Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute/Volume 29

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4152661Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute — Volume 29

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE

TRANSACTIONS

AND

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE,

1896

VOL. XXIX.

(Twelfth of New Series)

EDITED AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE INSTITUTE

By

SIR JAMES HECTOR, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S.

Director

Issued June, 1897.

WELLINGTON:

JOHN MACKAY, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

KEGAN, PAUL, TRENCH, TRÜBNER & CO., PATERNOSTER HOUSE,
CHARING CROSS ROAD, LONDON

CONTENTS.

TRANSACTIONS.

I.—Miscellaneous.
			PAGES.
Art.	I.	Traces of Civilization: An Inquiry into the History pages of the Pacific. By Joshua Rutland. Communicated by E. Tregear, F.R.G.S.	1–51
	II.	An Investigation into the Rates of Mortality in New Zealand during the Period 1881–91. By C. E. Adams, B.Sc, A.I.A., F.S.S., Lecturer on Applied Mathematics, Lincoln College	52–60
	III.	Australasian Weather-charts and New Zealand Storms. By Major-General Schaw, R.E., C.B.	61–71
	IV.	A Comparison between the Animal Mind and the Human Mind. By Charles W. Purnell	71–82
	V.	A Phase of Hypnotism. By Edward Tregear	83–94
	VI.	Kerns and Serifs. By R. Coupland Harding	95–99
	VII.	On Fires in Coal-ships: Their Causes and Prevention. By J. C. Firth	100–111
	VIII.	Presidential Address. By W. T. L. Travers, F.L.S.	111–129
	IX.	Presidential Address. By the Rev. William Colenso, F.R.S., F.L.S.	129–150
	X.	The Maoris To-day and To-morrow. By H. Hill, B.A., F.G.S.	150–162
	XI.	On the Poua and Other Extinct Birds of the Chatham Islands. By Taylor White	162–168
	XII.	Notes from Murihiku. By A. Hamilton	169–178

II.–Zoology.
	XIII.	Notes on the Ornithology of New Zealand. By Sir Walter L. Buller, D.Sc., K.C.M.G., F.R.S.	179–207
	XIV.	The Stenopelmatidæ of New Zealand. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.R.S.	208–242
	XV.	Note on the Mantis found in New Zealand. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.R.S., Curator of the Canterbury Museum	242–243
	XVI.	On Two New Globe-fish. By F. E. Clarke	243–250
	XVII.	Notes on the Occurrence of a Species of Lophotes on the Coast of Taranaki. By F. E. Clarke	251–252
	XVIII.	Notes on certain Species of New Zealand Ducks. By W. W. Smith, F.E.S.	252–256
	XIX.	On Virgularia gracillima in Lyttelton Harbour. By Arthur Dendy, D.Sc, F.L.S., Professor of Biology in the Canterbury College, University of New Zealand	256–257
	XX.	Notes on New Zealand Land Planarians: Part III. By Arthur Dendy	258–264
	XXI.	The Lizards (Lacertilia) indigenous to New Zealand. By A. H. S. Lucas, M.A., B.Sc., and C. Frost, F.L.S. Communicated by Captain F. W. Hutton	264–280
	XXII.	Notes on the Cicadas of New Zealand. By A. T. Potter	280–282
	XXIII.	Descriptions of Two New Species of Lepidoptera. By E. F. Hawthorne	282–283
	XXIV.	Described Species of New Zealand Araneæ omitted from the Catalogue of 1891, "Transactions of the New Zealand Institute." By A. T. Urquhart	284
	XXV.	Natural History Notes. By S. H. Drew, Curator of the Public Museum, Wanganui. Communicated by Sir J. Hector	284–287
	XXVI.	On Formol for Preservation of Natural History Specimens. By S. H. Drew	288–290
	XXVII.	On some Tick-parasites of the Kiwi. By W. M. Maskell	290–293
	XXVIII.	Further Coccid Notes: with Descriptions of New Species, and Discussion of Points of Interest. By W. M. Maskell, Registrar of the University of New Zealand, Corr. Mem. Roy. Soc. of South Australia	293–331

III.–Botany.
	XXIX.	On the Flora of the North Cape District. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S., F.Z.S., Curator of the Auckland Museum	333–385
	XXX.	Notice of the Establishment of Vallisneria spiralis in Lake Takapuna, together with some Remarks on its Life-history. By T. F. Cheeseman	386–390
	XXXI.	On some Plants new to the New Zealand Flora. By T. F. Cheeseman	390–393
	XXXII.	An Account of the Plants growing at "The Gums," Taita. By T. Mason	393–412
	XXXIII.	Notes on the Occurrence of Kauri-gum in the Kahikatea Forest at Turua. By L. J. Bagnall	412–413
	XXXIV.	A Description of some New Indigenous New Zealand Forest Ferns. By the Rev. W. Colenso, F.R.S., F.L.S.	414–421
	XXXV.	Supplement to List of Flowering-plants indigenous to Otago. By D. Petrie, M.A., F.L.S.	421–422
	XXXVI.	Note on Gunnera ovata, Petrie. By D. Petrie	422–424
	XXXVII.	Descriptions of New Native Plants. By D. Petrie	425–426
	XXXVIII.	A Modern Chapter in Vegetable Physiology. By D. Petrie	427–441
	XXXIX.	On New Zealand Mosses. By T. W. Naylor Beckett, F.L.S.	441–445
	XL.	Notes on several Species of Delesseria, One being New. By Robert M. Laing, B.Sc.	446–450
	XLI.	New Zealand Musci: Notes on the Genus Dicranum, with Description of New Species, including Some Doubtful Species of Blindia. By Robert Brown	451–465
	XLII.	Notes on the New Zealand Musci, and Descriptions of New Species. By Robert Brown	465–477
	XLIII.	Further Notes on the New Zealand Musci: Genus Trichostomum, with Descriptions of Some New Species. By Robert Brown	478–490
	XLIV.	On the Disappearance of the New Zealand Bush. By the Rev. P. Walsh	490–496
	XLV.	Description of a New Genus of Gramineæ. By T. Kirk, F.L.S.	497
	XLVI.	Remarks on Paratrophis heterophylla, Bl. By T. Kirk	498–500
	XLVII.	On Carmichaelia, Corallospartmm, Huttonella, and Notospartium. By T. Kirk	501–509
	XLVIII.	Notes on the Botany of the East Cape District. By T. Kirk	509–532
	XLIX.	On the History of Botany in Otago. By T. Kirk	532–540

IV.–Geology.
	L.	The Moas of the North Island of New Zealand. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.R.S., Curator of the Canterbury Museum	541–557
	LI.	On the Leg-bones of Meionornis from Glenmark. By Captain F. W. Hutton	557–560
	LII.	On Two Moa-skulls in the Canterbury Museum. By Captain F. W. Hutton	561–564
	LIII.	On Alterations in the Coast-line of the North Island of New Zealand. By C. F. Maxwell	564–567
	LIV.	On Artesian Water Prospects in Poverty Bay and Gisborne. By H. Hill, B.A., F.G.S.	567–571
	LV.	On a Volcanic-dust Shower in Napier. By H. Hill	571–572

V.—Chemistry.
	LVI.	On the Bromine Method of Estimating Sulphur in Gaseous Compounds. By Dr. W. P. Evans	573
	LVII.	Refraction and Reflexion of x-rays. By Dr. W. P. Evans	573–574
	LVIII.	On the Position that Cyanogen holds in Relation to the Simple Radicals, and its Inability to combine directly with Silver or Gold. By William Skey, Analyst to the Department of Mines	574–576
	LIX.	Further Results showing that Free Cyanogen does not dissolve or even attack Gold. By William Skey	576–581
	LX.	On the Conductivity of certain Substances hitherto supposed to be Non-conducting for Voltaic Electricity. By William Skey	581–582
	LXI.	On the Oxidation of Mercury in Air and Water; also of Iron in Alkaline Solution. By William Skey	582–588
	LXII.	Notes on some Experiments with Chemical Manures. By W. F. Worley	588–590



NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE.
Twenty-eighth Annual Report			593–595
Accounts for 1895–96			595



PROCEEDINGS.

WELLINGTON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
Resolution regarding the late Hon. R. Pharazyn, M.L.C., and the late Mr. C. R. Carter			602
On the Brunner Mine Disaster. By Sir J. Hector			602–603
List of Exhibits			603
Exhibit of Drawings of Lepidoptera. By G. V. Hudson			607
Notes on Moa-bones in Gold-drift. By Sir J. Hector			607–608
Notes on the Vegetable Caterpillar. By C. Fitton. Communicated by G. V. Hudson			608–609
Nomination of Elector of Governors of the New Zealand Institute			610
Nomination of Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute			610
Congratulations to Mr. Tregear			611
Election of a Governor of the New Zealand Institute			612
Election of Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute			612
Remarks on the Preservation of Ancient Maori Records. By Sir J. Hector			612
Remarks on a Specimen of Osmium-iridium from Parapara. By Sir J. Hector			613
Note on a Rain of Blood in Australia. By Sir J. Hector			613
Abstract of Annual Report			613
Election of Officers for 1897			613
On Volcanic and Seismic Phenomena. By H. C. Field			615

AUCKLAND INSTITUTE.
On Fluorescence. By Professor F. D. Brown			616
Notice of the Occurrence of Diadema nerina in the Waikato. By S. T. Seddon			616–617
On South Africa. By F. G. Ewington			617
On Carlyle. By Professor C. W. Egerton			617
The Narcissus: Its History, Varieties, and Cultivation. By Professor A. P. Thomas, F.L.S.			618
A Month with the Maori. By Professor H. W. Segar			618
On Anti-toxins. By Dr. S. Roberton			618
Abstract of Annual Report			618–621
Election of Officers for 1897			621

PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE OF CANTERBURY.
List of Exhibits			622
The Historical Development of Domestic Art. By S. Hurst Seager, A.R.I.B.A.			622
On the Sulphur in the Christchurch Gas. By Dr. W. P. Evans			623
The French Miracle Plays. By Professor Michell-Clarke			623
The Behaviour of Solids under High Intensity of Stress. By Professor R. J. Scott, M.A.			623
Water Filtration. By Dr. W. H. Symes			623
The Improvement of Wild Flowers by Artificial Selection. By L. Cockayne			623
Synonymic List of New Zealand Lepidoptera. By R. W. Fereday			624
Order in the Irregularity in the Periodic Law. By Professor Bickerton			624
On the Cosmic Importance of Helium and other Light Gases. By Professor Bickerton			624
Abstract of Annual Report			624–625
Election of Officers for 1897			625
Presidential Address: On some Recent Progress in Biology. By Professor Dendy			625

OTAGO INSTITUTE.
Resignation and Election of an Officer			626
On the Electric Discharge and Rontgen Photographic Rays. By Professor Shand			626
Report on the Establishment of a Fish-hatching Station			626
Note on a Specimen of Orthagoriscus mola. By Professor Parker			627
Remarks on a Proposed Fish-hatchery. By G. M. Thomson			627
Review of the Theories that have been advanced to account for the Occurrence of Gold in Auriferous Lodes. By J. R. Don, D.Sc.			627
On Fire-raising by Friction. By C. W. Adams			628
On a Piece of Aztec Statuary representing the Sacrifice of a Human Victim. By Dr. Hocken			628
Remarks on a Skeleton of Harpagornis. By Professor Parker			628
Account of the Work and Aims of the International Seismological Committee			628
Grant made to the Timaru Seismological Station			628
The Rise and Growth of the New Zealand Constitution. By Dr. Hocken			628
Resolution regarding the late Baron Sir F. von Mueller			628
Remarks on Fossils from St. Bathan's. By G. M. Thomson			628–629
Remarks on Additions to the Museum. By Professor Parker			629
Notes on the Birds of the Waitati Valley. By Alexander Wilson, M.A.			629
A List of Species of Polyzoa collected in Various Parts of New Zealand. By A. Hamilton			629
Notes on a Deposit of Moa-bones at Macrae's. By A. Hamilton			629
Abstract of Annual Report			629–630
Election of Officers for 1897			630
Remarks on Additions to the Museum collected in Sydney. By Professor Parker			630
Presidential Address. By A. Hamilton			630

HAWKE'S BAY PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE.
Proposal to endow the Museum			631
On Fire, with Remarks on Native Methods of producing Fire. By the Rev. W. Colenso			631
The Victoria regia Lily. By the Rev. W. Colenso			631
On some Common Shells of the Napier Beach. By F. Hutchinson			631
Arctic Adventure and Theories. By H. Hill, B.A., F.G.S.			631
Exhibit of New Zealand Lepidoptera by Mr. Norris			631
John Rutherford, the Pakeha-Maori. By Taylor White			632
New Lights on Old Egypt. By T. C. Moore, M.D.,			632
Exhibit of New Zealand Coleoptera by Mr. Norris			634
University Extension in New Zealand. By H. Hill, B.A., F.G.S.			632
Note on the Poua and other Extinct Birds of the Chathams. By Taylor White			632
Rats nesting in Trees. By Taylor White			633
Further Notes on the New Zealand Dog. By Taylor White			633
Curious Articles of Vegetable Food, and the Modes of Cooking in Use by the Maoris. By the Rev. W. Colenso			633
Abstract of Annual Report			633
Election of Officers for 1897			633

WESTLAND INSTITUTE.
Abstract of Annual Report			681
Election of Officers for 1897			634

NELSON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
Notes on the Fauna, Flora, and Geology of West Wanganui. By R. I. Kingsley			635
List of Exhibits			635
Abstract of Annual Report			635
Election of Officers for 1897			635
Notes of a Journey to the Southern Islands. By E. Lukins			635
List of Exhibits			636
List of Additions to the Museum			636


APPENDIX.

Meteorological Statistics for 1896			639
Notes on the Weather for 1896			640
Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1896			641
Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute			642
Ordinary Members of the New Zealand Institute			643–651
Institutions and Individuals to whom this Volume is presented			652–656
Alphabetical Index			657–661

Contents			v.–x.
List of Plates			xi.
Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute			xiii.
Abstract of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute			xiii.–xv.
Roll of Incorporated Societies			xvi.
Officers of Incorporated Societies, and Extracts from the Rules			xxvi.–xix.

LIST OF PLATES.

Note.—These are placed together at the end of the volume.

	Author	SEE PAGE
Plate I.	Adams.—Diagram showing Mortality in New Zealand	52
II.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	52
III.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	52
IV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	52
V.	Schaw.—Diagrams of Cyclones and Anti-cyclones	61
VI.	Hamilton.—Maori Curiosities	177
VII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	177
VIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	177
IX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	178
X.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	178
XI.	Buller.—Anas chlorotis, with a crest	201
XII.	Hutton.—Stenopelmatidæ	241
XIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	241
XIV.	Clarke.—Tetrodon gillbanksii	245
XV.	{{{1}}}„ Tetrodon cheesemanii	248
XVI.	{{{1}}}„ Lophotes	251
XVII.	Maskell.—Tick-parasites of the Kiwi	293
XVIII.	{{{1}}}„ Coccids	330
XIX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	330
XX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	330
XXI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	331
XXII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	331
XXIII.	Cheeseman.—Map of North Cape District	333
XXIV.	Beckett.—New Zealand Mosses	445
XXV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	445
XXVI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	445
XXVII.	Laing.—Delesseria	450
XXVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	450
XXIX.	Brown.—New Zealand Mosses—Dicranum	463
XXX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	463
XXXI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	464
XXXII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	464
XXXIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	464
XXXIV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	465
XXXV.	{{{1}}}„ New Zealand Mosses—Campylopus	476
XXXVI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	476
XXXVII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	477
XXXVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	477
XXXIX.	{{{1}}}„ New Zealand Mosses—Trichostomom	488
XL.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	488
XLI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	489
XLII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	489
XLIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	489
XLIV.	Kirk.—Simplicia laxa	497
XLV.	{{{1}}}„Paratrophis heterophylla	500
XLVI.	{{{1}}}„Paratrophis heterophylla var. elliptica	500
XLVII.	Hutton.—Moa Remains	557
XLVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	557