RAEMAKERS, LOUIS (1869-), Dutch cartoonist, was born at Roermond, Holland, April 6 1869. He received his education in art at various schools, and finally at Amsterdam, where he obtained several prizes. He subsequently became director of an art school at Wageningen, in Gelderland. About 1908 he started drawing political cartoons, but it was not until the outbreak of war in 1914 that his work attained world-wide reputation, by his anti-German cartoons, illustrative of the devastation of Belgium and Northern France. Many special exhibitions of his war cartoons were held, and his work had a great effect as propaganda. Several volumes of his work have been published: The Great War in 1916; The Great War in 1917; Devant l'Histoire (1918); Cartoon History of the War (1919).