A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature/גזר - גזרתא
וכ׳ למיגזור had a case, when he was to have his son. .. cir- cumcised (on a Sabbath). Y. Meg. I, 72b bot. וג׳ אזל he(An- toninus) went and had himself circumcised; (Y. Snh. X, 29c גרמיה וגייר); Koh. R. to IX, 10 גזיר הוה was circum- cised; a. fr. -- 3) to decree; to enact a prohibition as a precautionary measure, to prohibit, guard. Targ. Jobo XXII, 28; a. e. Targ. Is. XXI, 17 כן גזיר it is so decreed. -- Ab. Zar. 36a וכ׳ וגזור אינהו ואתי and they came and for. bade (gentile bread &c.) even in the field. Sabb. 14a טומאה . . . ביה גורי declared him unclean. -- Ib. 53b ולא וכ׳ דילמא גזרינן and we do not prohibit it (from fear) lest he may &c. Ab. Zar. 38b הא אטו הא גזרינן we may forbid one thing in order to ward off from another thing; a. v. fr. V. גזרה. thpe. אתגזר, אתגזיר 1) to be cutof. Targ. Job XVIII, 14; a. e. -- Ms. מתגייר׳; h. text יתמלל׳. Targ. Ps. LVIII, 8 (Var. מתגורר׳). -- 2) to be decreed. Targ. Koh. VIII, 4;
גזר m., constr. גזר (גזר) decree, דין גזר sentence, legal decision, divine dispensation. Keth. 8b ד׳ ג׳ לו נחתם אפי׳ וכ׳ של even if a divine decree granting seventy years of happiness were sealed to him; Sabb. 33a. Lev. R. s. 26 ד׳ ג׳ ובלי שטר בלי without a note of indebtedness and without a judicial verdict. Ibe דין גזר כמה, corr. גזרי דינין. -- Y. Snh. III, 21d top ד׳ ׳ ליה עבדון the court passes sentence over him; a. fr. -- Pl. דינין גזרי, גיז׳. Lev. R.l. c. Y. M. Kat. III, 82a bot. (expl. ב״ד גזירות, Mish. III, 3) ׳ גי׳ אילו that means judicial verdicts.
גזר (גיזר), גזיר m. (גזר) piece (of wood), log, club. Y. Shebi. IX, 39a top; Y. Shek. VI, end, 50b אחד גי׳ מביא he may offer one log; (Bab. ed. Var. גזיר). -- Pl. גזרין, גיזרין, גזירין. Tam. II, 3. Yoma II, 5 עצים גזירי; Y. Shebi. l. c.; Y. Shek. l. c. גיזירי (corr. acc.); Bab. ed. גזרי. Tosef. Kel. B. Kam. I, 6 בגזי׳ מוחו את פצעין they split his scull with clubs; Snh. IX, 6 בגזי׳ Mish.; ib. 82b בגי׳; Taan. 18b בגיז׳; (Sifra Emor Par. 8, ch. IX בבקעיות, v. בקעת); Koh. R. to III, 17 בגזי׳; a. e.
גזרא,, גיזרא I ch. 1) same, piece; club. B. Kam. 81b דפרזלי ג׳ (Ms. H. a. F. גזירי, R. גיזרי), v. גזר. - Pl. גזי׳, גזרין, גזרי, ניז׳ (v. preced.). Targ. I Kings III, 25 ׳ לתרין (ed. Lag. only לתרין) into two pieces (h. text לשנים). -- 2) what is to be cut (h. ערלה). Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 23, v. גזר. -- 3) (cmp. זרה) a guard. Sabb. 54b לגי׳ ליה דעבדו (a strap on the foot of the ass) which is put on him as a guard (against knocking the feet against one another).
גזרא, גיזרא II m. (cmp. h. גודרות) sheep in folds, fold, flock. Targ. Prov. XXX, 31 גיז׳ בית Ms. (ed. גיורא) between the flock. -- Pl. constr.גזרי. Targ. IKings XX, 27 (h. text חשיפי).
*גזראי m. pl. (גזר) persecutors (v. גזרה). Targ. Y. u eur. YXXII, 35.
גזרה, גיזרה f. (b. h.; גזר) enclosure; balcony. Ohol. XIV, ,, v. גזוזטרא; Y. Shebi. III, 34c bot., v. גבלית. - Pl. (from גזרית) גזריות. Ohol. VIII, 2 Mish. (Talm. ed. גזיריות, Ar. גזוזטראות, R. Hal Gaon גיזראות, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. II, p. 264, note 3). -- 2) (cmp. גזית a. גזיר) hewn stone block. Pesik. Aniya p. 135b (ref. to גזרתם ספיר, Loam. IV, 7,. v. Bub. note 24) וכ׳ וג׳ ג׳ כל every block which will be placed in the future Jerusalem, will be as handsome as sapphire; Yalk. Is. 339 גזירה; Lam. R. to l. c. גזירה כל וכ׳ שהיתה וגזי׳ every stone block in Jerusalem was as hard as sapphire.
גזרה, גזירה f. (b. h.; גזר) 1) a sccluded and narrow place, dale, precimice. Yoma 67b ג׳ תל שבצוק ומנין and how do we know that the place (Azazel) must be precipi- tous? We read g'zerah (Lev. XVI, 22); Sifra Ahare Par. 2, ch. II. Gen. R. s. 98, beg. לג׳ ואיזה לשם איזה which (goat) for the Lord and which for the precipice. --- 2) decree, edict, divine dispensation; (in an evil sense) persecution by foreign governments. Sifra l. c. ch. VI, Par. 5 מלך גזרת יהא יכול lest you may think it is a royalb ordinance (the reason of which is not known); v. vers. in Yalk. Lev. 576. Num. R. s. 19 גזרתי על . . . גזרתי ג׳ I have decreed it, thou art not permitted to trans- gress my decreet(though knowingno reason). -R.Hash. 18b המלכות גזדת (Ms. M. שמד) political persecution. Sabb. 145b to reflect וכ׳ אביא קשה ג׳ איזו what hard dispen- sation to send them; a. fr. -- 3) a rabbinical enactment issued as a guard (v. גדר), preventive measure; in gef. prohibition, restriction. B. Bath. 60b, a. e. גוזרין אין וכ׳ על ג׳ we must not impose a restriction on the public which the majority can not endure. Bets. 2b, a. fr. משום ג׳ וכ׳ it is prohibited in order to prevent &c. Ib. 3a לנ׳ ג׳ a guard to a guard, i. e. a preventive measure enacted in order to prevent the violation of another preventive measure; a. fr. -- Pl. גזרות, גזירות. B. Bath. l. c. רעות ׳ וקשות Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) bad and severe enactments(persecutions). Sabb. 30a Moses, our tteacher ג׳ כמה גזר issued so many restrictions. Macc. 24a ארבע וכ׳ גזר ג׳ four hardships did Moses pronounce over Israel. Erub. 21b וכ׳ עצמי על גזרתי ג׳ הרבה many re- strictions did I (Israel) impose upon myself beyond those which thou (the Lord, in the Torah) &c. Pes. 87b, v. אדם; a. fr. -- M. Kat. III, 3, v. גזר. --) (ogics) category, esp. שוה ג׳ G'eerah shavah, an equal or identic category, i. e. an analogy between two laws established on the basis of verbal congruities in the texts, e. g. Pes. 66a, וכ׳ בפסח מועדו נאמר the Passover law contains the word moado (due season, Num. IX, 2) and the law concerning the daily sacrifices uses the same word (ib. XXVIII, 2); as the word moddo in the latter indicates that it applies also to the Sabbath day (superseding the ordinary Sabbath law concerning labor), so does it in the former intimate that it supersedes the Sabbath law (if the eve of Pass- over occurs on a Sabbath). Ib. מעצמו ג״ש דן אדם אין you cannot establish an analogy from congruent ex- pressions of your own accord, i. e. it must be authorized by tradition that the verbal congruity is applied to a certain analogy and no other. -- Y. Yeb. XI, 11d top שבאת במקום ג״ש an analogy can be drawn wherever it occurs, i. e. a textual analogy once established must be carried through all details; ib. VIII, 9c bot. במקום ג״ש