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Chaucer's Works (ed. Skeat) Vol. VI/GlossaryBC

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Glossary Fragments B & C
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1519028Chaucer's Works (ed. Skeat) Vol. VI — Glossary Fragments B & CGeoffrey Chaucer

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GLOSSARY TO FRAGMENTS B AND C OF THE ROMAUNT OF THE ROSE.

FRAGMENT B = ll. 1706-5810.

FRAGMENT C = ll. 5811-7698.

The following Glossary is separated from the preceding because Fragments B and C of the Romaunt are not by Chaucer. See, on this point, the Introduction to Vol. i.

Fragment B abounds in Northern words and forms; some of these are particularly pointed out. Words in Fragment C have 'C' prefixed to the number of the line.

In this Glossary, proper names are included, being few in number.

A, v. (to) have, 4322. See note.

Abandoun: in abandoun, fully, without stint, 2342.

Abawed, pp. amazed, 3646; Abawid, 4041. See Abaved, at p. 2.

Abaysshed, pp. cast down, 3370.

Abbatis (for Abbats), pl. abbots, 2694.

Abbesse, s. abbess, C 6350; Abbesses, pl. C 6861.

A-begging, C 6719, 6726.

Abey, v. (for Abeye), suffer (for it), pay (for it), C 6713. See Abye.

Abiding, s. delay, 2222.

Abit, s. habit, dress, religious dress, 4914, C 6159, 6167, 7274; Abite, C 6356.

Abit, Abood; see Abyde.

Abood, s. delay, C 7697.

Aboundaunce, s. abundance, C 6528.

Aboven, adv. in luck, 4352.

Abraide, v. start up, break forth, 5156; Abraid, 1 pt. s. awoke, 1806; Abreyde, pt. s. broke out, 3967.

Abrede, adv. abroad, 2563.

Absente, pr. s. subj. abstain, refrain, 4911.

Absolucioun, s. absolution, C 6410; Absolucion, C 7698.

Abstene, v. refl. refrain, keep away, C 7555.

Abstinaunce, Abstinence, C 5848, 7356; Abstinence, C 7673.

Abstinence-Streyned, i.e. Constrained Abstinence (personified), C 6341, 7366.

Abyde, ger. to await, 4910; v. expect, 5329; watch for, 4913; Abyde, 1 pr. s. abide, wait for, 1978; Abyden, 1 pr. pl. C 7155; Abit, pr. s. dwells, 4977, 4989; stays, 5012; Abood, 1 pt. s. endured, waited, 3694.

Abye, v. pay for, C 5888, 5976; Abyeth, pr. s. C 7642. Cf. Abey.

Accord, s. agreement, C 5818; assent, C 6769. ​

Accord, 1 pr. s. agree to, 2083; Accorded, pt. pl. agreed, C 5815; pp. reconciled, C 5846.

Accordaunce, s. agreement, C 5847.

Acheved, pp. achieved, 2049; ended, settled, 4630.

A-cold, adj. cold, chilly, 2658.

Acoye, v. quiet, allay, 3564.

Acquyte, v. defray the expense, pay for, C 6742.

Ademant, s. adamant, 4181.

Ado (for at do), to do, 5080.

Adoun, adv. down, C 7207.

Advocates, s. pl. lawyers, 5721.

A-fere, adv. on fire, 4073.

Afered, pp. afraid, 3604; Aferd, 2655.

Affeccioun, s. desire, C 6409.

Affray, s. terror, 3866; fear, 2034.

Affrayed, pp. frightened, 3113.

Affye, v. trust, 3155; Affy, v. 5480.

Aforn, adv. formerly, 3952; before, 4328.

Aftir, prep. according to, 2255, C 6258; according as, 5668.

Afyne, adv. thoroughly, completely, 3690.

Agast, adj. afraid, C 6106.

Age, s. old age, 4884; Ages, pl. times, 2189.

Ageyn-coming, s. returning, 2518.

Ageyns, prep. in comparison with, 5536.

Agilte, pr. s. sinned against, offended, C 5833, 6784; Agiltest, 2 pt. s. C 7572.

Ago, pp. gone, 2932; Agoo, 3842.

A-gree, adv. in good part, 4349.

A-greef, adv. in bad part; take not agreef, take it not amiss, C 7573.

Aken, v. ache, C 6908.

Al, conj. although, 1754, 5766, C 6267.

Al-day, adv. continually, 2484.

Alder, adj. gen. pl. of (us) all, C 6948.

Alderfirst, adv. in the first place, first of all, C 7505.

Alegged, pt. pl. allayed, alleviated, 1768. See Allege.

Aleggement, s. alleviation, 1890, 1923.

Algate, adv. alway, always, 5157, C 7477; at any rate, C 7152.

Allege, v. exempt (lit. alleviate), C 6626; Alleggith, pr. s. alleviates, 2588.

Allegeaunce, s. alleviation, 1871, 4570.

Allowe, v. approve of, value, 5186. F. text, prises.

Almesse, s. alms, C 6624; Almesses, pl. C 6637.

Al-only, adv. alone, C 5819.

Alosed, pp. noted, famed, 2354. See Loos.

Al-out, adv. completely, fully, altogether, 2101, 2935, 4326.

Al-outerly, adv. wholly, utterly, C 6302, 7663.

Alowe, v. accept, approve of, 5175.

Also, conj. as, C 6767.

Alye, s. ally, 4964.

Amende, v. advance, succeed, C 5876; Amendith, pr. s. improves, 2258.

Amerous, adj. lovely, 2901. See Amorous.

Amitee, s. friendship, 5285. Old text, unitee; F. text, amitié.

Among, adv. sometimes, 2325, 3241, 3304.

Amorous, adj. truly loving, 5325; Amerous, lovely, 2901.

Amourettes, s. pl. sweethearts, 4755.

Amyas; a curious error; for At Myas, i.e. at Meaux, 3826. F. text, a Miaus.

And, conj. if, 2051, 4441.

Anger, s. pain, anguish, 1877, 1926, 3180, 3185; Angre, 1852, 2800; Angres, pl. torments, 2554, 3789.

Angerly, adv. cruelly, 3511.

Angre, ger. to vex, 3526.

Angry, adj. tormenting, grievous, cruel, 2628, 3265.

Anguissous, adj. full of anguish, anxious, 1755.

Anight, adv. in the night, at night, 2669, 4239.

Anker, s. anchor, 3780.

Anker, s. an anchoress, a female recluse shut up either in a cell attached to a church, or living under a religious rule in her own house, C 6348. ​

Annexed, pp. joined, 4811.

Annoy, s. trouble of mind, 2675, 2731. See Anoy.

Anon-right, adv. straightway, 1778.

Anoy, s. discomfort, pain, vexation, 1919, 2099, 4404; Annoy, 2675, 2731.

Anoynt, pp. anointed, 1888.

Antecrist, Antichrist, C 7155; Antecristes, gen. C 7009.

Apaired, pt. s. injured, C 7522.

Apayed, pp. pleased, satisfied, 2854, 5631.

Aperceyved, pt. s. perceived, C 6312.

Aperceyving, s. perception, C 6318.

Apert, adj. open, obvious, C 6621, 6799; Appert, C 6150.

Apes, s. pl. apes, C 6836.

Apocalips, s. apocalypse, C 7393.

Apostlis newe, new apostles, i.e. the preaching friars, C 6270.

Apparence, s. mere outward appearance, 5550, C 7467; Apparaunce, clear evidence, C 7660.

Apparent, adj. distinct, 2583.

Appel, s. apple, 4532.

Appert, adj. open, C 6150. See Apert.

Appesen, v. appease, 2453.

Appose, v. oppose, C 6555, 7146. F. text, oposer.

April, 3978.

A-queynt, pp. acquainted, 3080.

Aqueyntable, adj. affable, 2213.

Aqueyntaunce, s. acquaintance, 3892.

Ar, pr. pl. are, 2216. See Arn.

Arace, v. pull out, 1752.

Arblasters, s. pl. men with crossbows, 4196.

Archer, s. archer, 1797, 1818, 1832; Archers, s. pl. archers, 4191 (F. text, as archieres).

Aresóneth, pr. s. reasons with, disputes, argues, C 6220.

Arest, s. rest (for a spear), C 7561.

Arette, v. impute, 3327. See p. 14.

Areyse, v. raise up, 4361; rouse, C 7159; Areyseth, pr. s. stirs up, C 7541.

Argument, s. C 6186, 6190.

Armes, s. pl. feats of arms, 2315.

Armonye, s. harmony, 4247.

Armure, s. armour, 4197.

Arn, pr. pl. are, 2183, 3747, 4860; Ar, 2216.

A-rowe, adv. in a row, C 7606.

Arwis, s. pl. arrows, 1822.

Ascape, v. escape, get out of the difficulty, C 6515.

Asker, s. one who begs, C 6674.

A-slope, adv. aside, awry, 4464.

Asondre, adv. asunder, 5392.

Aspye, v. espy, 2665; spy out, C 7088; pr. s. subj., perceive, 4048.

Assaut, s. assault, 4175, C 7338.

Assay, s. attempt, 3449; quality, temper, 4350.

Assayed, pp. tried, proved, 2688, 5249; Assayed, made trial (of), 2417.

Asseth, enough, a sufficiency, 5600. See note.

Assoile, v. absolve, C 6364; Assoiled, pp. explained, C 6557.

Assoiling, s. absolving, C 6412.

Assured, pp. secured, 4309.

Astat, s. state, plight, 2416; Astate, condition, 4672, C 6856.

Astoned, pp. astonished, bewildered, 3859.

A-sundir, adv. asunder, diversely, 4477.

A-swone, in a swoon, 1736.

At, prep. at the hands of, from, C 6870; At al, at all points, 5249; at leeste way, at least, C 5827; at wordis fewe, in a few words, briefly, 2129.

Atteigne, v. attain, 5537.

Attendith, pr. s. attaches itself, appertains, 5309. F. text, s'amort; 'amordre, attacher,' Burguy.

Attour, s. array, 3718.

A-two, adv. in twain, 4107, 5522, C 6168.

Audience, s. hearing, C 6137; in au., in company, C 7540.

Augment, ger. to increase, 5597.

Augustins, s. pl. Austin Friars, C 7461.

Aumenere, s. purse for alms, 2271; Aumener, 2087.

Auntre, v. refl. venture (thyself), venture, 2495.

Austin, S. Augustine, of Hippo, C 6583, 6613, 6691, 6700. ​

Avale, v. descend, 1803.

Avaunced, pp. promoted, C 6951; helped, 3468.

Avaunt, adv. in advance, forward, 3959, 4790.

Avaunt, v. refl. boast, 4788.

Avauntage, s. profit, 5808.

Avenaunt, adj. becoming, seemly, 2058; pleasant, 3679; condescending, 4622. See p. 20.

Aventure, s. chance, fortune, fate, 2118, 4376; case, C 7308.

Avouterye, s. adultery, 4954.

Avysed, 1 pt. s. refl.; Avysed me, applied myself, 1807.

Awayte, s. ambush, 4497.

Awayted, pp. watched; awayted with, watched by, 3066.

Awey, adv. away (see note), 4712.

Axe, v. ask, C 6559; Axeth, pr. s. requires, C 5908; asketh, 5242.

Ayeines, prep. against, C 7178, 7307; Ayens, C 6277; in comparison with, C 6875.

 

Bachilere, s. youth, young knight, 2828.

Bagge, s. purse, C 6834; Bagges, s. pl. money-bags, 5775.

Baillye, s. custody, jurisdiction, 4217, 4302; Baily, enclosure, C 7574.

Baily, s. bailiff, C 6331; Bailifs, s. pl. agents, C 6812; Baillyves, C 6863. See Bayly.

Balaunce, s. uncertainty, suspense, 4667.

Balis, s. pl. troubles, sorrows, 4441.

Bane, s. bane, destruction, death, 4491.

Banere, s. banner, 2019.

Banisshed, pt. s. banished, C 6780.

Baptist Johan, John the Baptist, C 6998.

Bare, adj. pl. bare-footed, C 7463.

Barelles, s. pl. barrels, C 7072.

Baren, pt. pl. bare, C 6243.

Bargeyn, s. bargain, 4325; conflict, 2551; enterprise, 4929.

Bark, s. bark, rind of a tree, C 7169.

Barly-breed, s. barley-bread, 2757.

Baronage, s. the assembly of barons, C 5812.

Barouns, pl. barons, C 6138.

Barre, ger. to bar, 4224.

Bataile, s. array, troop, host, C 5849; Batels, pl. battalions, C 7348.

Batayled, pp. battlemented, 4200; Batáyled, 4162.

Bate, s. strife, 4235.

Baud, adj. jolly (lit. bold), 5674.

Bawdes, s. pl. bawds, C 7034.

Bayly, s. bailiff (or municipal magistrate corresponding to the English alderman), C 6218. See Baily.

Beau-sire, s. fair sir, C 6053.

Beautee, s. Beauty (the name of an arrow), 1750.

Bede, v. stretch out (lit. proffer), 1710. From A.S. bēodan.

Bede, pt. s. subj. might bid, might pray, C 7374. From A.S. biddan.

Bedels, s. pl. bedels, beadles, officers, C 6812.

Bedes, s. pl. beads, C 7374; Bedis, s. pl. beads (or prayers); bidde his bedis, tell his beads, pray with his rosary, C 6687.

Begger, s. Beguin, hence, mendicant, C 7282; Beggers, Beguins (see note), C 7256.

Begyle, ger. to beguile, C 6206.

Begyne, s. Beguine, C 7368.

Bemes, s. pl. trumpets, C 7605.

Bemis, s. pl. beams, 5339.

Bene, s. bean, C 6464.

Bent, adj. bended (said of a bow), 1715.

Berafte, pt. pl. subj. should deprive, C 6669.

Berith, pr. s. carries, 5675; Beren, pt. pl. bare, wore, C 6237.

Bern, s. barn, 5589.

Besaunt, s. bezant; (a gold coin first struck at Byzantium: in England its value varied between a sovereign and a half-sovereign. There were also silver Bezants—worth from a florin to a shilling); 5592.

Beshrewe, 1 pr. s. curse, 5511.

Beshrewed, pp. as adj. accursed, C 7394.

Besinesse, s. diligence, 3624.

Bestial, adj. brutish, stupid, C 6716. ​

Bet, adj. comp. better, 2874; adv. better; ful bet, much better, C 6001; the bet, the better, C 5992.

Bete, pr. s. subj. remedy, cure, 4441. A.S. bētan.

Beten, pp. beaten, C 6839.

Betyme, adv. beforehand, in good time, 5624.

Bialacoil, i.e. Bial Acoil, Fair Reception, 2984, 2999, 3011, 3067, 3081, 3113, 3139, 3151, &c.

Bible, s. bible (or perhaps, book), C 7414.

Biforn, adv. beforehand, C 6022.

Bigoon, adj.; wel bigoon, well off, 5533.

Bigyns, s. pl. Béguines, C 6861. F. text, beguines.

Biheest, s. promise, 4446, 4474.

Bihote, v. promise, 4446.

Bihove, s. dat. behoof, 2964, C 7584.

Bilden, pt. pl. built, C 6571.

Bilefte, 1 pt. s. remained, 3360.

Bimene, imp. s. refl. bemoan thyself, 2667.

Biraft, pp. reft, stolen, 4343.

Biset, pt. s. orders, disposes, employs, 5262.

Bishet, pp. shut up (in prison), 4488.

Bisied, 1 pt. s. busied myself, 2970.

Bistad, pp. bestead, beset, 2670, 5796; troubled, 3370.

Bisy, adj. diligent, careful, 3845, 4044, 4222.

Bit, pr. s. lasts, abides, 5330. From inf. byden.

Bitaught, pt. s. commended, 4438. See Biteche (p. 30).

Bitrasshed, pp. betrayed, 3910. See Bitraise (p. 30).

Bityde, v. happen, C 5917.

Biwepe, v. weep, bewail, 5121.

Biwreye, v. reveal, C 7226.

Blake, adj. pl. black (monks), Benedictines, C 6695.

Blame, imp. s. reprove, 2233.

Blende, ger. to blind, to deceive, 3954; Blent, pr. s. 5310; Blent, pp. blinded, 4642; deceived, C 6652.

Blered, pp. bleared, dimmed, deceived, 3912. See Blere (p. 32).

Blinne, v. desist from, C 6611.

Blyve, adv. quickly; as bl., very quickly, 2799.

Boden, pp. commanded, 2721. From A.S. bēodan.

Bodies, s. pl. 5809.

Boece, Boethius, 5661.

Bonde, s. service, yoke, 1956.

Book; the book, i.e. the Canon Law, C 6385; the Bible, C 6636.

Boost, s. boast, 3461.

[Borders, s. pl. C 6911. Better reading; for burdens.]

Bordillers, s. pl. brothel-keepers, C 7034. F. text, bordelieres.

Borowe, s. pledge, C 7331; Borowes, pl. pledges, C 7309; Borwis, 2064.

Bosarde, s. buzzard, 4033.

Bote, s. remedy, 1760.

Botes, s. pl. boots, 2265, C 7262.

Botoun, s. bud, 1721, 1761, 2960.

Bougerons, s. pl. sodomites, C 7022. F. text, bogre.

Bought, pp.; a bought, to have bought, 4322.

Bountee, s. kindness, 3147; goodness, C 6597.

Boy-knave, s. knavish boy, 3849.

Brade, adj. pl. broad (Northern), 4200.

Braide, ger. to bestir itself, wake up, C 7128.

Brak, pt. s. interrupted, C 6221. See Breken.

Braste, ger. to burst, 3186.

Braunches, pl. branches, C 6198.

Brede, s. breadth; on br., abroad, 3635; cf. Abrede.

Breken, v. disobey, 3478.

Brenne, v. burn, 2475; ger. C 7052; Brenneth, pr. s. 5241; Brent, pp. 1820.

Brenning, s. burning, 2727.

Brere, s. briar, C 6191; Breres, pl. 1712, 1836, 3006.

Brest, v. burst, 4107.

Breve, adj. brief, short, 2350. (Refers to the F. la parole.)

Brewe, v. brew, prepare, C 6028.

Brimme, adj. cruel, 1836. Cf. Breme (p. 36).

Brocages, s. pl. brokerage, contracts, C 6971.

Broche, s. brooch, 3718. ​

Brond, s. fire-brand, 3706.

Brood, adj. broad, 4153.

Bulle, s. papal bull, C 6847.

Burdens, s. pl. heavy loads, C 6902, 6907.

Burdens, error for Borders, C 6911.

Burdoun, s. staff, cudgel, 3401, 4092, C 7403.

Burgeis, s. burgess, C 6218; gen. pl. burgesses', C 6864.

Burnettes, s. pl. dresses made of fine woollen cloth dyed brown, 4756.

But, adv. only, 3284.

But, conj. except, unless, 1964, 2429, 2439, 4126, 5290.

But-if, conj. unless, 1962, C 6625, 6628.

Buxom, adj. obedient, pliant, 4419.

By, prep. in, C 6616; beside, C 7032.

By and by, in order, 2345; exactly, precisely, 4581.

Bye, v. buy, pay for, 2052; By, ger. 5611; Byen, pr. pl. 2452, 4839; By, pr. s. subj. may buy, 2737; Bye, imp. s. C 5903.

Byer, s. buyer, C 5928.

Bytinge, pres. part. cutting, C 7420.

 

Caas, s. case, plight, 3374; pl. cases, C 6759. See Cas.

Caleweys, s. pl. soft, sweet pears (which came from Cailloux in Burgundy), C 7043; see note.

Calle, v. recall, 3974; Callid, pp. called, 1750.

Camelyne, s. camel's-hair stuff, C 7367.

Can, 1 pr. s. (I) know, 4796; pr. s. understands, C 5872; Can, pr. s.; Can him no thank, offers him no thanks, 2112; Canst, 2 pr. s. hast, feelest, 4399. See Cunne.

Capouns, s. pl. capons, C 7040.

Care, s. trouble, C 6640.

Careful, adj. anxious, sorrowful, 2428.

Caribdis, Charybdis, 4713.

Carmes, s. pl. Carmelites, White Friars, C 7462.

Cas, s. occasion, C 7481. See Caas.

Caste, v. refl. apply himself, 2031; Cast, pr. s. casts, 4330; considers, 5620; Caste, pt. s. refl. set himself, 1860.

Castels in Spayne, castles in the air, 2573. See note.

Casting, s. vomiting, vomit, C 7288.

Catel, s. chattel, property, 5376.

Cause, s. blame; in cause, to blame, 4525.

Caytif, s. poor wretch, 3554.

Certis, adv. certainly (riming with is), 5542; C 6800.

Chace, v. chase away; do ch., caused to be chased away, C 7534.

Chafe, v. irritate, 3685.

Chaffare, s. chaffer, bargain, C 5920, 5922, 5925.

Chaire, s. chair, seat, C 6889, 6892; Chaieris, pl. chairs, seats, C 6915.

Chamberere, s. chamber-maid, 4935 (see footnote).

Champioun, s. champion, C 7229.

Chanoun, s. canon, 3278, C 6331; Chanouns regulers, pl. canons regular, C 6694.

Chapelet, s. wreath, chaplet, 2278.

Chapeleyn, s. chaplain, C 6328.

Chapitre, s. chapter, C 6532.

Chapman, s. trader, 5591.

Chargid, pt. s. instructed, 2145.

Chartres, s. pl. charters, C 7312.

Chasteleyn, s. castellan, governor of a castle, C 6327.

Chasteleyne, s. the wife of a chastelain or governor of a castle, 3740.

Chastitee, Chastity (personified), 3043, 3051, 3055; Chastite, 3668, 3670, 3699.

Chastye, 1 pr. s. reprove, C 6993.

Chaunce, s. chance, luck, 5545.

Cheef, adj. chief, excellent, 2785.

Chere, s. countenance, favour, 3952; appearance, 5486, C 6474; pleasure, delight, 3805.

Cherete, s. kindness, fondness, 3516.

Cherl, s. churl, lout, 4001; Cherlis, pl. low-born men, 2002.

Chese, v. choose, 4426; Chese ... hem to, pr. pl. choose for themselves, C 6230.

Cheses, s. pl. cheeses, C 7041.

Chevered, pp. shivered, 1732.

Chevisaunce, s. resource, remedy, 3337. See note. ​

Chevise, v. occupy himself (for me), manage (for me), settle my cause, C 6425.

Cheyne, s. chain, 4812.

Chiche, adj. parsimonious, 5588. O.F. chiche; cf. Span. chico, little. See Chinche.

Chideresse, s. scold, virago, 4266.

Childe, with, with child, 5038.

Childhede, s. childhood; of ch., from childhood, C 5885.

Chinche, adj. mean, avaricious, C 5998. Nasalised form of Chiche.

Chinchy, adj. mean, grudging, niggardly, C 6002.

Ciergis, pl. wax tapers, C 6248. O.F. cerge.

Clarree, s. a sweet liquor consisting of a mixture of wine, clarified honey and various spices, as pepper and ginger, &c., C 5967, 5971, 6026.

Clepe, v. call, C 5907; Clepid, pp. 5651.

Clipsy, adj. eclipsed, dim, 5349.

Cloistres, s. pl. cloisters, C 4142.

Clomben, pp. climbed up, C 6933; Clombe, 3911.

Cloos, adj. close, reticent, discreet, C 6104.

Close, v. enclose, 4372; 1 pr. s. 3919; Closid, pt. s. 1842.

Closer, s. enclosure, 4069.

Cloth, s. garment, dress, C 6345.

Clubbe, s. club, 4061.

Colour, s. way, manner, C 6282.

Comaundementis, s. pl. commandments, 2133, 2137.

Come, s. coming, C 7628.

Commendacioun, s. commendation, 4887.

Company, s. the name of an arrow, 1862.

Compas, s. circuit, 1842; circumference, 4183; Compace, perfection, 3208.

Compassen, 1 pr. pl. study, observe closely, C 6932. F. text, estudions.

Compendiously, adv. briefly, 2346, 2953.

Complisshen, v. accomplish, 2132.

Comprende, v. consider, include (in my explanation), C 6633.

Compte, s. counting, account, 5026.

Comunably, adv. commonly, usually, C 7237.

Comunely, adv. publicly, 4801.

Comuntee, s. community, common possession, 5209.

Concours, s. course, result, 4360.

Conestablerye, s. a ward of a castle under the command of a constable, 4218.

Confusioun, s. perplexity, 4480.

Coniecte, (conjectə), 1 pr. pl. plan, conspire, C 6928.

Coninges, s. pl. conies, rabbits, C 7044.

Conisaunce, s. understanding, knowledge, 5465, 5559; acquaintance, 4668.

Coniunccioun, s. conjunction, joining together (of hearts), 5221.

Conne, 2 pr. s. subj. mayst be well instructed, 2315. See Cunne.

Consequence, s. result, C 6448, 7468, 7472.

Consolacioun, the 'Consolation of Philosophy,' 5661.

Constreynaunce, s. Constraint, C 7438.

Constreyne, v. constrain, C 6403; Constrayned, pp. kept under constraint, i.e. feigned, C 7439.

Contene, v. remain, 2641; refl. bear himself, 2248; Conteyne, v. contain (himself), 4923 (see note); Contene, pr. pl. refl. maintain themselves, C 6805; F. text, se maintienent.

Contrarie, s. perplexity, 4478. F. 'Avoir me lest tant de contraire.'

Contrarious, adj. contrary, hostile, 3354.

Contriving, s. contrivance, C 7544.

Controve, v. compose songs, 4249; ger. to invent, C 7547.

Contune, v. continue, 4354, 5332; ger. 5205.

Convay, ger. to convoy, accompany, 2428; Convoye, pr. pl. convey, 2916.

Cope, s. cloak, cope, C 6796, 7410.

Corage, s. mood, temper, 4928.

Coragious, adj. bold, 4416.

Corde, s. cord, C 7050.

Cordileres, s. pl. Franciscans, (so ​ called from wearing a girdle of rope), C 7461.

Corners, s. pl. corners, 4244.

Cornewayle, Cornouaille in Brittany, 4250. See note.

Corporel, adj. bodily, C 6757.

Correcten, ger. to correct, C 7232.

Corumpable, adj. corruptible, 4856.

Cos, s. kiss, 3663.

Cost, s. coast, place, 3931; quarter, 2477.

Cotidien, adj. quotidian, daily; as s. a quotidian ague, 2401.

Couchen, pr. pl. lay, impose, C 6903.

Counceilen, v. counsel, C 6845.

Countenaunce, s. appearance, behaviour, C 7355; look, 4299.

Countesses, s. pl. C 6860.

Countours, s. pl. accountants, C 6812.

Coupe-gorge, s. Cut-throat, C 7422.

Courser, s. horse, C 5903.

Couth, pp. known, 2000; evident, 4213.

Coveityse, s. coveting, desire, 4129; covetousness, 5072.

Covenable, adj. seemly, fitting, suitable, C 6020, 6752; excellent, C 7181.

Covent, s. convent, 4904, C 7380.

Coverchief, s. kerchief, head-covering, C 7369.

Covert, adj. secret, hidden up, C 6149.

Covertly, adv. secretly, C 6111.

Coverture, s. concealment, 2172.

Covyne, s. intrigue, secret plan, 3799. F. text, couvine.

Cowardyse, s. cowardice, 2490.

Coy, adj. quiet, hidden, 4297.

Crafte, s. art, 2166.

Cragge, s. crag, rock, 4156.

Crece, s. increase, progeny, 4875. See note; and see crease (= increase) in the New E. Dict.

Criand, pres. part. crying (Northern), 3138.

Cristendom, Christendom, C 6363; Cristendome, C 7091.

Croce, s. crozier, C 6470. F. croces, pl.

Croked, adj. deformed, 4886.

Crownet, s. coronet, 3203.

Cunne, v. shew; cunne him maugree, shew him ill-will, 4559; 1 pr. pl. can, C 5879; pr. pl. know (how), C 6174; pr. s. subj. be able, C 5992.

Cunning, s. skill, knowledge, C 6735.

Cupyde, Cupid, 3702.

Cure, s. charge, 1962, C 6562; care, 4222; cause of care, 2456; heed, C 7557; aid, C 6752; jurisdiction, 3540.

Curious, adj. diligent, zealous, C 6578, 6590.

Cursed, adj. wicked, 5760.

Cursidnesse, s. wickedness, perversity, 5756.

Curteis, adj. courteous, 4030, 4036, C 6031.

Curtesye, s. courteous action, kindness, 4553; Courtesy (personified), 2019, 2985, 3890; Curtesie, C 5853; the name of an arrow, 1802.

Customere, adj. accustomed, 4936. F. text, coustumiere.

Cut, pr. s. cuts, C 6198.

 

Dagges, s. pl. loose tags or shreds of cloth, C 7260. (I can find no exact account of the fastening here referred to; I suppose that the dagges, or tape-like strips, had button-holes, through which the knoppes or buttons passed.)

Daliaunce, s. talk, 2850.

Dampning, s. damnation, C 6643.

Dar, pr. s. dare, 6049.

Dart, s. dart, C 5823.

Daunce; the olde d., the old game, 4300.

Daungere, s. resistance, 1932; Daunger, 1936, 2034, 5613; Daungere, reluctance, 2318; power, control, 2051; Danger (personified), 3018, C 5866.

Daungerous, adj. shy, over-modest, reluctant, backward, 2312; hard to please, 2824; cruel, 3594, 3727.

Daunte, v. conquer, subdue, 3300; Daunted, pp. 3602, 4764.

Daunting, s. taming, 4032.

Dawed, pt. s. subj. would dawn, 2633. ​

Dawes, s. pl. days, 2838, C 6616.

Debate, s. strife, 4902.

Debonaire, adj. kind, favourable, 5412, 5415; Debonair, courteous, 3737.

Debonairly, adv. graciously, pleasantly, 2382; humbly, meekly, 1943.

Declare, v. make manifest, 5563.

Deef, adj. deaf, C 7611.

Defaute, s. lack, 5789.

Defenced, pp. defended, 4310.

Defenden, ger. to defend, C 6750; Defende, pr. s. subj. forbid, 1948; Defende, pr. pl. subj. refl. buy themselves off, C 7038.

Defensable, adj. helping to defend, 4168.

Defoule, v. trample down, C 6000.

Defyle, v. defile, bruise, C 7317. F. text, torchies.

Defyne, v. define exactly, C 6632; Defyneth, imp. pl. 4805.

Degree, s. station, rank, C 7214; manner, C 7442.

Deignous, adj. disdainful, 3593.

Deitee, s. deity, 5656.

Del, s. deal; Dele, bit, least thing, 5139; not ... a del, not a whit, C 6897, 7433; never a del, not at all, C 6036; every del, every whit, C 6017. See Dool.

Dele, v. (to) deal, (to) have transactions, C 6440; Deles (Northern form), pr. s. distributes, 5419.

Delectacioun, s. delight, 4821.

Deliciously, adv. daintily, C 6729.

Deliverid, pp. freed, relieved, C 6046.

Deliverly, adv. quickly, 1927, 2283, 3005.

Delyces, s. pl. pleasures, C 7281.

Delyt, s. Delight (personified), 4932, 4979, 4987, C 5857.

Demande, s. question, 2062.

Deme, v. deem, judge, 2198.

Demeigne, s. possession, ownership, 5586; Demeyne, dominion, rule, 3310.

Demene, v. endure, put up with, 5238.

Demonstrable, adj. capable of being shewn, 4688.

Demurely, adv. gravely, modestly, 4627.

Denyen, ger. to deny, repudiate, 2057.

Depart, v. depart, 2393; divide, 2367, 5279; Departed, pp. parted, 2425.

Departing, s. division, 4613.

Dere, v. injure, destroy, 4336; Dered, pp. harmed, 2100. A.S. derian.

Desert, s. desert, i.e. deserving, 4269.

Desperaunce, s. desperation, 1872.

Desporte, ger. to cheer, to divert, 2014. (After desporte understand thee, i.e. thyself.)

Despyt, s. despite, aversion, C 5996.

Desyring, s. wish, C 5880.

Determyne, v. determine, fix the limits, C 6631; declare, 4882.

Deth, s. Death (personified), 5200, 5202.

Detraccioun, detraction, 5528.

Devel, s. devil, 5810; she-devil, 4288.

Dever, s. endeavour, 5299.

Deviaunt, adj. divergent, turned away, 4789.

Devoid, adj. free, 4312.

Devoided, pp. removed, 2929.

Devout, adj. C 6236.

Devyne, v. interpret, 3800.

Devys, s. disposal, 1974; will, 3621; by devys, to judge from her appearance (?), 3205; F. text, et a son vis.

Devyse, v. devise, appoint, order, 3532.

Dewe, adj. due, C 6638.

Deyned, pt. s. subj.; him deyned, it appeared good to him, C 6950.

Deynous, adj. disdainful, 3728.

Deyntee, s. value, 2677.

Diche, s. ditch, 4152, 4199.

Diffame, v. defame, reproach, C 6152; pr. pl. 5500.

Diffyne, v. define, 4807; explain, 5181.

Dight, v. prepare, 4240; v. refl. 2555.

Dignitee, s. rank, C 6931.

Dim, adj. dim, 5350.

Discharge, v. discharge, clear, C 6388.

Discomfit, pp. disconcerted, 4067. ​

Discomforted, pt. s. discouraged, 3368.

Disconsolate, adj. disconsolate, 3168.

Discordaunce, s. disagreement, 4715, 5208; discordant melody, 4251.

Discordaunt, adj. discordant, 4247.

Discorde, ger. to disagree, 4716.

Discreven, 2 pr. pl. describe, 4803.

Disdeinous, adj. disdainful, C 7412.

Disdeyne, 1 pr. s. disdain, C 6490.

Disese, s. uneasiness, 5244.

Disese, ger. to trouble, 3526.

Disfigured, pp. disfigured, 4672.

Disgysen, v. apparel, 2250; Disgyse, 1 pr. s. disguise, C 6358.

Dishonest, adj. unfair, unreasonable, 3442; immodest, 4262.

Disordinat, adj. inordinate, 4816.

Dispeired, pp. full of despair, 4434.

Dispendith, pr. pl. spend, 5681.

Dispitous, adj. unmerciful, spiteful, C 6162; malicious, froward, 2212, 3457.

Displesaunce, s. displeasure, 3436.

Disport, s. delight, 3468; happiness, 2894.

Dispute, v. dispute, argue, C 6764.

Dispyte, s. despite, aversion, C 5828.

Disrewlily, adv. irregularly, 4900.

Disseise, v. dispossess, deprive, (F. dessaisir), 2076.

Disserve, v. deserve, 3093.

Disseyved, pp. deceived, C 6628.

Dissolucioun, s. dissoluteness. 4898

Distincte, v. discern, distinguish, C 6199.

Distoned, adj. dissonant, out of tune, 4248.

Distourbled, pt. pl. troubled, 1713.

Distresse, s. Distress (personified), 4997.

Ditee, s. discourse, 5286, 5652.

Divers, adj. contradictory, 4102.

Diversitee, s. diversity, 1917.

Divinitee, s. divinity; in divinitee to rede, to lecture in divinity, C 7693.

Divyne, s. divinity, C 6488.

Do, v. cause; do make, cause to be made, 2080; pr. s. subj. accomplish, C 5869; Doand (Northern), pres. part. doing, 2708; Don, pp. put, placed, C 6564.

Dogged, adj. dogged, cross, 4028.

Dole, s. lamentation, mourning, 2956, 4317. O.F. doel. See Dool.

Dolorous, adj. painful, 5474.

Dolven, pp. buried, 4070.

Dom, s. dumb, 2220, 2409, 2492.

Dool, s. grief, 4480. See Dole.

Dool, s. deal, portion; halfen dool, half portion, halving (it), 2364. See Del.

Doth, pr. s. causes, 2772, 2786, 2790; brings, 5558; gives, 1984. See Do.

Double, adj. twofold, 1756.

Double, v. be doubled, 2817.

Doublenesse, s. double-dealing, duplicity, 2366.

Doun, come down, C 5868.

Dout, s. fear, 2102.

Doutable, adj. doubtful, 5413; imperilled, unstable, C 6274.

Doute, v. fear, 2023; 1 pr. s. 2108; 2 pr. pl. 2079.

Douting, s. doubt, C 6074.

Draught, s. draught, bout, act, 4869. F. text, Car maint n'i trairoient ja trait.

Drede, s. doubt; withouten dr., without doubt, 2199, 2251, C 6214; Dread (personified), 3958, 5861.

Drede, 1 pr. s. refl. fear, 2369 (F. dout); Dred, pp. dreaded, feared, C 6965.

Dreming, s. dream, 2173.

Drerihed, s. dreariness, sorrow, 4728.

Dresse, v. prepare, 1773; pr. s. subj. refl. set himself, C 6535.

Dreye, adj. dry, 1743.

Drough, pt. s. drew, 1725.

Droune, ger. to drown, to be drowned, 4710, 5022.

Druery, s. loyal affection, 5064. O.F. druerie.

Drye, v. dry up, 2748.

Drye, v. suffer, undergo, 4390; endure, 3105; ger. to fulfil, C 7484. A.S. drēogan.

Dryf, v. drive, 1874.

Duchesses, s. pl. C 6859.

Dulle, adj. pl. dull, C 6848. ​

Dulle, 1 pr. s. become stupefied, 4792.

Dure, v. last, endure, C 6841.

Duresse, s. severity, 3547, 3570.

Dusty, adj. C 7488.

Dwelling, s. delay, 2440.

Dyamaunt, s. adamant, 4385.

Dyden, pt. pl. died, C 6245.

Dyne, v. as s. dinner, C 6500.

 

Eche, v. add, 1994; help, aid, 4618. See Eke.

Echon, pron. each one, 4211.

Eclips, s. eclipse, 5334.

Effect, s. reality, 5486. See note.

Eft, adv. again, 1783.

Eftsone, adv. soon afterwards, C 6094.

Eftsones, adv. soon after, C 6649.

Egipt, Egypt, C 7000.

Egre, adj. acid, 4179.

Egre, adv. sharply, 5474.

Eigh, s. eye, 1779.

Eir, s. air, 5654.

Eke, v. increase, 2126. See Eche.

Elde, s. old age, 4885.

Elengenesse, s. solitariness; hence, sadness, disquietude, C 7406. F. text, soussi.

Eleven, C 6247.

Elis, s. pl. eels, C 7039.

Elles, adv. otherwise, in all other respects, 3429.

Eloquence, s. C 7439.

Emperesses, s. pl. empresses, C 6859.

Empressid, pp. pressed, 3691.

Emprisoned, pp. imprisoned, 4400.

Empryse, s. undertaking, care, 2147; doings, 3508; enterprise, C 5825; design, 1972; conduct, action, 2186; privilege, 2008; rule, 4905.

Enchesoun, s. occasion, 2504, 3982, 4242.

Enclyne, v. be subject (to), respect, bow down (to), C 6814.

Encombre, v. disturb, 5434; Encombreth, pr. s. importunes, teases, C 6675; Encumbre, pr. pl. vex, perplex, 4482; Encombred, pp. annoyed, C 7628.

Encresid, pt. s. increased, 1785.

Endure, v. hold out, 1894; endured, pp. lasted, C 7211.

Enfaunce, s. infancy, youth, 4288.

Enforce, v. compel, C 6407; pr. pl. refl. endeavour, C 6275; Enforced, pp. augmented, 4499.

Enfourmed, pp. informed, 2953.

Engendrid, pt. s. begat, C 5955; Engendred, pt. pl. C 6113, 6116.

Engendring, s. engendering, copulation, 4823; begetting, C 6114.

Engendrure, s. procreation, 4849.

Engreveth, pr. s. displeases, 3444.

Engynes, s. pl. engines, military machines, 4194; Engins, tools, i.e. servants, 4549.

Enhabite, 1 pr. s. dwell, C 6355.

Enhaunce, ger. to exalt, advance, C 7246.

Enlangoured, adj. faded with langour, pale, C 7399.

Enlumined, pp. illumined, 5344.

Enmitee, s. enmity, 5378.

Enpryse, s. quickness of movement, 2636. See Empryse.

Enquestes, s. pl. legal inquisitions, C 6977.

Ensure, 1 pr. s. assure, 4850; Ensured, pp. C 7212.

Entayle, s. figure, shape, 3711.

Entencioun, s. attention, 4701; intent, C 6258; diligence, 2027; of e., intentionally, 2976; Entenciouns, pl. meaning, drift, C 7170.

Entende, v. pay attention, 2153; Entende, 1 pt. s. intend, C 6206.

Entendement, s. intention, 2188.

Entent, s. mind, 2187; purpose, 2488; disposition, 5696; Entente, endeavour, 3906; intention, design, C 5811, 5869.

Ententif, adj. diligent, careful, 2022.

Ententifly, adv. carefully, 1720, 2136.

Enterely, adv. entirely, wholly, 2142.

Entermete, v. refl. intermeddle, interfere, 2966; 1 pr. s. refl. busy (myself with), C 6971. See Entremete.

Entitled, pp. C 7105.

Entree, s. entrance, C 5840.

Entremees, s. pl. entremets, dainty meats, C 6841.

Entremete, v. interfere, C 6635, 7233; ger. C 6503; ger. refl. ​ C 5946; Entremete, 1 pr. s. intermeddle, interfere, C 6498, 6840; Entremeteth, pr. s. C 5921.

Envenyme, ger. to vitiate, C 7472.

Enviroun, adv. about, 3203, 4163; round about, 4203; prep. round about, 3618.

Enviroune, 1 pr. pl. compass, go about, C 7017.

Envyous, adj. spiteful, 5473.

Equipolences, s. pl. equivocations, equivocal expressions, C 7076.

Ere, s. ear, 1723, 2662.

Ere, adv. before, beforehand, 4807.

Erke, adj. weary, wearied, 4867.

Erliche, adv. early, 5003.

Ernes, s. ardour, (of love), 4838. See Earnest in the New E. Dict., and A.S. geornes.

Ernest, s. earnest, pledge, 3680.

Ers, s. posteriors (F. cul), C 7578.

Ese, s. ease, 1938; relief, 1984; pleasure, 3525, C 7498.

Especial, adj. particular, C 6715.

Espirituel, adj. spiritual, C 6758.

Espleyten, v. perform, execute, C 6174. See exploicté in Cotgrave.

Espye, s. spy, 3871.

Espye, v. behold, 3815; Espying, pres. pt. 3804.

Establisshing, s. decree, C 6369.

Estate, s. state of life, position, 4901.

Ester, s. Easter, C 6435.

Estres, s. pl. recesses, inner parts, 3626. F. text, estre; (l. 1410).

Esy, adj. easy, not painful, 1921; agreeable, 5606.

Et, ger. to eat, 2756.

Eterne, adj. eternal, 5020.

Evangyle, s. gospel, 5453, C 6099, 7120.

Everiche, adj. every one, C 5869.

Every other, each (shall help) the other, 2883.

Excusinges, s. pl. excuses, C 6586.

Executour, s. executor, C 6973.

Exiled, pp. C 6777.

Existence, s. reality, 5549, C 7470.

Expert, adj. expert, experienced, 4291. Old text, except (!).

Exposicioun, s. explanation, C 7145.

Expowne, ger. to expound, C 7172.

Extremitees, s. pl. extremes, C 6526.

Eye-sight, s. C 7234.

Eyth, adj. easy, 3955. A.S. ēað.

 

Fable, s. deceitfulness, C 6602; withoute f., truly, 4167.

Fade, adj. pallid, faded, 2399.

Fade, ger. to fade, 4337.

Fadome, s. pl. fathoms, 4159.

Failed, pp. as adj. wanting, defective, C 7470.

Fainte, adj. feigned, C 7405.

Fainte Distresse (personified), C 7405.

Fair-Welcoming, Fair-welcome, C 5856, 7524, 7529. (F. Belacoil.)

Faire, adv. fairly, honestly, 5082.

Fairhede, s. fairness, beauty, 2484.

Fair-Semblaunt, the name of an arrow, 1880.

Fallaces, s. pl. fallacies, deceits, C 7077.

Fallith, pr. s. impers. befits, 4025; Falleth, belongs, C 6976.

Falsen, pr. pl. deceive, 4833.

False-Semblant, False-appearance, C 5848, 6049, 7332, 7356.

Fame, s. report, rumour, 3975.

Familiere, adj. familiar, 4013.

Fand, pt. pl. found, 2707.

Fard, imp. s. paint, 2285.

Fardels, s. pl. loads, bundles, 5683.

Fare, s. welfare, condition, C 6498.

Fare, v. depart, vanish away, C 6045; pr. pl. go, 5564; journey, 5509; pp. gone, 2710.

Fast, adv. securely, 4451.

Fat mete, fat meat, C 6503.

Fatnesse, s. fatness, 2686.

Fatte, adj. pl. fat, C 6462.

Faute, s. fault, defect, 3837.

Fawe, adj. fain, blithe, C 6476.

Fay, s. faith, 2155, 5106; Ma fay, by my faith, C 7580.

Fayle, v. fail, 4249; Faylith, pr. s. lacks, 5720.

Fee, s. property, fief, C 6044.

Feers, adj. fierce, 3372.

Feeste, s. pleasure, encouragement, 5061.

Feithfully, adv. loyally, 3760.

Fel, adj. cruel, savage, 2211; harsh, 4028; stern, C 7342; Felle, pl. painful, 3789. ​

Felde-fare, s. field-fare; 'Go, farewel felde-fare' (see note), 5510.

Fele, adj. many, 4446, C 6038.

Fele, v. perceive (smell), 1844.

Feller, adj. comp. crueller, 4103.

Felones, adj. pl. evil, wicked, C 6711. His f. iangelinges, his evil pratings, his injurious talk. Suggested by F. Maugre les felonesses jangles; where felonesses is a plural adjective; see Godefroy. And see below.

Feloun, adj. cruel, C 5998.

Felowe, s. fellow, friend, chosen companion, 2857.

Fer, adv. far, 4495.

Fere, s. fire, 2471, 5086.

Fered, pp. fired, inflamed, 5278.

Fetheres, pl. feathers, C 5990.

Fetisly, adv. neatly, perfectly, 2267.

Fettre, ger. to put in fetters, C 7576.

Fetures, s. pl. features, 2813.

Fetys, adj. well-made, 2088. See p. 97.

Feyne, 1 pr. s. refl. feign, make a pretence, C 6166.

Feynte, adj. feigned, 5563.

Feynted, pt. s. fainted, 1735.

Feyntyse, s. deceit, guile, 2947, 2998, 3492; evasion, 1971.

Fiaunce, s. confidence, trust, 5481.

Fige-tree, s. fig-tree, 1718.

Fil, pt. s. fell, condescended, 3437; Fille, pt. pl. found themselves, C 5813; Fillen, pt. pl. subj. should fall, C 6648.

Fillen, v. fill, C 6486.

Filthe, s. filthy behaviour, lewdness, C 7532.

Finne, s. fin, C 7008.

Fire-glow, s. glow of fire, 3136.

Fisshen, to fish for, C 7492; pr. pl. fish, C 6182.

Fisshing, s. fishing, C 7493.

Fit, s. mood, 5197.

Flawme, s. flame, 3707.

Flawnes, s. pl. flawns; a dish composed of new cheese, eggs, powdered sugar, coloured with saffron and baked in small tins called 'coffins'; (see Liber Cure Cocorum, p. 39), C 4042.

Flayn, pp. flayed, C 7316. Miswritten slayn.

Fleen, v. flee away, escape, 4772; Flee, flee, 5471; ger. 4781.

Fleing, s. flight, C 5864.

Flemed, pt. s. exiled, drove into exile, 3052, C 6781. A.S. flȳman.

Flit, v. move, stir, 1812; depart, 5359; Flette, v. move, 2372.

Florisshen, v. flourish, C 6233.

Flowring, pres. pt. flourishing, C 6256.

Floytes, s. pl. flutes, 4251.

Foles, gen. fool's, 5266.

Folily, adv. foolishly, 3819.

Foly, adj. foolish, 4299, 5085.

Fond, adj. foolish, 5367.

Fonde, v. attempt, 5858.

Foole, adj. foolish, C 7539.

Foon, pl. foes, 5552, C 6940.

Foote, v. dance formally, 2323.

Foot-hoot, adv. instantly, 3827.

For, prep. to prevent, 4229; for fear of, 2365; on account of, 2190; as conj. because, 2053.

Forbere, v. forbear, desist, cease, 4751.

Forboden, pp. forbidden, C 6616.

Force, s.; I yeve no force, I care not, 4602; of f., necessarily, 1796.

Fordone, pp. destroyed, undone, 4339.

Fordrive, pp. driven away, scattered, 3782.

Forewardis, forwards; Hennes forewardis, henceforward, C 7304.

Forfare, v. perish, 5388, 5778.

Forge, s. forge, C 7421.

Forged, pp. forged, fabricated, C 7421.

Forgive, 2 pr. pl. subj. forgive; forgive him, put away from him, C 6054.

Forgo, v. give up, abandon, C 6446, 7158.

For-ofte, adv. very often, 4876.

For-peyned, pp. distressed, 3693.

Forsake, v. refuse, 2822; withstand, 1876.

Forstere, s. forester, C 6329.

Forswereth, pr. s. refl. perjures himself, C 5970; Forswere, 1 pr. s. refl. C 5973; Forsworn, pp. C 5968, 5974, 6309, 6542; Forsworen, pp. C 6025.

Fortened, pp. destroyed (see note), ​ 4875. (Or perhaps 'obstructed'; cf. A.S. fortȳnan, to shut up.)

Forteresse, s. fortress, 3942, 4520, C 5894.

Forthenke, v. rue, repent, 3957, 4060.

Forther, v. further, advance, help (?), 2881. (This requires that thee be understood).

Forthy, conj. because; not forthy, not on that account, (perhaps) nevertheless, 4509.

Fortune, (personified), 5403.

Forwandred, pp. spent with wandering, 3336.

Forwardis, s. pl. agreements; my forwardis, your agreements with me, C 7303.

Forwerreyd, pp. utterly defeated (lit. utterly warred against), 2564.

Forwery, adj. wearied out, tired out, 3336.

For-why, wherefore, 1743.

Forwoundid, pp. sorely wounded, 1830.

Foryet, v. forget, 3243; pr. s. C 6538.

Foryeve, ger. to abandon, give up, 3438.

Fostring, s. fostering care, bringing up, C 6113.

Foulis, gen. sing. bird's, 4231.

Founde, v. found, C 7594.

Foundement, s. foundation, 4182.

Founden, pp. fed, provided for, 5616.

Foure, four, C 7348, 7349, 7351.

Foxerye, s. foxlike cunning, C 6795.

Fraunce, France, 3435, C 6492.

Fraunchyse, s. liberty, 4906; nobility, 2007; generosity, 3003; Bounty, 3501; Freedom, C 5865.

Free, adj. liberal, 2021, 3736; generous, 2701.

Freend, s. Friend, 3346, 3367, 3389.

Frely, adv. of free will, 4813.

Frere, s. friar, C 7377; Frere Wolf, Friar Wolf, C 6424. See note.

Freres Prechours, s. pl. preaching friars, i.e. the Prechours, or Dominican friars, C 7458.

Fret, pp. fretted, adorned, 3204; set (see note), 4705.

Fretted, pp. furnished, lit. ornamented, C 7259. See above.

Frostes, pl. frosts, 4747.

Frouncen, pr. pl. shew wrinkles, C 7261; Frounced, pp. wrinkled, 3137.

Frouning, s. frowning, angry look, 4062.

Fruyt, s. offspring, 5031.

Fulfild, pt. s. filled full, 3502; Fulfilled, pp. 5237.

Fully, adv. wholly, 4487.

Future, s. time future, 5015.

Fy, fie! 5739, 5741. See note.

Fyled, pp. filed, 3812.

Fyne, v. cease, 1797; pr. pl. subj. end, depart, 5356.

Fysycien, s. physician, 5740.

Fysyk, s. physic, 5739.

 

Gabbeth, pr. s. speaks falsely, lies, C 6700.

Gabbing, s. lying, C 7602, 7612.

Gadren, pr. pl. collect, C 6175.

Gadring, s. accumulation, 5782.

Games, pl. sports, C 7531.

Gappe, s. gap, 4097; Gappis, pl. 4023.

Garisoun, s. healing, 3248; garrison, 4279.

Garnement, s. dress, 2256.

Garners, s. pl. C 6810.

Garnisoun, fortress, 4204.

Gate, s. dat. gate, C 7425.

Gate, s. way, wise, 3332, 5167, 5230 (Northern).

Gaweyn, Gawain, 2209.

Gayl, s. gaol, 4745.

Gees, s. pl. geese, C 7040.

Generacioun, s. reproduction, 4858.

Genius (personified), 4768.

Gentil, adj. of gentle birth, 1987.

Gentilman, s. gentleman, 2197.

Gentilnesse, s. kindness, 4605; good breeding, 2005; nobility, 5237.

Gerner, s. garner, C 5988; Gerners, pl. 5702.

Gesse, s. supposition; withoute gesse, doubtless, 2817.

Gest, s. guest, 5106.

Geten, pp. gotten, 5701; Gete, pp. 1771.

Geting, s. obtaining, attainment, 3284.

Gibbe, Gib (Gilbert), a name for a cat, C 6204. ​

Ginne, s. warlike engine, 4176.

Ginneth, pr. s. begins, 2154.

Ginning, s. beginning, 4332, 4670.

Girdil, s. girdle, 3719.

Gisarme, s. a weapon bearing a scythe-like blade fixed on a shaft and provided also with a spear-point like a bayonet, C 5978. See the drawing in Fairholt's Costume in England, i. 216. O.F. guisarme.

Giterne, ger. to play on the guitar, 2321.

Glorifye, v. boast (themselves), feel glory, 5450. F. text, s'en glorefient.

Glose, s. gloss, comment, C 6556, 7145.

Glose, v. flatter, 5097; Glosed, pp. glossed, explained, C 6890.

Glotouns, s. pl. gluttons, rapacious persons, 4307.

Gloumbe, v. frown, look glum, 4356.

Gnede, s. stingy person, C 6002. (Miswritten grede; cf. A.S. gnēð).

Go, pp. gone, 2423; empty, C 6834.

Golden Verses (of Pythagoras), 5650.

Golet, s. gullet, C 7046.

Gonfanoun, s. gonfanon, gonfalon, banner, 2018.

Good-Hope (personified), 2768, 2769, 2781.

Goodlihede, s. goodness, 4604.

Goodly, adv. kindly, 3002; courteously, 2319; generously, 5289; pleasantly, 2307.

Gospel Perdurable, The Everlasting Gospel, C 7102. See note.

Gospelere, s. evangelist, C 6887.

Gote, s. goat, 5384.

Governaunce, s. safe custody, 4287.

Governinges, s. pl. powers, i.e. control, C 7266.

Grace, s. grace, exceptional favour, 5128.

Graithe, v. dress, array, C 7368.

Gras, s. herb, 1759.

Graunt, v. accede, 5291.

Graunt mercy, best thanks, C 7504.

Gredy, adj. greedy, 5696.

Gree, (1) s. way (lit. grade); in no maner gree, in no kind of way, 5743.

Gree, (2) s. favour; atte gree, favourably, with favour, 4574; take at gree, accept with a good will, 1969, 2105, 3001; in gree, in good part, 2306.

Grene, adj. fresh, 1860, 2128.

Greneth, pr. s. shews green, becomes green, 4332.

Grete, (1) pr. pl. subj. greet, salute, C 6917; Grette, pt. s. greeted, C 7430.

Grete, (2) 1 pr. s. weep, lament, 4116 (Northern).

Grevaunce, s. pain, smarting, harm, 1866, 3528, 4273, 4284.

Greve, v. grieve, harm, afflict, vex, 2330, 3074, 4599; ger. to trouble, 4169; to attack, 4015; Greven, v. smart, 1870; Greve, pr. pl. trouble, 2349; 2 pr. s. subj. grieve, afflict, C 6066; Greved, pp. grieved, troubled, 4629; made to smart, 4047.

Greves, s. pl. thickets, 3019.

Greye, adj. pl. gray, C 7258.

Greyn, s. grain, 4338, 5590.

Groffe, adv. on thy belly, face downward, 2561.

Groine, pr. s. subj. grumble, murmur, C 7049. See Groyn (2) on p. 118.

Grone, v. groan, 2299; 1 pr. s. 4116.

Groning, s. Groaning (personified), 5000.

Grounde, pp. ground, sharpened, 1823.

Grucchen, pr. pl. subj. grumble at, begrudge, C 6465.

Grucching, s. grudging, refusal, C 6439; Grumbling (personified), 5000.

Grype, v. seize, C 5983; Grypeth, pr. s. grasps, C 7286.

Guerdoning, s. reward, 2380, C 5908.

Gunne, s. gun, 4176; Gunnes, pl. guns (machines for casting stones), 4191.

Gyde, s. guide, 2429.

Gyle, guile, C 6198.

Gyle, ger. to beguile, 4294; Gyled, pp. beguiled persons, C 6824. ​

Gyler, s. beguiler, 5759; Gylours, pl. beguilers, C 6824.

Gype, s. frock; perhaps a smock-frock (alluding to the numerous gathers in the front of it), C 7262.

Gyse, s. guise, way, plan, 4292.

 

Ha, v. have, 5569.

Habit, s. religious habit, C 6153; dress, C 6192; see Abit.

Habitacioun, s. dwelling, C 6226.

Hade, 2 pt. s. haddest, 2400.

Halle, s. hall, mansion, C 6571.

Halp, pt. s. helped, 1911.

Halt, pr. s. refl. considers himself, 4901; keeps, C 7032.

Hampre, v. hamper, embarrass, worry, C 6426, 6445.

Hangith, pr. s. hangs (i.e. slays), 4933.

Happe, s. chance, C 7584; in happe, by chance, 3284.

Happe, v. happen, C 5937.

Harde, adv. rigorously, C 5855.

Hardement, s. courage, 1827, 2487, 3392.

Hardinesse, s. boldness, C 5854, 5861.

Hardy, adj. daring, 3061; presumptuous, 3364.

Harlotes, s. pl. rascals, ribalds, C 6068. See note.

Harm, s. grief, 2595.

Harneis, s. armour, gear, C 7477.

Harneys, v. refl. dress, equip thyself, 2647.

Harpe, ger. to play on the harp, 2322.

Hastily, adv. speedily, 1933.

Hat, s. hat, 2277.

Hat, adj. hot, 2398.

Hateful, adj. 4703.

Hatter, adj. comp. hotter, more hotly, 2475.

Haunt, v. practise, 4868; Haunten, ger. to haunt, frequent, C 6601; Haunte, pr. s. subj. practise, C 7029.

Haunting, s. haunt, abode, C 6081.

Hauteyn, adj. haughty, C 6101; Hauteyne, fem. 3739.

Hauteynly, adv. haughtily, C 5820.

Havoir, s. having, 4720.

Hawethorn, s. hawthorn, 4002.

Haye, s. hedge, 2971; Hay, 2987; Hayes, pl. 3175.

Heed, s. arrow-head, 1749, 1784, 1809.

Heest, s. commandment, C 6432; Heeste, promising, 4475; Heestis, pl. commands, C 6283.

Hegge, s. hedge, 2968.

Hele, v. conceal, 2858; ger. 2522; pr. pl. C 6882; pr. s. subj. (F. text, celent), 5214.

Hele, s. health, 4721.

Heles, s. pl. heels, C 7488.

Helping, s. aid, comfort, 4618; advancement, 1994.

Hem, pron. them, 2218.

Hemmes, s. pl. hems, phylacteries, C 6912.

Hem-silf, pron. themselves, 4877.

Hen, s. C 6856.

Hend, adj. ready, useful, 3345.

Hennes, adv. hence, 4922; Hens, 2136.

Hennesforth, henceforth, 4085.

Hente, ger. to seize, 3364; pt. s. 1730, 4092; pt. pl. snatched, C 7136; Hent, pp. plucked, C 7644.

Hepis, s. pl. heaps, 5598.

Herber, imp. pl. take up your abode, C 7586; Herberedest, 2 pt. s. didst harbour, 5107. Old text, herberest; F. text, hostelas.

Herbergere, s. host, entertainer, C 7585; Herbergeours, pl. guest-masters, 5000.

Herberwe, s. shelter, lodging, C 6201, 7495.

Herberwe, v. shelter, lodge, C 6145; Herbered, pp. harboured, C 7582. See Herber.

Herde, s. shepherd, C 6453; Herdis, pl. C 6561.

Here-biforn, adv. heretofore, C 7305.

Heremyte, s. hermit, C 6481.

Herie, pr. pl. honour, praise, C 6241. A.S. herian.

Hering, s. audience, C 6073. F. text, audiance.

Hering, pres. pt. hearing; h. ech wight, whilst each person listens, C 6120.

Herkeneth, imp. pl. listen to, C 7646. ​

Hermitage, s. C 6995.

Hertly, adj. true-hearted, 5433.

Hestes, pl. commands, C 6048. See Heest.

Het, pp. heated, 3709.

Hete, s. heat, C 7114.

Heten, v. promise, C 6299.

Hidirto, adv. hitherto, 3412.

Hieghst, adv. highest, 4363.

Hight, pr. s. is named, C 6341; pp. promised, 2803.

Hinder, adj. rearward, C 5850.

Hindren, pr. pl. hinder, 5297.

Hodes, s. pl. hoods, C 7256.

Hoked, adj. hooked, furnished with hooks, 1712; barbed, 1749.

Hold, s. keeping, C 6878; possession, C 5843.

Holde, ger. to hold to, to observe, C 6019; Holden, v. keep, hold to, C 7303.

Hole, adj. whole, complete, 5443 (see note).

Holily, adv. in a holy way, 5749.

Holtes, s. pl. plantations, C 6996.

Homager, s. vassal, 3288.

Homages, s. pl. acts of homage, 2044.

Honde, s. hand; in allusion to the act of doing homage, 4681; to h., close, 4198; Honden, dat. pl. C 6665.

Hondwerk, s. handiwork, manual labour, C 6683.

Honest, adj. virtuous, 3058; just, 5288.

Honestee, s. innocence, purity, 4257.

Hood, s. hood; two hedes, two heads in one hood, C 7388.

Hoolly, adv. wholly, 1970.

Hoomly, adj. homely, familiar, C 6320.

Hoor, adj. gray-haired, C 6335; Hore, adj. hoary, gray, 3196; pl. hoary (a frequent epithet of trees, perhaps with reference to trees of great age), C 6996.

Hoost, s. host, army, C 5826.

Hores, s. pl. harlots, C 7033.

Hornes, s. pl. horns (of the moon), 5340.

Hornpypes, s. pl. musical instruments, formed of pipes made of horn, 4250. See note.

Horriblete, s. horrible wickedness, C 7189.

Hors, s. horse, C 7392.

Hospitelers, s. pl. Knights-Hospitallers, C 6693.

Hostages, s. pl. hostages, pledges, 2043.

Hostilers, s. as adj. pl. keeping an inn, C 7033.

Hoteth, pr. s. promises, 5422; Hoten, pr. pl. 5444; Hote, imp. s. 3385

Hound, s. dog, C 7287.

Housel, s. the eucharist, C 6386. A.S. hūsel.

Housel, v. give the Host (to), C 6438.

Hulstred, pp. concealed, hidden, C 6146. From A.S. heolstor, a hiding-place.

Humanitee, s. human nature, 5655.

Humble, adj. humble, C 6154.

Humblely, adv. humbly, C 7429.

Hurten, pt. pl. do harm, are injurious, C 6524.

Hy, s. haste; in hy, in haste, 2393, 3591.

Hyde, s. skin, C 7315.

Hyding, s. hiding, C 6147.

 

Icching, s. itching, 2450.

Ich, pron. I, C 6787.

If, conj. if (i.e. if the matter be wisely inquired into), 4454.

Imped, pp. engrafted, 5137.

Imperial, adj. civil (in contradistinction to ecclesiastical), C 6419.

Impes, s. pl. grafts, C 6293.

Importable, adj. insupportable, insufferable, C 6902.

Importune, adj. importunate, 5632.

Incarnacioun, s. incarnation, C 7096.

Indigent, adj. 5695.

Infaunce, s. infancy, 5006.

In-fere, adv. together, 4827.

Infortune, s. Misfortune (personified), 5493, 5551.

Inne, s. inn, 5107.

Inne, adv. in, 5108.

Ire, s. Anger (personified), 4997.

Irish, adj. Irish, 3811.

Isse, v. issue, 1992. ​

 

I = J (consonant).

Iacobin (jakobin), s. a Dominican friar, C 7456; Iacobyn, C 6338.

Iangleth (jangleth), pr. s. prattles, C 7540; Iangling, prating, 3822.

Iangling (jangling), s. prating, chattering, C 5852; Iangelinges, pl. idle words, C 6711.

Iape (jaapə), s. jest, C 7519; Iapes, pl. tricks, C 6835.

Iape, 1 pr. s. mock, scoff at, C 6471.

Ie vous die, I tell you, C 7408.

Ielousy (jeluusii), Jealousy (personified), 3820.

Iohan, St. John, C 7167, 7180.

Iolily, adv. after a jolly sort, C 7031; pleasantly, 2248; nicely, neatly, 2284; Iolyly, richly, deservedly, C 7664.

Ioly, adj. fine, gay, C 7248.

Iolynesse, s. jolliness, joy, 2302.

Ioweles (juwéélez), s. pl. jewels, 5420; Iowellis, 2092.

Ioyne, 1 pr. s. enjoin, 2355; Ioynt, pp. joined, 2037.

Iupartye, s. jeopardy, 2666; Iupardye, 4950.

Iustinian, Justinian, C 6615.

Iustyce, s. judgement, C 7036; Iustice, right, claim, 2077.

 

Kembe, imp. s. comb, 2284.

Kenne, v. show, teach, 2476.

Kepe, s. heed, 3475.

Kepe, v. keep; kepe forth, perpetuate, 4854; 1 pr. s. care, C 6440; keep, 3476; care, wish, C 6083; Kepen, pr. pl. care, C 6093; Kept, pp. taken heed (of himself), C 6944.

Kernels, s. pl. battlements, 4195. F. text, les creniaus.

Kerving, pres. pt. as adj. cutting, 3813.

Kesse, v. kiss, 2006. (MS. and Th. kysse.)

Key, s. C 7091; Keye, 2080, 2088, 2090, 2093.

Keye, Sir Kay of the Round Table, 2206, 2211.

Kid, pp. made known, 2172; evident, 3132.

Kinde, s. dat. nature, 2288; Nature, 4865; Kindes, gen. 4854.

Kirked, adj. crooked (?), 3137. See note.

Knele, imp. s. kneel, C 7697.

Knet, pp. knit, fastened, 4700, 4811; Knette, pp. pl. fast bound, 2092.

Knewe, 1 pt. s. subj. disclosed, C 6090.

Knopped, pp. fastened (?), C 7260. A knoppe is properly a button; hence, perhaps, knoppen is to fasten with a button.

Knowing, s. knowledge, C 6139, 6454.

Knowleching, s. knowledge, 4676.

Knyf, s. knife, C 5823.

 

Laas, s. toils, snare, C 6029, 6648. See Lace.

Labour, s. effort; doon labour, make an effort, C 5881; Labour (personified), 4994.

Laboure, v. toil for, C 6688.

Lace, s. cord, string, C 7373; net, 2792; snare, 5093. See Laas.

Laced, pp. entangled, caught, 3178.

Lad, pp. led, 1794.

Ladder, s. C 6933, 6937.

Lakke, 2 pr. pl. blame, 4804.

Lambren, s. pl. lambs, C 7013; Lambis, C 6261.

Lame, adj. pl. lame, C 6639.

Lamprey, s. lamprey (fish), C 7038.

Langour, s. bodily weakness, C 6724.

Langoure, 1 pr. s. languish for (?), 2592.

Large, adj. free, 4144; liberal, lavish, 2696.

Largesse, s. liberality, 2354; C 5853.

Las, s. net, 2790. See Laas, Lace.

Lasse, adv. less, 3751.

Laste, v. live, survive, 1956; Last, pr. s. lasts, 5714.

Late, ger. to let, permit, allow, 3145, C 6676; v. let, 5574; Laten, v. let, C 6283; Lat. pr. s. lets remain, 5493.

Lauhwith, pr. s. laughs (see footnote), 2294. F. text, rit.

Lay, s. law, religious belief, C 6749; Cristen lay, the Gospel, C 6545. ​

Lay to, v. lay to, apply to, 2662.

Leautee, s. loyalty, C 5959, 6006.

Leche, s. leech, physician, 1758, 2826, 4617.

Lecherye, s. Lechery (personified), 3911.

Leding, s. leading, following, C 5863.

Leef, adj. willing, 2335.

Lees, s. pl. lies; withouten lees, truly, 3904, 5728.

Leest, adj. superl. least, 2266.

Lefte, 1 pt. s. was left, remained, 3335; pt. s. 1908.

Leful, adj. allowable, permissible, 5195. Lit. 'leave-ful.'

Leggen, ger. ease, relieve, 5016. (Short for aleggen.)

Leke, s. leek, 5374, 5730; at a l., at the worth of a leek, 4830.

Lemes, s. pl. rays, 5346. A.S. lēoma.

Lemman, s. sweetheart, C 6056, 6305.

Lene, adj. lean, 5104.

Lene, v. lend, 3053, C 7026.

Lening, s. lending; in lening, as a loan, 2373.

Lepand, pres. part. running (with short jumps), 1928. F. venus ... les sans menus.

Lere, ger. to teach, 2143, 2149; v. teach, 5152; learn, 2451, 4808.

Lered, adj. learned, C 6217.

Lese, v. lose, C 5915, 5924; Lesen of, lose (some) of, 1993; Lese, 1 pr. s. 4425; Lesith, pr. s. 2149; Lesith, pr. s. loses, 4915 (where the reading lese, lose, would improve both sense and metre).

Lesing, s. lie, falsehood, 2174, 4835, C 6222, 7292.

Let, pr. s. leads (his life), C 6111. From infin. leden.

Lete, v. cease, 2463; leave, C 6457; let alone, C 6556; abandon, C 6169; allow, permit, 6458; 1 pr. s. leave, C 6354 (see note); abandon, C 6997; Leten, pp. let, 1791.

Lette, s. let, hindrance, 3756.

Letten, v. hinder, 3590; Lette, v. C 6365; delay, 3940; stop, 1832; cease, 2807; desist, 1832; Let, pp. hindered, 4487, C 6026.

Letter, s. writing, 4805.

Letting, s. hindrance, C 5931.

Lettred, adj. learned, C 7691.

Lettrure, s. literature, writing, C 6751.

Leve, v. leave, C 6044; neglect, C 6610; 1 pr. s. abandon, 5163; 2 pr. s. subj. eschew, 2177.

Leve, v. believe, 3303; Leven, v. 5407.

Leve, v. live, 2336.

Lever, adv. rather, C 6793; me were lever, I had rather, C 6168.

Lewd, adj. lay (folk), the ignorant, C 6217.

Lewedist, adj. superl. most ignorant, 4802.

Leye, pt. pl. lay, lived, C 6572. F. text, gisoient.

Leye, v. lay, 4149.

Licenced, pp. C 7692.

Liche, adv. alike, equally, 4160.

Licour, s. liquor, 4178.

Liege man, s. man bound by homage, 4647.

Ligging, pres. part. lying down, 4002.

Likerous, adj. licentious, 4264.

Likketh, pr. s. licks, C 6502.

Likly, adj. similar, 4852.

Limes, s. pl. limbs, 2814.

Linages, s. pl. lineage, descent, 2190.

Lippe, s. lip, 2226.

Lisse, v. abate, 4128; ger. to be eased, to feel relief, 3758.

List, s. pleasure, will, 1957.

List, pr. s. wishes, C 6139.

Listes, s. pl. lists, tilting-ground, 4199.

Logged, pp. lodged, 4995.

Loigne, s. tether, 3382 (see note), C 7050.

Loke, pp. locked up, 2092.

Long; of long passed, of old, 3377.

Longith, pr. s. befits, 2321; Longeth, 2197.

Looking, s. look, expression, C 7412.

Loos, s. renown, reputation, 2310, C 6103; ill fame, C 7081. O. F. los.

Lordship, s. kingdom, 4658.

Lorn, pp. lost, 4327, 4502, 4508, C 5973; Loren, 1740. ​

Losengeours, s. pl. deceivers, 2693.

Lot, s. lot, 4239.

Loteby, s. paramour, C 6339.

Lothe, pr. s. subj. loathe, 5610.

Lough, pt. s. laughed, C 7295.

Loure, pr. s. subj. lour, lower, scowl, C 7049.

Loute, v. bow, 4384; bow down, C 7336; pr. pl. subj. bow down, C 6917.

Love, God of, 1715, 1878, &c.

Loveden, pt. pl. subj. loved, 5792.

Loving, s.; Of loving, in love, 2333.

Lowe, ger. to appraise, i.e. to be valued at, 4532. F. louer; see Allow in the N. E. Dict.

Loyaltee, s. loyal cause, C 6783.

Luce, s. pike (fish), C 7039.

Lucre, s. gain, 5323.

Lure, ger. to allure, 3883.

Lust, s. desire, 2049.

Lustinesse, s. lustfulness, 5118.

Lusty, adv. pleasant, 2163.

Lye, v. lie, 4246.

Lyer, s. liar, C 6542.

Lyf, life; by his lyf, in his life-time, C 5955.

Lyflode, s. livelihood, 5602, C 6663.

Lyken, v. please, 1854, C 6131.

Lyk even, adv. equally, C 6144.

Lyking, s. joy, 4428.

Lyklinesse, s. likelihood, C 7544.

Lyte, adj. little, small, 2279, 3557, C 6741.

Lyte, adv. little, C 7551.

Lythe, adj. delicate, 3762.

Lyve, s. life-time, C 6872. F. text, Les proprietés et les vies.

 

Maat, adj. bewildered, overcome, 1739. See Mate.

Mace, s. mace, club, C 5823.

Maistrye, s. lordship, C 5930; success, especial benefit, C 6080; Maistry, mastery, 4396.

Maistryse, s. strength, dominion, 4172.

Make, ger. to cause, C 5931; pr. pl. propound, C 6186.

Male, s. bag, wallet, 3263; money-bag, C 6376.

Malencoly, s. Melancholy (personified), 4998.

Maltalent, s. ill-will, ill-humour, 3438.

Man, s. 'man,' i.e. servant, vassal, 2035, 3530.

Manace, s. reproach, 4007.

Manace, v. menace, threaten, 3161, 3373.

Mangonel, s. a military engine on the principle of the sling-staff for casting stones, a catapult, C 6279.

Mansioun, s. dwelling, 4908.

Mantel, s. mantle, 5252.

Mar, adj. greater, 2215; adv. more, 1854.

Marchandise, s. merchandise, barter, C 5902.

Marchaunt, s. merchant, 5591; seller, C 5905.

Mare, adv. more, 2709.

Markes, pl. marks (coins), C 5986. (The silver mark was worth 13s. 4d.)

Marreth, pr. s. disfigures, 4679.

Martir, s. martyr, 1875.

Martirdom, s. martyrdom, C 6251.

Martyr, s. martyrdom, torment, 2547; Martyre, 2771.

Masoun, s. mason, 4148.

Mate, adj. distracted, 5099; downcast, 4671; dispirited, 3167, 3190. See Maat.

Mathew, St. Matthew, C 6887.

Maugree, s. ill-will, 4399; reproach, 3144; prep. in spite of, C 6711; maugre youres, in spite of you, C 7645; maugre his, against his will, 2386, C 5933.

May, pr. pl. can, C 6460.

May, the month, 3222, 3978, 4748.

Mayde, s. serving-woman, C 6346.

Mayme, v. maim, C 6620; Maymeth, pr. s. wounds, 5317; Meygned, pp. maimed, 3356.

Maysondewe, s. hospital, 5619.

Medle, v. interfere, 3788; Medle, v. refl. meddle; m. him of, deal with, C 6050; to medle, for meddling, 4545; Medle, 2 pr. pl. refl. have intercourse (with them), C 6036.

Meke, v. mollify, 3394; have mercy, 3541; Meken, v. humble, 2244; Meked, pt. s. refl. humbled himself, 3584. ​

Mekenesse, s. mercy, 3542.

Memorie, s. remembrance, 5752.

Men of religioun, monks, C 6194.

Mendicitee, s. poverty, begging, C 6534; Mendicitees, pl. begging, C 6525.

Mendience, s. beggary, mendicancy, C 6657, 6707.

Mene, s. mean, middle state, C 6527.

Mene, adj. middle, mean, 4844.

Mene, 1 pr. s. bemoan, 2596.

Menour, Minorite, Franciscan friar, C 6338.

Merciable, adj. merciful, 1864.

Merke, adj. pl. murky, dim, 5339.

Merveilous, adj. marvellous, 2297.

Merveyle, v. marvel, 2269; Merveile, 1 pr. s. marvel (at), 2062.

Mes, s.; at good mes, at a favourable opportunity, 3462. See note.

Messager, s. messenger, C 6975.

Mesure, s. measure, 5026; moderation, 3584.

Mete, adj. meet, fitted, 1799.

Mete, v. meet, succeed, 4571; Mette, pt. pl. met, C 7429.

Mevable, adj. moveable, 4736.

Meve, v. move, incite, 2327.

Me-ward; to me-ward, to me, 3327.

Mewe, s. coop, cage, (a falconry term), 4778.

Meygned, pp. hurt, maimed, 3356. See Mayme.

Meynee, s. household, C 6870, 7156.

Meynt, pp. mingled, 1920; Meynd, 2296. From infin. mengen.

Mich, adj. much, many, 2258; Miche, 5555.

Mich, adv. much; as m. as, as much as, 3469.

Micher, s. thief, C 6541.

Miches, s. pl. small loaves of finest wheaten flour, 5585. See note.

Mighty, adj. able, C 6618; robust, C 6573.

Milayne, Milan, C 7023.

Milken, v. yield milk, 5418. F. text, aleite.

Minde, s. memory, 2806; remembrance, C 7126.

Minstrelles, s. pl. minstrels, C 7460; (i.e. if they had been such minstrels as they had once been).

Mirthe, Mirth, 3234.

Mis, adj. amiss, wrong, 3243.

Mischaunce, s. ill hap, 4405; ill luck; with m., with ill luck (upon him), 4252; with a mischief (upon you), C 7581.

Mischeef, s. misfortune, C 6731; evil case, 2447; at m., in misfortune, 3998.

Misdo, v. do amiss, offend, 3671.

Misericorde, s. mercy, 3577.

Mishapping, part. pres. mishappening, 5543.

Missayere, s. evil speaker, 2231.

Misse, v. fail to get, 5646.

Misseye, ger. to speak evil, 2205.

Misseying, s. evil-speaking, 2207.

Mister, s. occupation, trade, C 6976; whatever mister, of every kind of occupation, C 6332. F. text, ge sui de tous mestiers.

Mistere, s. necessity, need, C 7409; Mister, need, 2787, 5614, C 6078, 6519, 6581, 7326.

Misturning, s. turning amiss, a change for the worse, 5545.

Miswent, pp. gone astray, C 7184, 7490.

Miswey, adv. astray, 4764.

Mixens, s. pl. dunghills, C 6496.

Mo, adj. pl. others besides, 3023; more (in number), C 5990.

Mochel, adj. great, 3117; to m., too much, 3442.

Moeble, s. moveable property, wealth that is readily transferred, C 6045.

Moeve, v. move, i.e. prefer, make, C 6039.

Moleste, v. refl. vex himself, 5274.

Mone, s. moan, 2300.

Moneste, 1 pr. s. admonish, charge, 3579.

Monyours, s. pl. coiners, C 6811.

Mood, s. anger, 5162.

Morcels, s. pl. morsels, C 6179.

Morne, v. mourn, 4315; lament, 4361.

Morowe; by the m., in the morning, 2904.

Mortere, s. mortar, 4177.

Mot, pr. s. must, 3784; so mote I go, as I hope to walk about, C 6591.

Mowe, v. be able, 2644. ​

Moyses, Moses, C 6889.

Musard, s. muser, dreamer, C 7562; Musarde, sluggard, 3256, 4034; dolt, C 7562.

Muse, imp. s. meditate, dally, dream, C 7562.

Muwis, s. pl. bushels, 5590. Th. mauys; F. muis; see note.

Myle-wey, s. the distance of a mile, C 7054.

Mynen, pr. pl. undermine, C 6291.

Myte, s. mite, half-farthing, 5762; small bit, C 7552.

Mytre, s. mitre, C 6470.

 

Name, s. good name, 4195; renown, 4025.

Nappe, s. nap, short sleep, 4005.

Narwe, adv. narrowly, 4245; sharply, quickly, 1906.

Nathelesse, nevertheless, C 6195.

Ne, conj. unless, 4858.

Nede, adv. necessarily, C 7633.

Nedely, adv. necessarily, needs must, C 6117.

Neden, v. be necessary, C 5990.

Nedes, s. pl. necessities, C 6174. Old text, nede; F. text, besoignes.

Nedes, adv. of necessity, 1792.

Neer, adv. nearer, 1708. See Nerre.

Neigh it nere, v. approach it more nearly, 2003. See Nyghe.

Nempned, pp. named, mentioned, C 6224.

Nere, adj. nigh, 1818.

Nere, adv. nearer, 1775, 1786, 2442.

Nere, were not, were it not for, 2778; were there not, 2778; had it not been for, C 7328.

Nerre, adj. comp. nearer, 5101.

Nest, s. kennel, C 6504.

Netles, s. pl. nettles, 1712.

Nettis, pl. nets, C 6183.

Neven, v. name, C 5962; Nevene, v. recount, C 7071.

Nigard, s. niggard, miser, 5373.

Nil, pr. s. will not, C 5821, 6045.

Nobilitee, s. nobleness, worth, 5651.

Noblesse, s. nobility, high estate, C 6009.

Nomen, pt. pl. took, C 7423; pp. taken, 5404.

Noncerteyne, adj. uncertain, 5426.

Nones, for the, for the nonce, occasionally, C 7387.

Nonne, s. nun, C 6350; Nonnes, pl. C 6864; Nonnis, 3865.

Noot, 1 pr. s. know not, C 6367.

Noriture, s. bringing up, C 6728.

Normandye, Normandy, 4234.

Normans, s. pl. Normans, C 5852.

Norys, s. nurse, 5418.

Not, 1 pr. s. know not, 5191.

Note-kernel, s. nut-kernel, C 7117.

No-thing, adv. not at all, C 6563.

Nought but, only, C 6284.

Noye, s. hurt, 3772.

Noyen, ger. to vex, 4416.

Noyous, adj. harmful, 3230, 4449.

Noyse, s. evil report, 3971.

Nyce, adj. foolish, silly, 4262, 4877, C 6944.

Nycetee, s. foolishness, 5525.

Nyghe, v. draw nigh, approach, 1775. See Neigh.

 

Obedience, s. the monastic vow of obedience, 4923.

Obeysshing, s. submission, 3380.

Obscure, adj. dark, 5348.

Observe, pr. s. subj. keep himself, 2024.

Odour, s. odour, smell, 1845.

Of, prep. out of, owing to, 3981; concerning (Lat. de), 4884; off, 5470; (some) of, (part) of, 1993; or it may mean 'by,' 'on account of.'

Offense, s. discomfort, 5677.

Official, s. officer, C 6420.

Of-newe, adv. newly, afresh, 5169.

Ofter, adv. comp. oftener, C 7379.

Onerous, adj. burdensome, 5633.

Onis, adv. once, 2610, 4127.

Onlofte, prep. aloft, on high, 5503.

Oon, adj. one, 4812; Oo, 4812; in oon, for long together, without change, 3779.

Ordeyne, v. order, dispose, C 7019.

Ordure, s. filth, 2758.

Orisoun, s. prayer, praying, C 6604.

Ostages, s. pl. hostages, 2064, C 7311.

Oth, s. oath, C 6019.

Other, another, 2045.

Other-gate, adv. otherwise, 2158.

Ought, adv. at all, in any way, C 6096. ​

Outake, prep. except, 4474. See Out-take.

Outerly, adv. wholly, utterly, 3489, 3742, C 5924.

Outrage, s. wrong, 2082, 2086; scandalous life, 4927; outrageous deeds, C 6024. (Mistranslated; see note).

Outrageous, adj. exceeding great, 2602; ill-behaved, 2192.

Outslinge, v. pay up, produce, fling out, C 5987.

Out-take, prep. except, C 5819; Outake, 4474.

Over-al, adv. everywhere, 3050, 3914, 3917, 5509, C 6091, C 6840.

Overgo, v. pass away, 3784; Overgoth, pr. pl. trample on, C 6821.

Overwhelme, v. roll over, 3775.

Owe, 1 pr. s. owe, 2736; Ow, 1 pr. s. ought, 4413.

Oynement, s. ointment, 1889.

 

Page, s. page, lacquey, C 6333.

Palasyns, adj. pl. belonging to the palace; ladyes palasyns, court ladies, C 6862. F. text, dames palasines.

Paleys, s. palace, 4999.

Papelard, s. hypocrite, deceiver, C 7283.

Papelardye, s. hypocrisy, C 6796.

Paper, s. paper, C 6584.

Parables, s. pl. Proverbs, C 6530.

Parage, s. parentage, descent, 4759.

Par-amour, with devotion, 2830.

Paramour, s. paramour, lover, 5060.

Paramours, s. pl. paramours (?), 4831. But see the note.

Paramours, adv. with a lover's affection, 4657. F. text, par amor.

Parceners, s. pl. partners, C 6952.

Parcuere, adv. by heart, 4796. F. text, par cuer.

Pardee, F. pardieu, 4433, C 5913.

Parfay, by my faith, C 6058.

Parfitly, adv. perfectly, 3126.

Paris, C 6554, 6766; Parys, C 7107.

Parlement, s. council, C 7358.

Paroche-prest, s. parish-priest, C 6384, 6442; Paroch-prest, C 6874.

Parochial, adj. of the parish, C 7687.

Part, s. duty, 5032.

Parte, v. divide, 5283.

Party, s. part; in party, partially, 5338.

Parvys, s. room over a church-porch, C 7108.

Pas; a pas, apace, quickly, 3724. (Not in the F. text.)

Passage, s. journey, 2443, 2714.

Passaunt, adj. surpassing, 3110.

Passe, v. penetrate, 1751.

Passioun, s. suffering, 3277.

Patre, v. recite the paternoster, C 6794; Patren, ger. C 7243.

Paunche, s. paunch, C 6487.

Pay, s. satisfaction, C 5938; liking, taste, 1721; me to pay, to my satisfaction, C 6985.

Paye, ger. to appease, 3599; Payed, satisfied, 4901; paid, C 6035.

Payne, s. pain, 4391.

Peire of bedis, s. rosary, C 7372.

Peire, v. damage, C 6103. Short for apeire.

Penaunce, s. penance, sorrow, 4607.

Pens, s. pl. pence, C 5987.

Pensel, s. a standard, ensign, or banner, (particularly of bachelers-in-arms), a pennoncel, C 6280.

Pensif, adj. pensive, 2446.

Peny, s. penny, 5542 (see note); C 5842.

Pepir, s. pepper, (metaphorically) mischief; Hem such pepir brewe, make it unpleasant for them, C 6028.

Perauntre, adv. peradventure, 5192.

Percas, adv. perchance, C 6647.

Perchemin, s. parchment, C 6584.

Perdurable, adj. everlasting; Gospel Perdurable, C 7102, 7182.

Pere, adj. peer, equal, 2567.

Persaunt, adj. piercing, 2809; sharp, 4179.

Persoun, s. parson, priest, C 7683.

Pese, ger. to appease, 3397.

Pesible, adj. peaceable, gentle, C 7413.

Peter, C 7166, 7173; Peters, gen. 7200.

Peyne, s. penalty, C 6626; pain, hardness, 2120; Pain (personified), 4997; up peyne, on pain (of death), C 6617. ​

Peyne, v. refl. endeavour, C 7512; Peyneth, pr. s. refl. takes pains, C 6014.

Pharisen, pl. Pharisees, C 6893.

Phebus, the sun, 5342.

Pictagoras, Pythagoras, 5649.

Pilgrimage, s. C 7364.

Pilgrimes, s. pl. pilgrims, C 7427.

Pilowe, s. pillow, 4003.

Piment, s. spiced wine or ale, C 6027.

Pitaunces, s. pl. provisions, doles, C 6175, 7075.

Pitee, Pity, C 5865.

Pith, s. pith, C 7172.

Pitous, adj. excusable, deserving pity, 4734; merciful, C 6161.

Pitously, adv. dolefully, 4006.

Plastre, s. plaster, 5474.

Plat, adv. flat, flatly, 1734, C 7526.

Pley, s. pleasure, 4735; Pleyes, pl. sports, 4290.

Pleyn, adv. plainly, 2053; clearly, 5662; entirely, 1957, 1970, 2269.

Pleyne, v. lament, complain, 2299, C 6405.

Pleynly forth, straightforwardly, C 6560.

Pleynt, s. complaint, C 6012; Pleyntes, pl. 2449.

Pliaunt, adj. pliant, submissive, 4386.

Plight, pt. s. plucked, 1745.

Plongeth, pr. s. plunges, 5472.

Plukke, v. pluck, C 5989.

Plye, v. bend, 4389.

Plyte, s. affair, C 5827.

Poeste, s. power, virtue, 2095.

Poignaunt, adj. piercing, sharp, 3813; Pugnaunt, keen, 1879.

Pole, s. pool, C 5966. See note.

Pope, s. C 6847.

Pore, adj. pl. poor (folk), 5801.

Port, s. demeanour, manner, 2038, 2192; Porte, 4622.

Porte-colys, s. portcullis, 4168.

Possed, pp. pushed, tossed, 4479; Posshed, pp. pushed, driven, 4625.

Potente, s. crutch, C 7417.

Poule, S. Paul, C 6661, 6679, 6776.

Poundes, s. pl. pounds, C 5986.

Poustee, s. power, influence, C 6533, 6957, 7679; dominion, C 6484.

Pover, adj. poor, C 6489.

Povert, s. poverty, C 6181.

Poynt, s. point; in poynt, at the point, about, 3186; Poyntis, pl. laces with tags, 2263.

Poynte, v. punctuate, 2157; Poyntith, pr. s. 2161.

Prece, ger. to press, 4198. See Prese.

Preched, pt. s. preached, C 6679.

Prechoures, s. pl. preachers, 5769.

Predicacioun, s. preaching, 5763.

Preise, 1 pr. s. value, appraise, 4830.

Prelacye, s. prelacy, C 6381.

Prelat, s. prelate, C 6328.

Prese, v. press; Preseth, pr. s. intrudes, C 7627; Presen, pr. pl. intrude, C 7629; Prese, imp. s. endeavour, 2899. See Prece.

Present, s. time present, 5012.

Presing, s. urging, C 6436.

Pressure, s. wine-press, 3692.

Pretendith, pr. pl. pretend, profess, 5202.

Preterit, s. time past, 5011.

Preve, v. prove, 4170; pr. s. subj. 5246.

Preving, s. proof, C 7543.

Preye, pr. pl. entreat, request, 2319.

Preys, s. praise, C 6930.

Preyse, 1 pr. s. value, esteem, 1983. F. pris.

Prikke, ger. to prick, 1836; Prikketh, pr. s. pricks, tickles, 2450; Prikke, pr. s. subj. pierce, C 6097; Prike, imp. s. gallop, 2314.

Principal, adj. chief, strong above the rest, 4166.

Prioresse, s. prioress, C 6349.

Pris, s. esteem, 2310.

Privee, adj. secret, 4297.

Priveleges, s. pl. privileges, i.e. the extraordinary jurisdiction granted to the Mendicants by various Bulls, C 6472.

Privetee, s. secret, 5526, C 6878, 6882; Privite, private affairs, 2876.

Procreacioun, s. procreation, 4822.

Procuratour, s. proctor, or procurator; a collector of alms for hospitals or sick persons, (see Nares' Glossary), C 6974. ​

Professioun, s. profession, i.e. the monastic vows, 4910.

Profit, s. profit, advantage, 5556, C 5927.

Profred, pt. s. offered, C 6680; Profering, pres. pt. offering, 1981.

Properly, adv. simply, only, C 7537.

Propre, adj. own, C 6565, 6592.

Propretee, s. ownership, property, wealth, C 6594, 6692, 6872.

Protheus, Proteus, C 6319.

Provable, adj. capable of proof, 5414.

Provende, s. prebend, allowance, or stipend, C 6931.

Proveth, pr. s. demonstrates, C 7667.

Provost, s. provost, prefect, C 6812, 7030.

Prow, s. profit, gain, 5806; Prowe, 1940.

Prowesse, s. prowess, 4519, C 5893.

Pryme temps, first beginning, 4534; the spring, 4747.

Prys, s. praise, 1972; price, C 5927.

Pryvileges, pl. privileges, C 6362.

Puff, s. puff, 4227.

Pugnaunt, adj. poignant, keen, 1879. See Poignant.

Pullaille, s. poultry, C 7043.

Pulle, v. pluck, strip, C 5984; pr. pl. flay, strip, C 6820.

Punyce, v. punish, C 7235.

Puple, s. rabblement, C 7159.

Purchas, s. gain, acquisition, C 6838.

Purchasen, ger. to procure, C 6607; Purchace, pr. pl. 5754.

Purpryse, s. park, enclosure (see note), 3987, 4171.

Purs, s. purse, 5542.

Pursue, imp. s. persevere, go on, 2316.

Purveaunce, s. provision, C 7326.

Purveye, ger. to provide, procure, 3339.

Put, pr. s. puts, 3556, 4444, C 5949.

Pyne, s. pains, endeavour, 1798; misery, C 6499.

Pynen, v. torment, punish, 3511.

 

Quaile-pype, s. a pipe used to call quails, C 7261.

Quaking, pres. pt. shaking, C 6495.

Quarel, s. quarrel, 4630.

Quarels, s. pl. square-headed crossbow-bolts, 1823.

Quarteyne, adj. quartan, occurring every fourth day; as s. quartan fever or ague, 2401.

Queme, ger. to please, C 7270. A.S. cwēman.

Quenche, v. be quenched, 5324.

Quene, s. quean, concubine, C 7032.

Querrour, s. quarry-man, hewer of stone, 4149.

Quethe, 1 pr. s. declare, bespeak; I quethe him quyte, I cry him quit, answering to the technical legal term, C 6999.

Queynt, adj. elegant, 2251; curious, fanciful, C 6342; strange, 5199; pleased, 3079; shewing satisfaction, 2038. 'Cointe, habile, ... joli, gentil, agréable, amiable'; Godefroy.

Queyntly, adv. neatly, easily, 4322.

Queyntyse, s. elegance, 2250.

Quik, adj. alive, 3523, 4070, 5056 (F. text, tout vif); al quik, all alive, C 7082.

Quikke lime, quick-lime, 4179.

Quitly, adv. quite, entirely, C 5843.

Quitte; pt. s. reflex.; quitte him, acquitted himself 3069; Quit, pp. requited, 3146, 6088; made amends for, 2599; rid, 1852.

Quook, 1 pt. s. quaked, 3163; pt. pl. 3966.

Quyte, pp. as adj. quit, C 5904; free, C 5910; perfect, entire, 2375; pl. alone, untouched, C 6852.

Quyte, v. acquit, release, C 6032; fulfil, 5032; 1 pr. s. release, C 6412; imp. s. requite, 2222, 4392.

 

Racyne, s. root, 4881.

Rage, s. rage, spite, 3809; malignity, venom, 1916; madness, 3292; in r., mad, 4523.

Ragges, s. pl. ragged clothes, 4752.

Ramage, adj. wild, 5384. O. F. ramage.

Rape, s. haste, 1929.

Rape, adv. quickly, C 6516.

Rasour, s. rasor, 1886, C 6197, 7420. ​

Rathe, adj. early, C 6650.

Rather, adv. comp. sooner, 1934, 4514.

Ravisable, adj. ravening, greedy for prey, C 7016.

Ravyne, s. ravening, plunder, C 6813.

Rebel, adj. rebellious, C 6400.

Rebellith, pr. s. rebels, 1937.

Recche, v. reck, 3296; what recchith me, what care I, 3447.

Recorded, pt. s. recorded, C 5845; pt. pl. C 5814.

Recreaundyse, s. cowardice, 2107, 4038.

Recreaunte, s. coward, 4090.

Recured, pp. recovered, 4920, 5124.

Rede, s. good advice, good counsel, 3859.

Rede, 1 pr. s. counsel, advise, 1932; read, 1819.

Reder, s. reader, 2161.

Redresse, s. redress, recompense, 5134.

Redressid, pp. redressed; to be redressid, to make amends, 3423.

Reed, s. advice, C 7328.

Refreyne, ger. to bridle, C 7511.

Reft, s. rift, 2661.

Refte, 2 pt. pl. deprived, 3562.

Refusen, v. refuse, C 7231.

Refuyt, s. refuge, escape, 3840.

Regiouns, pl. regions, C 6331.

Regned, pt. s. subj. reigned, ruled, 5793.

Reherses, pr. s. recounts, 5649; Reherse, 2 pr. pl. recount, C 6018; Rehersed, pp. made known, C 6083.

Rehete, v. cheer, console, C 6509. O. F. rehaiter.

Reisins, s. pl. fresh grapes, 3659.

Relees, s. relief, 2612; release, 4440.

Relesse, 1 pr. s. give up, C 6999; Relesed, pp. let go, given up, 3440.

Releve, ger. to relieve, C 6065.

Religioun, s. religious order, 3715; monastic life, C 6155.

Religious, adj. pious, C 6236; as s. a nun, C 6347; Religious folk, monastics, C 6149; Religious, adj. pl. as s. pl. monastics, C 6158.

Relyke, s. relic, precious treasure, 2673.

Remued, pt. s. moved, C 7432.

Rendre, v. recite, 4800.

Reneyed, 1 pt. s. subj. should renounce, C 6787.

Rente, s. income, 5668; Rent, 2256, C 6576.

Repaire, v. return, 4131; Repeire, 3573.

Repreef, s. reproof, reproach, 4974; Repref, C 7240.

Represented, pt. s. C 7402.

Repreve, s. reproach, 5261; Reprove, upbraiding, 5525.

Repreve, v. reprove, C 6990.

Requere, pr. s. subj. request, ask, 5233; Requered, pp. asked, 5277.

Rescous, s. service, endeavour to support, C 6749.

Resonables, adj. pl. reasonable, C 6760.

Resoun, s. correct manner, 2151; Reason (personified), 3034, 3037, &c.

Respyten, v. respite, let off, C 6084.

Resseyved, pt. pl. received, C 6251.

Reuthe, s. pity, 2059.

Reve, v. bereave; Reveth, pr. s. takes away, C 6254; Reved, pt. s. bereaved, 4351.

Reverse, v. overturn, 5468.

Reverte, v. bring back, C 7188.

Revolucioun, s. revolution, turn (of fortune's wheel), 4366.

Reward, s. regard, consideration, 3832.

Rewe, v. rue, be sorry, 4060; it wol me rewe, I shall be sorry, 5170; Rewen, v. take pity, 3460; Rewe, pr. s. subj. impers. it may grieve me, 1840; Rewing, pres. part. pitying, having pity, 3697; (old text, rennyng).

Reyne, v. rain down, fall as rain, 1822.

Reynes, Rennes (in Brittany), 3826.

Reyse, imp. s. extol, exalt, 2230.

Ribaned, pp. adorned with lace (of gold), 4752.

Ribaud, s. labourer, 5673 (see note); Ribaudes, pl. ribalds, C 7302.

Ribaudye, s. ribaldry, 2224; riotous living, 4926.

Richesse, s. Riches, C 5819. ​

Right, adj. strict, exact, 2147.

Right, adv. just, exactly, 5347; quite, C 6398, 6411; right nought, not at all, 2071.

Rimpled, adj. wrinkled, 4495.

Rind, s. bark (of a tree), 3121; Rinde, C 7169.

Riot, s. riot, 4954.

Riveling, pres. part. puckering, C 7262.

Robben, ger. to rob, 5686.

Robbours, s. pl. robbers, C 6823.

Robert, C 6337.

Robyn, Robin, C 6337; Ioly Robin, Robin the blithe, C 7455.

Rochet, s. linen garment, 4754.

Rode, s. dat. rood, cross, C 6564.

Rody, adj. ruddy, 3629.

Roignous, adj. scurvy, rotten, C 6190.

Roking, pres. part. rocking, quivering, trembling, 1906. Cf. Shak. Lucr. 262.

Romaunce, s. the Romance tongue, French, 2170; the language of romance, 3793; romance, 2148, 2154, 2168.

Rome, C 7192.

Ronne, pp. advanced, 4495.

Roo-venisoun, s. venison of the roe-deer, C 7048.

Rore, v. roar, C 7053.

Rose, s. Rose, C 7598.

Roser, s. rose-bush, 1789, 1826, 1833, 2967.

Rote, s. root, 1759.

Rought, 1 pt. s. recked, heeded, 1873; Roughte, 1 pt. s. subj. should not care, C 7061.

Route, s. company, C 7219.

Routhe, s. compassion, C 6012.

Rowe, adj. pl. rough, 1838.

Rude, adj. as pl. s. rude folks, common people, 2268.

Runge, pp. rung, 5266.

Ryse, v. rise, happen, come to pass, 3115.

Ryve, v. pierce, C 7161; be torn, 5393; Ryveth, pr. s. is torn, 5718.

 

Sad, adj. serious, staid, composed, 4627; Sadde, pl. heavy, grievous, C 6907.

Sadnesse, s. sobriety, discretion, 4940.

Sage, adj. wise, 3291.

Sage, s. wise man, 4646.

Sailen, v. assail, C 7338.

Sakked Freres, Fratres de Sacco, Friars of the Sack, C 7462.

Sakkes, pl. sacks, C 7073.

Salamon, Solomon, C 6529; Salamones, gen. C 6543.

Salowe, adj. sallow; but read falowe, i.e. fallow, C 7392.

Salue, ger. to salute, 2218; pr. s. subj. 2220; Salued, pt. s. saluted, C 7431; Salewe, imp. s. 2525.

Samons, s. pl. salmon, C 7039.

Sat, pt. s. impers. suited, 3810; Sate, pt. pl. sat (not a Chaucerian form), C 7478.

Saturnus, Saturn, C 5954.

Saugh, 2 pt. s. sawest, C 7453.

Sautere, s. psalter, C 7371.

Saverous, adj. according to taste, 2823; exquisite, 2812.

Savetee, s. safety, salvation, C 6869.

Saviour, s. Saviour, i.e. holy communion, C 6436.

Sawe, s. discourse, C 6475; Sawes, pl. Proverbs, C 6543.

Say, 1 pt. s. saw, 1722; Sawe, pt. s. subj. saw, 1719.

Say, (for Assay), v. essay, attempt, endeavour, 5162.

Saynt, adj. girded, girdled (?), C 7408. See note.

Scalding, s. scalding, C 6820.

Scantilone, s. pattern, C 7064.

Scape, v. escape, 3166.

Scarce, adj. niggardly, 2329; needy, 5696.

Scarsly, adv. hardly, 2534, 5460.

Scathe, s. harm, C 6649; sc. is, it is a pity, C 7567.

Science, s. knowledge, C 6717.

Sclaundre, s. slander, ill fame, 3972; scandal, 5074.

Scole, s. scholarship, learning, 3274.

Scoler, s. scholar, pupil, C 5950; Scolere, C 6330.

Score, s. crack (or hole) in a wall, 2660. F. fendëure.

Scorne, v. scorn, C 6289; 1 pr. s. speak in scorn, mock, C 7118.

Scribes, s. pl. Scribes, C 6893.

Scrippe, s. scrip, wallet, C 7405.

Seche, v. search, seek, 1988.

Secree, adj. secret, 5257. ​

Secree, s. secret, 5260.

Secte, s. class, category, 5745; Seeds, gen. of (our) race, 4859.

Seculer, adj. secular, C 6232; Seculer folk, laity, C 6150; Seculers, s. pl. secular clergy, C 7175.

Seden, v. bear seed, fructify, 4344.

See, v. look, 3597; See, pr. s. subj. see; so god me see, as (I hope) God may protect me, 5693.

Seer, adj. sere, dry, 4749.

Seignorye, s. dominion, 3213; Seignory, 4663.

Seke, adj. sick, 5729, 5733; pl. 4829.

Seketh, imp. pl. seek, C 6033.

Semblable, adj. similar, C 5911.

Semblable, adj. as s. resemblance, one like himself, 4855; Semblables, pl. like (cases), C 6759.

Semblant, s. appearance, disguise, C 6202; (his) hypocrisy, C 7449; Semblaunt, appearance, seeming, 3205, 3957.

Semely, adj. seemly, comely, 3735.

Sen, conj. since, 1984.

Senatours, s. pl. courtiers, councillors, 4999.

Sentence, s. meaning, C 7474; Sentences, pl. opinions, C 5813.

Serchen, v. search, 4245.

Sergeauntes, s. pl. sergeants-at-arms, 4215.

Sermoneth, pr. s. sermonizes, preaches, C 6219.

Sermoning, s. sermonizing, 3333.

Sermoun, s. discourse, 5404.

Servage, s. servitude, 4382, 5807.

Servest, 2 pr. s. dost service, C 6124. F. text, sers.

Serviable, adj. obedient, serviceable, C 6004.

Service, s. (his) service, 3380.

Setes, pl. seats, C 6912.

Sette, v. fasten (an accusation), 3328; Set, pr. s. places, 4925, 4957; Set, pt. pl. besieged, C 7344; pp. established, 2077.

Seure, adj. sure, 4304.

Sëurere, adj. comp. surer, more secure, C 5958.

Seyne, the Seine, 5710.

Seynt Amour, William St. Amour, C 6781.

Shame, Shamefastness (personified), 3032, 3034, 3041, 3058, 3254; Shame, C 5858.

Shape, pp. shapen, shaped, 2259; imp. pl. dispose, 3599.

Shende, v. shame, put to shame, 3116; ger. to injure, 2953; Shendith, ruins, 4776, 5310; Shent, pp. disgraced, ruined, 3479, 3933, C 6302; spoilt, 2584. A.S. scendan.

Shene, adj. fair, 3713.

Shere, pr. s. subj. can cut, shear, 4335; may shave, C 6196.

Sherte, s. shirt, 5446.

Shete, ger. to shoot, 1798; Shet, pt. s. shot, 1727, 1777.

Shette, ger. to shut, 4224; v. shut up, 2091; pr. pl. shut up, 5771; Shet, pp. shut, 4368.

Sheves, s. pl. sheaves, 4335.

Shewe, v. shew, 2130; Shewith, pr. s. appears, 5790.

Shewing, s. outward appearance, demeanour, 4041.

Shitteth, pr. s. shuts, 4100; Shit, pp. shut up, 2767. See Shette.

Shodde, adj. pl. shod, C 7463.

Shoon, s. pl. shoes, 2265.

Short-lasting, adj. short-lived, 3283.

Shoures, s. pl. showers, storms, 4658.

Shrewis, s. pl. knaves, C 6876.

Shrift, s. confession, C 6397; in shrift, under seal of confession, C 6390.

Shrift-fader, s. confessor, C 6423.

Shryve, v. hear confessions, C 6364; pr. pl. confess, C 6871; Shriven, pp. C 7676.

Shyne, v. shine, 5355.

Sigh, 1 pt. s. saw, 1822.

Sight, s. sight; of a sight, by the sight (only), 3040.

Sight, 1 pt. s. sighed, 1746.

Signifiaunce, s. signification, 2169.

Sikerer, adj. comp. more secure, safer, C 7310.

Sikerest, adj. superl. securest, C 6147.

Sikernesse, s. certainty, 1935, 2365; Security, C 5862; Sikirnesse, certainty, C 5965; assurance, C 7311. ​

Sikirly, adv. certainly, C 6906.

Siknesse, s. sickness, 2295.

Silf, adj. same, like, 2020.

Silogisme, s. syllogism, 4457.

Similacioun, s. dissimulation, C 7230.

Simonye, s. simony, C 7029.

Simpilly, adv. simply (Northern), 4510. (Miswritten simply.)

Simplesse, s. Simplicity (the name of an arrow), 1774; simplicity, C 6381.

Sire, s. father; sire ne dame, neither father nor mother, C 5887.

Sith, conj. since, 1964, 4367, C 6266.

Sithen, adv. afterwards, 1999, C 7130.

Sitte, pr. pl. subj. sit, fit, 2267; Sittand, pres. pt. (Northern) fitting, 2263; Sitting, pres. pt. fitting, suitable, 3654; befitting, 2309, 4675.

Skaffaut, s. scaffold, a shed on wheels with a ridged roof, under cover of which the battering ram was used, 4176.

Skile, s. reason, 3120, 4543; avail, 1951; Skil, reason, 3606; out of skile, unreasonable, 5290.

Skin, s. skin, C 5916.

Slake, v. abate, 3108.

Sleen, ger. to slay, C 7195; Sleeth, pr. s. 2590. See Slo.

Sleighe, adj. sly, cunning, C 7257; Sligh, C 6317.

Sleightes, s. pl. missiles (cast by the engines), C 7071; Sleightis, tricks, C 6371. See Slight.

Slete, s. sleet, 2651.

Sleve, s. sleeve, C 7419; Sleves, pl. 2263.

Sligh, adj. sly, C 6317.

Slight, s. contrivance, 2972. See Sleightes.

Slo, v. slay, 3150, 4592; ger. 5521; Sloo, v. 1953, 3523; Slo, pr. s. subj. 4992, 5643.

Slomrest, 2 pr. s. slumberest, 2567.

Slowe, s. moth, 4751. F. taigne.

Slye, adv. craftily, C 7449.

Slyghly, adv. slyly, 3156.

Smerte, adv. smartly, keenly, 1727.

Smete, pp. smitten, 3755.

Snibbe, v. snub, reproach, 4533.

So, conj. provided that, C 7065, 7497.

Sobrely, adv. sedately, C 7407.

Soiour, (sujuur), s. sojourn, 4282; abode, dwelling, 5150.

Sole, adj. alone, 2396, 2424; al sole, solitary, 2955. See Sool.

Solempnely, adv. publicly, with due publicity, C 6766. Old texts, solemply.

Soleyn, adj. sullen, 3896.

Somdel, adv. somewhat, 1708.

Sommes, pl. sums (of money), C 6456.

Somoned, pt. s. summoned, impelled, invited, 1815.

Sool, adj. alone; al sool, all alone, 3335. See Sole.

Sooth, adj. true, C 7525.

Sophyme, s. sophism, C 7471.

Sore, adv. closely, strictly, 2055; ardently, 2075.

Sorwe, s. Sorrow (personified), 4995.

Sote, adj. sweet, 4880.

Sothfastnesse, s. truth, 2066, 2171.

Soth-sawe, s. truth-telling, C 6125, 6130, 7590.

Sotilly, adv. subtly, 4395.

Soudiours, s. pl. soldiers, 4234.

Soules, s. pl. souls, 5810.

Souple, adj. pliant, 3376.

Souplen, v. make supple, bend, 2244.

Sourmounteth, pr. s. surpasses, excels, C 7115, 7120.

Spanishing, s. expanding, expansion, 3633. O. F. espanir, to expand.

Spare, v. save, hoard, save up, 5387, 5624; ger. 5637; Spareth, pr. s. 5635; Sparand, pres. pt. miserly, 5363.

Sparred, pt. s. locked, fastened, 3320. See Spered.

Sparth, s. a battle-ax, C 5978.

Spayne, Spain, 2573.

Speden, v. promote, advance, C 6983; Spede, set forward, C 5873.

Spende, ger. to spend, to pay away, C 5991.

Spered, pp. (for sperred), fastened, locked (F. senti la clef), 2099. See Sparred. ​

Sperhauke, s. sparrowhawk, 4033.

Spille, v. kill, 1953; destroy, 2162; ger. to surrender to destruction, 5441; Spilte, pt. s. spoiled, 5136; Spilt, pp. exhausted, 4786.

Spite, s. grudge, enviousness, C 7254.

Spitel, s. hospital, C 6505.

Spradde, pt. s. spread, 3643.

Springe, pr. pl. grow, increase, C 5988 (see note); Sprongen, pp. advanced, C 6954.

Springoldes, s. pl. ancient military engines for casting stones and arrows, catapults, 4191.

Spyen, ger. to spy out, 1717.

Squar, adj. square, 3812; Square, square-set, C 7464.

Squared, pp. cut square, 4155.

Squierly, adj. like a squire, C 7415. (But the F. text has: Apres s'en va son escuier.)

Squyre, s. square, (carpenter's square), C 7064.

Stabiltee, s. stability, steadfastness, 5246; Stabilitee (better Stabiltee), 5532.

Stable, adj. firm, C 6003.

Stable, s. stable, C 5912.

Stal, pt. s. stole, 3049.

Stalk, s. 4338.

Stant, pr. s. stands, waits, 5004. See Stonde.

Stark, adj. downright, C 7292.

Staunche, v. staunch, remedy, 4472.

Stede, s. place, C 5898.

Stele, s. steel, 1823.

Stelinge, s. stealing; for stelinge of the rose, for fear that the rose should be stolen, 4229.

Stepmoder, s. stepmother, 5473.

Stille, adj. silent, C 7513.

Stille, adv.; Stille or loude, silently or aloud, under all circumstances, C 7532.

Stinten, v. cease, C 6849; Stinted, pp. stopped, C 6473.

Stonde forth, ger. to stand out, persist, 3547; Stont, pr. s. stands, consists, 5581; Stant, pr. s. waits, 5004.

Stounde, s. hour, time, 1733; Stoundes, pl. hours, 2639, C 5985.

Stounde, s.; (probably an error for wounde, wound), 4472. See note.

Stoundemele, adj. momentary, 3784. Misused; see below.

Stoundemele, adv. hourly, from one hour to another, 2304.

Stoupe, v. stoop, 2662.

Stout, adj. stubborn, arrogant, 3538; Stoute, pl. proud, C 6158.

Stoutnesse, s. pride, obstinacy, 1936.

Straunge, adj. reserved, 2312.

Straungenes, s. strangeness, distance of behaviour, reserve, 3611, 4056.

Strawe, s. straw, (the worldly part, the least religious part), C 6354. See the note.

Streite, adj. close-fitting, 2271.

Strene, s. strain, breed, 4859. A.S. strēona.

Strepe, v. strip, fleece, C 6818.

Strete, s. street; goon by strete, go about the street, beg, C 6455.

Streyne, v. constrain, compel, C 6406; Streyned, pt. s. urged, C 7631.

Streyned-Abstinence, Constrained Abstinence, C 7325.

Stroke, s. attack, C 6278.

Stronge, def. adj. strong, 1726; pl. cruel, bitter, 2639.

Stuffen, pr. pl. provide with defenders, C 6290. F. text, corent les murs garnir.

Sturdy, adj. strong, 4054, 4155.

Suen, v. pursue, seek, 4953.

Suffisaunce, s. sufficiency, 4726, 5581, C 6527.

Suffraunce, s. patience, submission, 3463.

Suffrith, pr. s. suffers; suffrith forth, lets things take their chance, 5638.

Suffysith, pr. s. impers. (it) suffices, C 6005.

Surplus, s. remainder, 3675.

Suspecion, s. suspicion, 5222.

Suspecious, adj. suspect, open to suspicion, C 6110.

Sustenen, pr. pl. maintain, C 7178.

Sustening, s. sustenance, C 6697.

Swelte, 2 pr. s. subj. die, 2480.

Swete, 2 pr. s. subj. sweat, feel heat, 2480. ​

Swete-Loking, (personified), 2896.

Swete-Speche, Sweet-Speech (personified), 2825.

Swete-Thenking, Sweet-Thought (personified), 2815.

Swete-Thought, (personified), 2793, 2799.

Swimme, 1 pr. s. swim, C 7007.

Swink, s. toil, labour, C 6596; Swinke, 5687.

Swinke, v. labour, C 6619; ger. to toil, 2151, 5685; Swinkith, pr. s. toils, 5675.

Swinker, s. toiler, C 6857.

Swinking, s. toiling, C 6703.

Swoning, s. swooning, swoon, 1737.

Sy, i.e. if (F. si), 5741. See the note.

Syke, adj. pl. sick, 5318, C 7353.

Syknesse, s. Sickness (personified), 4997.

Synagoges, s. pl. synagogues, C 6916.

Sythes, pl. times, 2048, 4868; Many sythe, often, 2257.

 

Take, v. lay hold, 5351; take arms, 3529; hand over, C 7265; v. refl. surrender, 1947; Taken, v. take; t. on hem, apply to themselves, C 6107 (F. text, sur eus riens n'en prendront); Taketh, pr. s. betakes, commits himself, C 6442; Take, pp. taken; him take, betaken himself, C 7280; Tan, pp. C 5894.

Takel, s. weapon, arrow, 1729, 1863.

Tale, s. reckoning; yeve I litel tale, I pay little heed, C 6375; Tales, pl. evil tales, C 6088, 6093.

Talent, s. good will, inclination, C 6134; fancy, C 7110; longing, 3472; desire, intent, 1716; spirit, disposition, C 7674.

Talkinges, s. pl. discourses, C 6043.

Tan, pp. taken, C 5894. See Take.

Tapinage, s. hiding; in tapinage, sneakingly, C 7363.

Tartes, s. pl. tarts, pies, C 7041.

Tatarwagges, s. pl. fluttering tatters, C 7259.

Tavern, s. tavern, inn, 5681, 5688.

Taylagiers, s. pl. tax-gatherers, C 6811.

Tecche, s. fault, bad habit, 5166; Tecches, faults, C 6517.

Teched, pt. s. taught, C 6680.

Telle, v. account, 5053.

Templers, s. pl. Knights-Templars, C 6693.

Tempred, pp. tempered, mixed, 4180, 5476.

Temprure, s. tempering, mixing, 4177.

Temps, s. time; at prime temps, at the first time, at first, 3373.

Tendir, adv. delicately, carefully, 4799. (Ill used; for the rime.)

Tene, s. ruin, blight, 4750.

Teren, v. tear, C 7315.

Tespye, v. (for To espye), to spy, 3156.

Testament, s. will, 4610; testament, C 6891.

Than, conj. than if, 4328.

Thank, s. thanks, 4584; (F. text, son gré deservir); good will, 2698, 2700; in thank, with thanks, with good will, 2115, 4577; Thankes, pl. thanks, 2036; thy thankis, with thy good will, 2463.

Thankinges, s. pl. thanks, C 6041.

Thapostles, the apostles, C 6662.

Thaqueyntaunce, s. the acquaintance, 3562.

Thar, adv. there, 1853, 1857.

Thar, pr. s. impers. needs; you thar, you need, 3604.

Thee, v. thrive; so mote I thee, as I hope to thrive, 3086, 4841, C 5899.

Thefte, s. theft, C 7403.

Thempryse, (for The empryse), the custom, 2286.

Thenke, v. think, 2484.

Thens, adv. thence, 1707.

Ther-ageyns, prep. against this, on the other hand, 2013; against it, C 6921.

Ther-as, adv. where that, C 5942.

There, adv. where, C 5921.

Ther-geyn, prep. against this, C 6555.

Theron, adv. therein, 2077.

Thertil, adv. thereto, 4422.

Ther-under, beneath it, C 7320.

Theves, gen. s. thief's, C 7440.

Thilke, pron. that, 2106, C 5980, 6614. ​

Thing, s. pl. things, property, C 6670.

Thinges, s. pl. business, doings, C 6037.

This, for this is, C 6057, 6452.

Thistels, s. pl. thistles, 1711, 1835.

Thornes, s. pl. thorns, 1712.

Thought, s. anxiety, 4480, C 7563; trance, 1806.

Thought, s. the object of thought personified (?), 2473. (But surely a corrupt reading; read That swete, answering to S'amie in the F. text).

Thral, adj. enslaved, 5142.

Thrallen, 2 pr. pl. enthral, enslave, C 7666; pr. pl. subject, 4877; Thralled, pp. 5807.

Threde, s. linen-thread, C 7369.

Threste, 1 pr. s. thrust, C 6825.

Thridde, adj. as s. third (person), 5258.

Thrilled, 2 pt. pl. subj. pierced, should pierce, C 7636.

Thringe, ger. to thrust, C 7419.

Thrittene, thirteen, C 6198.

Thrittethe, adj. thirtieth, C 6532.

Thritty, adj. thirty, 4211.

Thriven, pp. thriven, successful, C 5841.

Throwe, s. moment, 1771, 3867.

Thrust, s. thirst, 4722.

Thurgh-sought, pp. found out, examined thoroughly, 4948.

Til, prep. to; him til, to him, 4594.

Tilier, s. tiller, husbandman, 4339.

To-beten, pp. belaboured, C 6126.

Tobeye, (for To obeye), to obey, 3534.

To-drawe, pp. torn in pieces, C 6126.

Toforn, prep. before, 2969; God toforn, in the sight of God, as before God, C 7198.

Token, pt. pl. took (i.e. took Christ to witness, appealed to Christ), C 7122; Toke, pt. s. subj. should take, C 6259. (The translation of C 7122 is entirely wrong; hence the lack of sense.)

Tokening, s. token, 2439.

Tolde, pp. (error for Told), told, C 6598.

To-me-ward, towards me, 3354, 3803.

To-moche-Yeving, Giving too much, C 5837.

Ton, the, the one, 5217; the toon, 5559.

To-quake, v. quake greatly; al to-quake, tremble very much, 2527.

To-shake, v. shake to the foundations, ruin, C 5981.

To-shar, pt. s. lacerated, cut in twain, 1858.

To-shent, pp. undone; al to-shent, utterly undone, 1903.

Tother, the, the other, 5308, 5310, 5560.

Tour, s. tower, 3194; castle, C 7060; Toures, pl. castles, 5770, C 5900.

Touret, s. turret, 4164.

Tourn, s. turn, 5470.

Trace, v. walk, go about, C 6745; pr. pl. walk, live, 5753.

Traitouresse, s. traitress, C 7391.

Traitoursly, adv. treacherously, 4833.

Translaten, v. translate, 5666.

Transmewe, v. transmute, change, be changed, 2526.

Trappis, pl. snares, C 6361.

Trasshed, pp. betrayed, 3231.

Travaile, s. Travail (personified), 4994; Travel, toil, 5607, C 6566.

Trechour, s. traitour, C 7216; cheat, C 6602.

Tree, s. wood, 1747, 1808, 2408, C 7061.

Treget, s. trap, snare, C 6312; trickery, guile, C 6267, 6825.

Tregetours, s. pl. tricksters, C 7587.

Tregetrye, s. trickery, C 6382; Tregetry, trick, C 6374.

Trepeget, s. a military engine made of wood, used for hurling large stones and other missiles, a trebuchet, C 6279.

Treson, s. treason, C 7417.

Tresor, s. treasury, safe keeping, 2085.

Trespas, s. Trespass (personified), 3033, 3036, 3039.

Trewe, adv. truly, 2686.

Trewer, adj. comp. truer, C 6004.

Tribute, s. C 6285.

Trichour, adj. treacherous, 6308.

Trippe, pr. pl. trip, dance, 5679. ​

Trist, v. trust, 4364; Tristed, pp. 3929.

Trouble, adj. troubled, 1755.

Troubler, adj. comp. dimmer, less bright, C 7116.

Trouthe, s. troth, promise, 2125.

Trowandyse, s. knavery, villany, 3954. See truandise in Cotgrave.

Trowe, v. believe, C 6873; Trowith, pr. s. expects, 5658; Trowed, pp. believed, C 6043.

Truaunding, s. idling, shirking, C 6721.

Truaundyse, s. idleness, shirking, C 6664.

Truaunt, s. idler, loafer, C 6645.

Trusse, s. truss, bundle, 4004.

Trust, adj. trusty, 5146.

Tullius, M. Tullius Cicero, 4882, 5286.

Tumble, v. cause to tumble, cause to perform athletic feats, C 6836; ger. to tumble, 5469.

Tunge, s. tongue, 2223.

Turmentrye, s. tormenting, torment, 4740.

Turves, s. pl. sods of turf, C 7062.

Tweyne, twain, two, 4081. F. text, de deus espies.

Twinkling, s. moment, 4358.

Twinne, v. separate, go apart, 4813; part, 5077; depart, 4367.

 

Unavysed, adj. heedless, indiscreet, foolish, 4739.

Unbond, pt. s. released, C 6416; Unbounde, pp. unfastened, 4700; Unbounden, pp. opened, 2226.

Unclosed, pp. untied, unfastened, 4698.

Unclosid, pp. unenclosed, 3921, 3925.

Uncounceiled, pp. uncounselled, C 6868.

Uncurtesye, s. discourtesy, 3587.

Undirfongith, pr. s. undertakes, 5709.

Undirneth, prep. underneath, C 6148.

Undirstonde, pp. understood, C 6666, 7206.

Undo, v. disclose, 2878; explain, 2169; Undon, pp. explained, 2173.

Unese, s. uneasiness, trouble, 3102; discomfort, 2596.

Ungoodly, adj. ungracious, 3741; rough, 3378.

Ungracious, adj. unfortunate, graceless, 4436.

Ungrene, adj. ungreen, not blossoming, 4749.

Unhappe, s. mishap, ill fortune; 5492.

Unhyde, v. unfold, reveal, 2168.

Universitee, s. university, C 6769, 7090.

Unlefulle, adj. illicit, 4880.

Unnethe, adv. scarcely, i.e. it will scarcely be, C 6541; Unnethis, hardly, 5461.

Unpacience, s. impatience, 4575.

Unrelesed, adj. unrelieved, 2729.

Unsperd, pp. unbolted, unbarred, 2656.

Unthrift, s. wastefulness, 4926.

Unwelde, adj. impotent, feeble, 4886.

Unwitingly, adv. unwittingly, 2141.

Unworthy, adj. miserable, 4436.

Up-caste, pt. s. lifted up, C 7129.

Updresse, v. set up, prepare, C 7067.

Up-right, adv. on thy back, 2561.

Urchouns, s. pl. hedgehogs, 3135.

Usure, s. usury, 5797, C 7026.

Usurere, s. usurer, 5691, C 6507; Usurers, pl. C 6809.

Utter, adj. outer, 4208.

Uttirly, adv. wholly, 1986.

 

Vailith, pr. s. avails, 5765.

Valour, s. worth, 5236, 5556; value, 5538.

Variaunt, adj. varying, 1917.

Varie, v. differ, 5315; pr. pl. vary, 4477; pr. pl. subj. if (they) vary, C 6213.

Vassalage, s. prowess, courage, C 5871.

Vayle, s. veil (a large kerchief thrown over the head, and falling down over the back and shoulders), 3864.

Vekke, s. old woman, hag, 4286, 4495.

Vendable, adj. venal, vendible, saleable, 5804. ​

Vengeaunce, s. vengeance, C 6430.

Venus, 3048, 3052, 3698, C 5870, 5921.

Verely, adv. verily, 5479.

Verger, s. orchard, 3234, 3618, 3831, 3851.

Vermayle, adj. vermilion, scarlet-red, 3645.

Verry, adj. true, exact, 3753, C 6454.

Vertuous, adj. strong, excelling, 2311.

Veynglorie, s. vainglory, 5751, 5768.

Vicaire, s. vicar, i.e. deputy, C 6033 (see note); Vicarie, C 7684.

Vilanye, s. evil doing, wrong, 2025.

Vilaynsly, adv. disgracefully, 3994.

Vileyn, s. peasant, yokel, churl, 1990; Vilayns, gen. churl's, 1992.

Vinegre, s. vinegar, 4180, 5476.

Virgin, s. C 6235.

Visyten, v. visit, C 7619.

Vitaille, s. victuals, delicacies, C 7044.

Voide, v. drive away, 5164; Voidith, pr. s. removes, 2833, 2845; Voide, imp. s. remove, clear, 2283; Voideth, imp. pl. put away, 3571.

Voluntee, s. will, desire, 5276.

Vouche, pr. s. 1 per. vouchsafe; For sauf of cherlis I ne vouche, for I do not vouchsafe, among churls, 2002. (Or read to for of.)

Vounde, pp. (?) well found, C 7063. See the note.

 

Wacche, s. watching, lying awake, 4132.

Wade, v. wade, go about, 5022.

Wal, s. wall, 3918.

Walk, s. walk, 2505.

Walkyng, s. walking (?), 2682. (Perhaps read talking; F. text, parlers.)

Walowe, v. toss (or roll) about, 2562.

Wanhope, s. despair, 4432, 4433, 4708.

Wante, v. be lacking, 2530.

Wantonesse, s. wantonness, 4265.

Ward, s. watch-tower (lit. guard), 3191; Warde, guard, C 5856.

Ware, s. commodity, C 5926.

Warne, v. inform, C 7657; Warned, pt. s. refused, C 5840; pp. refused, denied, 2604, 3426, 5245, C 7502. See Werne.

Warrant, s. warrant, guarantee, 2992.

Wasshe, imp. s. wash, 2280.

Wawe, s. wave, 4712.

Wayled, pp. lamented, mourned over, C 6271.

Wayte, ger. to beset (me) with, to plot, 3938.

Weder, s. storm, 4336.

Weed, s. garment; here, religious habit, C 6359.

Wel, adv. much, C 5920; Wele, well, 1911.

Wele, s. weal; wele and wo, weal and woe, 1795.

Welfaring, adj. well-favoured, C 6866. F. text, beles.

Wel-Helinge, s. Good-concealment, C 5857.

Wene, s. expectation, 2046; withouten wene, without doubt, doubtless, 2415, 2668, 2683, 4596.

Wene, v. suppose, 2761; (read mak'th [him] wene; F. text, Qu'il se cuide); Wene, pr. s. subj. imagine, 5672; Wende, 1 pt. s. imagined, 4322.

Wening, s. imagination, 2766.

Went, pp. departed, turned away, C 6185.

[Went, pr. s. turns aside, C 6205.] Supplied by guess.

Were, s. distraction (F. guerre), 5699; withouten were, without doubt (a characteristic expletive phrase, common in Fragment B), 1776, 2568, 2740, 3351, 3452, 4468, 5485, 5657, 5692.

Were, v. wear away, devour, 4752; ger. to wear (see note), 4712; pr. pl. C 6215; Wered, pt. pl. wore, C 6244.

Werne, v. deny, refuse, 3443, C 6673; ger. 3730. See Warne.

Werre, s. strife, 5102.

Werrey, v. war against, oppose, C 6926; ger. to make war upon, 3251; Werreyeth, pr. s. wars against, 3699; Werreyen, 1 pr. pl. make war, C 7018; Werreyed, ​ pp. warred against, 3917; Werreyd, 2078.

Wers, adj. comp. worse, 4101.

Wery, adj. weary, C 6298.

Wery, v. worry, strangle, C 6264.

Wethers, s. gen. wether's, sheep's, C 6259.

Weyked, pp. as adj. too weak, 4737.

What, whatsoever, 2260, C 6097; why, 5097.

What, s. somewhat; as he hadde what, according as he might have some opportunity, C 6737.

Whele, s. wheel, 5427.

Wher, conj. whether, 2617, 5191.

Wher-as, adv. where that, 1966.

Wher-of, wherein, 2311.

Wher-through, adv. through which, whereby, 2418; wherefore, 3733.

Wherto? to what end? C 6122.

Wherwith, means whereby, C 6710.

Whet, pp. whetted, sharpened, 1723; Whetted, C 6197.

Whete, s. wheat; whete-greyn, wheat-grain, 5590.

Whetted, pp. sharpened, C 6197.

Whirle, v. whirl, 4362.

Whitsonday, s. Whitsunday (see note), 2278. Cf. 'Garlands, Whitsunday, iijd.'; Brand's Pop. Antiq. s.v. Whitsun-ale.

Whylom, adv. sometimes, 4355, 5350; formerly, 4123, C 7090.

Whyte monkes, s. pl. Cistercians, i.e. Reformed Benedictines, C 6695.

Wicked-Tonge (F. Malebouche), C 7424. See Wikkid.

Wight, s. man, creature, C 5961.

Wight, adj. active, 4761.

Wikettis, s. pl. wickets, wicket-gates, 4244.

Wikkid-Tunge, Wicked-Tongue, (F. Male-bouche), C 5851; Wikked-Tonge, 3027, 3257.

Wildenesse, s. wildness, 4894, 4939.

Wilfully, adv. willingly, 4808, C 5941.

Wille, s. good will, 5314; by hir wille, if they had their wish, 5728.

Willen, v. desire, 2482.

William, W. Seint Amour, C 6763, 6778.

Willing, s. will, C 5879; wish, C 5952.

Wimple, s. wimple, 3864. 'A band usually of linen which covered the neck, and was drawn up over the chin, strained up each side of the face, and generally fastened across the forehead; called also barbe, gorget, or chin-cloth'; Haines, Manual of Monumental Brasses, p. 166.

Winde, v. twist, turn about, 1810; escape, 2056.

Winke, v. sleep, 4568; Winke, 2 pr. s. subj. sleep, doze, 2348.

Winning, s. gains, earnings, 5682, 5723, 5725, C 6741.

Wis, adv. verily, C 6433.

Wite, v. know, C 6105, 6208, 6939; Wit, v. 3145, 5574; Wist, pt. pl. knew, C 5864; Wisten, pt. pl. subj. knew, C 6087; Wite, imp. s. 4782; Wit, imp. s. 2415; Witeth, imp. pl. C 6653, 7649.

Withstonde, v. restrain, 3807.

Wo, s. Woe (personified), 4995.

Wolf, s. C 6260; Wolves, pl. C 6269.

Wone, 1 pr. s. dwell, C 6143.

Woning, s. dwelling-place, C 6082.

Woning-places, s. pl. dwelling-places, C 6119.

Wonnen, pt. pl. won, C 6252; Wonne, pp. won, 2316, 2497.

Wood, adj. mad, 3138, 3776, C 6263; raging, 1921.

Wook, 1 pt. s. kept awake, watched, 1877.

Woot, pr. s. knows, 5257.

Worche, v. work, cause, C 6052; ger. to work, 2074; Worchist, 2 pr. s. actest, 3142.

Worche, v. deal (with what they have to do), C 6037. MS. G. has worthe; Lat ladies worthe = let ladies alone. The passage is obscure.

Worchinges, s. pl. matters, doings, C 6585.

Wors, adj. worse, C 5920.

Worship, s. honour, 2119, 2320, 4915; Worshipes, pl. dignities, 5747. ​

Worth, adj. worthy, C 7104.

Worthy, adj. fitting, C 7573.

Wost, 2 pr. s. knowest (thou), 4977; Wostow, knowest thou, C 6075, 6373.

Woxen, pp. grown, C 7140.

Wrapped, pt. s. subj. should wrap, C 6260.

Wratthed, 1 pt. s. made angry, 4108; pp. enraged, 3097.

Wreke, pp. revenged, 3362.

Wrenche, s. turn, trick, 4292.

Wreying, s. betraying, disclosure, 5220.

Writ, pr. s. writes, C 6585.

Wrong, s.; with wr., wrongfully, C 6778.

Wrooth, adj. wrathful, angry, C 6773.

Wrought, pt. s. smarted, ached, 1814.

Wryen, ger. to cover, C 6684; Wrye, v. cover, disguise, C 6795; Wryen, v. cover up, clothe, C 6819 (F. text, s'afublent).

Wrythe, v. twist, 4359.

Wurching, s. machination, C 6123.

Wyle, s. wile, 4293; Wyles, pl. deceits, C 6172.

Wyte, s. blame; to wyte, a matter of reproach, 3558.

 

Yaf, pt. s. gave, 2339, 4500.

Yalt, pr. s. refl. betakes himself, 4904. See Yelde.

Yate, s. gate, 4230.

Yates, s. pl. gates (but miswritten for gates, ways), 5722. See Gate.

Y-bake, pp. baked, C 7048.

Ydilly, s. idly, C 6599.

Ydilnesse, Idleness, 3225, 3233.

Y-do, pp. done; have y-do, have done! 1941.

Ye, s. eye, 4264.

Yedest, 2 pt. s. wentest, 3227; Yede, pt. s. went, 5151; has gone, 2585.

Yeft, s. gift, granting, 3664; Yefte, gift, C 7404.

Yelde, v. yield, 1933; submit (thyself), C 6283; Yeld, imp. s. yield, 1930. See Yalt, Yolden.

Yerne, adv. readily, eagerly, C 6719.

Yerning, s. affection, C 5951.

Yeten, pp. poured out, 5702. Pp. from A.S. gēotan.

Yeve, 1 pr. s. care, regard, C 6464.

Yeving, s. giving, C 5907; gift, 5070.

Y-fere, adv. together, in company, 3806.

Y-holpe, pp. helped, holpen, 5505.

Ying, adj. young, 2208. A Northern form.

Y-let, pp. hidden, 5335.

Yliche, adv. equally, alike, 3630.

Yolden, pp. requited, 4556. See Yelde.

Yon, adj. yon, 4372.

Yond, adv. yonder, 4368.

Yore, adv. of yore, long ago, C 7599.

Youth-hede, s. youthhood, 4931.

Ypocrisye, s. Hypocrisy, C 6779.

Ypocryte, s. hypocrite, C 6482; Ypocrites, pl. 5753; Ypocritis, pl. C 6895.

Yre, s. anger, 3174. F. text, ire.

Y-sene, adj. visible, C 6806.

Yvel, adv. ill, 5238.

Y-wis, adv. certainly, 2788, 5554, 5790; C 5825, 5896, 5915, 6879, 6932, 7400, 7564.

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