixtus good in return for evil. For Sixtus placed Bellarmine's work on Controversies upon the Index of Prohibited Books, because it rejected the direct dominion of the Pope over the whole world. But, when Pope Sixtus was dead, the Congregation of Sacred Rites ordered the prohibition of Bellarmine's work to be erased.[1]
The theories of Roman theologians made great advances in the sixteenth century. But it is curious to note that some of the most extreme are yet considered inadequate and defective by papal writers since the Vatican Decrees. Torquemada was a theologian devoted to the enhancement of the Apostolic See.[2] For him the plenitude of power existed in the Pope alone. Was it not written there shall be one fold and one shepherd? For him all the other Apostles derived their jurisdiction from St Peter. And, accordingly, all Bishops derive their jurisdiction immediately from the Pope, and not from Christ. But notwithstanding all this, Torquemada does not come up to Ultramontane requirements. The German infallibilist, Schwane, is not satisfied with him as an advocate of Papal Infallibility.
"Infallibility of the Pope," says Schwane, "could not be passed over in silence by a papal theologian as eminent as Torquemada. Nevertheless, he has not realised this doctrine in all its purity."[3]
