1365465Atharva-Veda SamhitaBook VI, Hymn 53William Dwight Whitney

53. For protection: to various gods.

[Bṛhachukra.—nānādāivatam. trāiṣṭubham: 1. jagatī.]

Found also in Pāipp. xix., and in other texts as noted under the several verses. Kāuç. uses the hymn (31. 9) in a remedial rite against boils etc.; also, in the kāmya rites (59. 28), with worship of heaven and earth, when valuables are lost; and in the savayajñas (66. 2), with v. 10, vii. 67, in a response; and, according to the comm. (the pratīka might also designate xii. i. 53), in the medhājanana ⌊10. 20⌋, with vi. 108, to accompany the partaking of some dish (milk-rice, comm.) and worshiping the sun. And vs. 2 occurs in the godāna ceremony (54. 2), with vii. 67, with wiping (the razor, comm.) thrice; and vs. 3 in the upanayana (55. 20), with vii. 97. 2, on releasing a cow. In Vāit., vs. 2 is employed in the agniṣṭoma (11. 15), near the beginning of the ceremony; and vs. 3 twice in the parvan sacrifice (4. 8, 17), once with the patnīsaṁyāja offerings, and once as the sacrificer strokes his face with his wetted hands.

Translated: Ludwig, p. 506; Griffith, i. 274.


1. Let both the sky now and the earth, forethoughtful—let the bright (çukrá) great one, by the sacrificial gift, rescue (pṛ) me; let the svadhā́ favor (anu-ci) [me, let] Soma, Agni; let Vāyu protect us, [let] Savitar and Bhaga.

For the embarrassing ma idám in a, Ppp. reads simply , which is better. TB., in its version of the verse (namely of a, b, c, ii. 7. 82, 162: each has a different d) has tvā instead, and inserts it again before pipartu; it also reads prácetasā at end of a, and bṛhád dákṣiṇā in b. "The bright one" is doubtless soma; the comm. explains it as sūrya, and to dakṣiṇayā supplies diçā. ⌊Cf. Bloomfield's remark on b at AJP. xvii. 409.⌋ The combination anu-ci, elsewhere unknown, must be the equivalent of anu-jñā or anu-man (the comm., anujānātu). Three of the pādas are triṣṭubh, but a has 13 syllables unless we contract me ’dam.


2. Again let breath, again let soul (ātmán) come unto us; again let sight, again let spirit (ásu) come unto us; let Vāiçvānara, our unharmed body-protector, stand between [us and] all difficulties.

Compare TA. ii. 517, MS. i. 2. 3, Āp. x. 18. 3, all of which have a different (and TA. a much longer) enumeration in a, b, with the verb ā́ ’gāt 'hath come.' In c, MS. and Āp. omit nas, TA. reads instead me; in d, for antás tiṣṭhāti, TA. and Āp. have áva bādhatām, MS. ápa b-. Ppp. agrees nearly with MS. by reading in a punar manaḩ punar āyur na mā ”gaṅ; in c it has adbhutas for adabáhas; its d is antas tiṣṭhāsi duritād avadyāt; and it combines tanūpāntas.⌋ ⌊Cf. also MGS. 1. 3. 2 and p. 152, s.v. punar me; and MB. i. 6. 34.⌋


3. We have become united with splendor, with fatness (páyas), with bodies (tanū́), with propitious mind; let Tvashṭar make for us here wider room; let him smooth down what of our body is torn apart.

This verse is found also in many other texts, its first half generally without variation; only PB. (i. 3. 9: this half-verse alone) has tapobhis for tanūbhis at end of a. VS. (ii. 24 et al.) has for c, d: tváṣṭā sudátro vi dadhātu rā́yó ‘nu mārṣṭu tanvò yád víliṣṭam, and the rest follow this rather than our text; only TA. (ii. 4. 1) has no átra in c, and TS. (i. 4. 44) no átra várivaḥ kṛṇotu; MS. (i. 3. 38 et al.) and ÇÇS. (iv. 11. 6) add nas (like AV.) after ánu in d, and MS. ends with víriṣṭam (TS., of course, has tanúvas). Ppp. has, in c, sudatro varivaṣ kṛ-, differing from all. The comm. renders anu mārṣṭu by hastena çodhayatu. ⌊Cf. von Schroeder's Tübinger Kaṭha-hss., p. 72.⌋