Appendix
Countries, Cities, and Nationalities
Note.—Names indented in the first two columns are names of principal cities, or of regions where so designated. Capital cities are marked with an asterisk (*).
| Spanish | English | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | Africa | africano | African |
| Alaska | Alaska | ||
| *Juneau | *Juneau | ||
| Alemania | Germany | alemán | German |
| *Berlín | *Berlin | ||
| Hamburgo | Hamburg | ||
| Colonia | Cologne | ||
| Bremen | Bremen | ||
| América del Norte | North America | norteamericano | North American |
| América del Sur | South America | sudamericano | South American |
| Argentina | Argentina | argentino | Argentinian |
| *Buenos Aires | *Buenos Aires | ||
| Rosario | Rosario | ||
| Santa Fé | Santa Fé | ||
| Mendoza | Mendoza | ||
| Córdoba | Cordoba | ||
| Australia | Australia | australiano | Australian |
| *Canberra | *Canberra | ||
| Sidney | Sydney | ||
| Melbourne | Melbourne | ||
| Austria | Austria | austríaco | Austrian |
| *Viena | *Vienna | ||
| Bélgica | Belgium | belga | Belgian |
| *Bruselas | *Brussels | ||
| *Amberes | *Antwerp | ||
| *Lieja | *Liege | ||
| Birmania | Burma | birmano | Burmese |
| *Rangún | *Rangoon | ||
| Mandalai | Mandalay | ||
| Bolivia | Bolivia | boliviano | Bolivian |
| *La Paz | *La Paz | ||
| Brasil | Brazil | brasileño | Brazilian |
| *Río de Janeiro | *Rio de Janeiro | ||
| San Pablo | Sao Paulo | ||
| Pernambuco | Pernambuco | ||
| Canadá | Canada | canadiense | Canadian |
| *Ottawa | *Ottawa | ||
| Toronto | Toronto | ||
| Montreal | Montreal | ||
| Quebec | Quebec | | |
| Centro América | Central America | centroamericano | Central American |
| Checoeslovaquia | Czechoslovakia | checo, checoeslovaco | Czechoslovakian |
| *Praga | *Prague | ||
| Chile | Chile | chileno | Chilean |
| *Santiago | *Santiago | ||
| Valparaiso | Valparaiso | ||
| China | China | chino | Chinese |
| *Chungkín | *Chungking | ||
| Pekín | Peking | ||
| Shangái | Shanghai | ||
| Nankín | Nanking | ||
| Cantón | Canton | ||
| Hongkong | Hongkong | ||
| Tientsin | Tientsin | ||
| Colombia | Colombia | colombiano | Colombian |
| *Bogotá | *Bogotá | ||
| Barranquilla | Barranquilla | ||
| Corea | Korea | coreano | Korean |
| *Seúl | *Seoul | ||
| Costa Rica | Costa Rica | costarricense | Costa Rican |
| *San José | *San Jose | ||
| Cuba | Cuba | cubano | Cuban |
| *Habana | *Havana | ||
| Santiago | Santiago | ||
| Dinamarca | Denmark | danés | Dane |
| *Copenhague | *Copenhagen | ||
| Ecaudor | Ecuador | ecuatoriano | Ecuadorian |
| *Quito | *Quito | ||
| Guayaquil | Guayaquil | ||
| Egipto | Egypt | egipcio | Egyptian |
| *Cairo | *Cairo | ||
| Alejandría | Alexandria | ||
| Escandinavia | Scandinavia | escandinavo | Scandanavian |
| España | Spain | español | Spaniard |
| Regions: | |||
| Andalucía | Andalucia | andaluz | |
| Aragón | Aragon | aragonés | |
| Asturias | Asturias | asturiano | |
| Baleares | Balearic Isles | baleárico | |
| Canarias | Canary Isles | canario | |
| Castilla | Castille | castellano | |
| Cataluña | Catalonia | catalán | |
| Extremadura | Extremadura | extremeño | |
| Galicia | Galicia | gallego | |
| León | Leon | leonés | |
| Murcia | Murcia | murciano | |
| Navarra | Navarre | navarro | |
| Valencia | Valencia | valenciano | |
| Vascongadas (province) | Basque (province) | vasco | Basque |
| Cities: | |||
| *Madrid | *Madrid | ||
| Barcelona | Barcelona | ||
| Valencia | Valencia | ||
| Bilbao | Bilbao | ||
| Sevilla | Seville | ||
| Zaragoza | Saragossa | ||
| Córdoba | Cordoba | ||
| Málaga | Malaga | ||
| Cádiz | Cadiz | ||
| Estados Unidos | United States | estadounidense, norteamericano | American |
| *Washington | *Washington | ||
| Nueva York | New York | ||
| Chicago | Chicago | ||
| Filadelfia | Philadelphia | ||
| Detroit | Detroit | ||
| Los Angeles | Los Angeles | ||
| Cleveland | Cleveland | ||
| Baltimore | Baltimore | ||
| Saint Louis | St. Louis | ||
| Boston | Boston | ||
| Pittsburgo | Pittsburgh | ||
| San Francisco | San Francisco | ||
| Milwaukee | Milwaukee | ||
| Bufalo | Buffalo | ||
| Nueva Orleans | New Orleans | ||
| Etiopía | Ethiopia | etípoe | Ethiopian |
| *Addis Abeba | *Addis Ababa | ||
| Europa | Europe | europeo | European |
| Filipinas | Philippines | Filipino | |
| *Manila | *Manila | ||
| Finlandia | Finland | finlandés | Finn |
| *Helsinki | *Helsinki | ||
| Flandes | Flanders | flamenco | Fleming |
| Francia | France | francés | Frenchman |
| *Paris | *Paris | ||
| Marsella | Marseille | ||
| Burdeos | Bordeaux | ||
| Lyon | Lyons | ||
| Tolosa | Toulouse | ||
| Gran Bretaña | Great Britain | británico | Britisher, Briton |
| *Londres | *London | ||
| Glasgow | Glasgow | ||
| Manchester | Manchester | ||
| Liverpool | Liverpool | ||
| Belfast | Belfast | ||
| Cardiff | Cardiff | ||
| Buckingham | Buckingham | ||
| Grecia | Greece | griego | Greek |
| *Athens | *Athens | ||
| Guatemala | Guatemala | guatemalteco | Guatemalan |
| *Guatemala | *Guatemala | ||
| Haití | Haiti | haitiano | Hatian |
| *Port-au-Prince | *Port-au-Prince | ||
| Hispanoamérica | Spanish America | hispanoamericano | Spanish American |
| Holanda | Holland | holandés | Dutchman |
| *Amsterdam | *Amsterdam | ||
| La Haya | The Hague | ||
| Roterdam | Rotterdam | ||
| Honduras | Honduras | hondureño | Honduran |
| *Tegucigalpa | *Tegucigalpa | ||
| Hungría | Hungary | húngaro | Hungarian |
| *Budapest | *Budapest | ||
| India | India | indio | Indian |
| *Delhi | *Delhi | ||
| Calcuta | Calcutta | ||
| Bombay | Bombay | ||
| Indo China | Indo-China | indochino | Indo-Chinese |
| *Hanoi | *Hanoi | ||
| Inglaterra | England | inglés | Englishman |
| Irak | Iraq | iraquense | Iraqi |
| *Bagdad | *Bagdad | ||
| Irlanda | Ireland (Eire) | irlandés | Irishman |
| *Dublin | *Dublin | ||
| Italia | Italy | italiano | Italian |
| *Roma | *Rome | ||
| Milan | Milan | ||
| Turín | Turin | ||
| Génova | Genoa | ||
| Nápoles | Naples | ||
| Japón | Japan | japonés | Japanese |
| *Tokio | *Tokyo | ||
| Yokohama | Yokohama | ||
| Nagoya | Nagoya | ||
| Nagasaki | Nagasaki | ||
| Líbano | Lebanon | libanés | Lebanese |
| *Beirut | *Beirut | ||
| Malasia | Malaysia | malayo | Malay, Malaysian |
| Manchuria | Manchuria | manchú | Manchurian |
| *Mukden | *Mukden | ||
| Marruecos | Morocco | marroquí | Moroccan |
| *Rabat | *Rabat | ||
| Méjico | Mexico | mejicano | Mexican |
| *Méjico D.F. | *Mexico D.F. | ||
| Monterrey | Monterrey | ||
| Puebla | Puebla | ||
| Veracruz | Veracruz | ||
| Tampico | Tampico | ||
| Nicaragua | Nicaragua | nicaraguense | Nicaraguan |
| *Managua | *Managua | ||
| Norteamérica | North America | norteamericano | North American |
| Noruega | Norway | noruego | Norwegian |
| *Oslo | *Oslo | ||
| Nueva Zelandia | New Zealand | neozelandés | New Zealander |
| *Wellington | *Wellington | ||
| Oceanía | Oceania | ||
| Océano Atlántico | Atlantic Ocean | ||
| Océano Pacífico | Pacific Ocean | ||
| Panamá | Panama | panameño | Panamanian |
| *Panamá | *Panama | ||
| Colón | Colon | ||
| Paraguay | Paraguay | paraguayo | Paraguayan |
| *Asunción | *Asuncion | ||
| Perú | Peru | peruano | Peruvian |
| *Lima | *Lima | ||
| Callao | Callao | ||
| Arequipa | Arequipa | ||
| Polonia | Poland | polaco | Pole |
| *Varsovia | *Warsaw | ||
| Cracovia | Cracow | ||
| Portugal | Portugal | portugués | Portuguese |
| *Lisboa | *Lisbon | ||
| Oporto | Oporto | ||
| Prusia | Prussia | prusiano | Prussian |
| Puerto Rico | Puerto Rico | puertorriqueño | Puerto Rican |
| *San Juan | *San Juan | ||
| Reino Unido (El) | The United Kingdom | ||
| República Dominicana | Dominican Republic | dominicano | Dominican |
| *Santo Domingo | *Santo Domingo | ||
| Rumania | Rumania | rumano | Rumanian |
| *Bucarest | *Bucharest | ||
| Rusia | Russia | ruso | Russian |
| *Moscú | *Moscow | ||
| Leningrado | Leningrad | ||
| Kiev | Kiev | ||
| Odesa | Odessa | ||
| Stalingrado | Stalingrad | ||
| Salvador (El) | Salvador (El) | salvadoreño | Salvadorian |
| *San Salvador | *San Salvador | ||
| Siam (Thailand) | Siam (Thailand) | siamés | Siamese |
| *Bangkok | *Bangkok | ||
| Siria | Syria | sirio | Syrian |
| *Damasco | *Damascus | ||
| Suecia | Sweden | sueco | Swede |
| *Estokolmo | *Stockholm | ||
| Gotemburgo | Gothenburg | ||
| Suiza | Switzerland | suizo | Swiss |
| *Berna | *Berne | ||
| Ginebra | Geneva | ||
| Turquía | Turkey | turco | Turk |
| *Angora | *Ankara | ||
Istanbul (Constantinopla) |
Istanbul
(Constantinople) | ||
Unión Soviética (URSS) |
Soviet Union (USSR) |
soviético | Soviet |
| Unión Sudafricana | South Africa | sudafricano | South African |
| *Pretoria | *Pretoria | ||
| El Cabo | Capetown | ||
| Uruguay | Uruguay | uruguayo | Uruguayan |
| *Montevideo | *Montevideo | ||
| Venezuela | Venezuela | venezolano | Venezuelan |
| *Caracas | *Caracas | ||
| La Guayra | La Guayra | ||
| Yugoeslavia | Yugoslavia | yugoeslavo | Yugoslavian |
| *Belgrado | *Belgrade | ||
Weights and Measures
| Spanish | English Equivalent | Abbreviation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tonelada métrica | 2,200 | pounds | tm. |
| quintal métrico | 220 | pounds | qm. |
| kilo | 2.2 | pounds | kg. |
| gramo | 0.035 | ounce | g. |
| hectolitro | 26.5 | gallons | hl. |
| litro | 1.06 | quarts | l. |
| kilómetro | 0.62 | mile | km. |
| metro | 1.1 | yards or 39.37 inches | m. |
| centímetro | 0.39 | inch | cm. |
| milímetro | 0.039 | inch | mm. |
Table of Equivalents
| 1 tm. | = | 1,000 kg. |
| 1 qm. | = | 100 kg. |
| 1 kg. | = | 1,000 g. |
| 1 hl. | = | 100 l. |
| 1 km. | = | 1,000 m. |
| 1 m. | = | 100 cm. |
| 1 m. | = | 1,000 m. |
| 100°C | = | 180°F |
| 0°C | = | 32°F |
TABLE OF APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS
| Inches to centimeters: | Multiply by 10 and divide by 4. |
| Yards to meters: | Multiply by 9 and divide by 10. |
| Miles to kilometers: | Multiply by 8 and divide by 5. |
| Gallons to liters: | Multiply by 4 and subtract 1/5 of the number of gallons. |
| Pounds to kilograms: | Multiply by 5 and divide by 11. |
| To change degrees C to degrees F, multiply by 9/5 and add 32: | |
| (C × 9/5) + 32 = F | |
| To change degrees F to degrees C, subtract 32 and multiply by 5/9: | |
| (F - 32) × 5/9 = C | |
Money
| Country | Unit and Fraction | U. S. Approximate Exchange Value |
U. S. Par Value |
| Argentina | 1 Peso ($) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
$0.23 | $1.6335 |
| Bolivia | 1 Boliviano (B) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.02 | 0.6180 |
| Chile | 1 Peso ($) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.05 | 0.2060 |
| Colombia | 1 Peso ($) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.58 | 0.5714 |
| Costa Rica | 1 Colón (₵) = 100 céntimos (Ctmo.) | ||
| Cuba | 1 Peso ($) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
1.00 | 1.00 |
| Dominican Republic | U.S. money is current | ||
| Ecuador | 1 Sucre (S/) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.34 | 0.3386 |
| Guatemala | 1 Quetzal (Q) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
1.00 | 1.6931 |
| Honduras | 1 Lempira ($) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.85 | 0.8466 |
| Mexico | 1 Peso ($) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.20 | 0.8449 |
| Nicaragua | 1 Córdoba (C$) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.18 | 0.6933 |
| Panama | 1 Balboa (B) = 100 centesimos (Ctmo.) |
1.00 | 1.00 |
| Paraguay | 1 Peso ($) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.23 | 1.6335 |
| Peru | 1 Sol (S/) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) |
0.15 | 0.4740 |
| Philippines | 1 Peso (P) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) | ||
| Salvador (El) | 1 Colón (₵) = 100 centavos (Ctvo.) | ||
| Spain | 1 Peseta (Pta.) = 100 céntimos (Ctmo.) |
0.09 | 0.3271 |
| Uruguay | 1 Peso ($) = 100 centesimos (Ctmo.) |
0.53 | 0.6583 |
| Venezuela | 1 Bolívar (B) = 100 céntimos (Ctmo.) |
0.30 | 0.3267 |
Numbers
| Cardinal | Ordinal | |
|---|---|---|
| uno (or un), una | 1 | primero, -a (contr. primer) |
| dos | 2 | segundo,-1 |
| tres | 3 | tercero,-a (contr. tercer) |
| cuatro | 4 | cuarto, -a |
| cinco | 5 | quinto, -a |
| seis | 6 | sexto, -a |
| siete | 7 | séptimo, -a |
| ocho | 8 | octavo, -a |
| nueve | 9 | noveno, -a (or nono, -a) |
| diez | 10 | décimo, -a |
| once | 11 | undécimo, -a |
| doce | 12 | duodécimo, -a |
| trece | 13 | décimotercio, -a |
| catorce | 14 | décimocuarto, -a |
| quince | 15 | décimoquinto, -a |
| diez y seis (or dieciseis) | 16 | décimosexto, -a |
| diez y siete (or diecisiete) | 17 | décimoséptimo, -a |
| diez y ocho (or dieciocho) | 18 | decimoctavo, -a |
| diez y nueve (or diecinueve) | 19 | décimonono, -a |
| veinte | 20 | vigésimo, -a |
| veinte y uno, -a; veintiuno, -a; or veintiún | 21 | vigésimoprimo, -a |
| veinte y dos (or veintidos) | 22 | vigésimosegundo, -a |
| veinte y tres (or veintitres) | 23 | vigésimotercio, -a |
| veinte y cuatro (or veinticuatro) | 24 | vigésimocuarto, -a |
| veinte y cinco (or veinticinco) | 25 | vigésimoquinto, -a |
| veinte y seis (or veintiseis) | 26 | vigésimosexto, -a |
| veinte y (or veintisiete) | 27 | vigésimoséptimo, -a |
| veinte y ocho (or veintiocho) | 28 | vigésimoctavo, -a |
| veinte y nueve (or veintinueve) | 29 | vigésimonono, -a |
| treinta | 30 | trigésimo, -a |
| treinta y uno | 30 | trigósimoprimo, -a |
| cuarenta | 40 | cuadragésimo, -i |
| cincuenta | 50 | quincuagésimo, -a |
| sesenta | 60 | sexagésimo, -a |
| setenta | 70 | septuagésimo, -a |
| ochenta | 80 | octogésimo, -a |
| noventa | 90 | nonagésimo, -a |
| ceinto (or cien) | 100 | centésimo, -a (or centeno, -a) |
| ciento uno | 101 | centésimoprimo, -a |
| doscientos, -as | 200 | ducentésimo, -a |
| trescientos, -as | 300 | tricentésimo, -a |
| cuatrocientos, -as | 400 | cuadringentésimo, -a |
| quinientos, -as | 500 | quingentésimo, -a |
| seiscientos, -as | 600 | sexcentésimo, -a |
| setecientos, -as | 700 | septingentésimo, -a |
| ochoscientos, -as | 800 | octingentésimo, -a |
| novecientos, -as | 900 | noningentésimo, -a |
| mil | 1000 | milésimo, -a |
| diez mil | 10,000 | décimo milésimo, -a |
| cien mil | 100,000 | centésimo milésimo, -a |
| quinientos mil | 500,000 | quingentésimo milésimo, -a |
| un millón | 1,000,000 | millonésimo, -a |
National Holidays
| Argentina | May 25, July 9 |
| Bolivia | August 6, February 3 |
| Brazil | September 7, November 15 |
| Chile | September 18 |
| Colombia | July 20, August 7 |
| Costa Rica | September 15, May 1 |
| Cuba | May 20, October 10 |
| Dominican Republic | February 27, January 26 |
| Ecuador | August 10, October 9 |
| Guatemala | September 15, June 30 |
| Haiti | January 1 |
| Honduras | September 15 |
| Mexico | September 15 and 16, May 5 |
| Nicaragua | September 15 |
| Panama | October 3, October 28 |
| Paraguay | May 14, November 25 |
| Peru | July 28, December 9 |
| Salvador (El) | September 15 |
| Spain | May 2, April 14 |
| United States (The) | July 4, February 22 |
| Uruguay | August 25, May 25 |
| Venezuela | July 5, October 28 |
| October 12, Día de la Raza (Discovery of America), observed in all Latin America and Spain |
Important Signs
| ALTO | STOP | ||
| DESPACIO | GO SLOW | ||
| DESVIO | DETOUR | ||
| PRECAUCIÓN | CAUTION | ||
| PELIGRO | DANGER | ||
| SENTIDO ÚNICO | ONE-WAY STREET | ||
| NO HAY PASO | NO THOROUGHFARE | ||
| NO HAY SALIDA | DEAD END | ||
| CONSERVE SU DERECHA | KEEP TO THE RIGHT | ||
| CONSERVE SU IZQUIERDA | KEEP TO THE LEFT | ||
| VIRAJE RÁPIDO or CURVA PELIGROSA | DANGEROUS CURVE | ||
| FERROCARRIL | RAILROAD | ||
| PASO A NIVEL | GRADE CROSSING | ||
| PUENTE | BRIDGE | ||
| DEPRESIÓN | DIP | ||
| CRUCE | CROSSROAD | ||
| CABLES A ALTA TENSION | HIGH TENSION LINES | ||
| SEÑORES or HOMBRES or CABALLEROS | MEN | ||
| SEÑORAS or MUJERES or DAMAS | WOMEN | ||
| LAVABOS or LAVATORIO | LAVATORY | ||
| SE PROHIBE ESCUPIR or PROHIBIDO ESCUPIR |
NO SPITTING | ||
| SE PROHIBE FUMAR or PROHIBIDO FUMAR |
NO SMOKING | ||
| SE PROHIBE LA ENTRADA or PROHIBIDO EL PASO |
KEEP OUT | ||
| ABIERTO | OPEN | ||
| CERRADO | CLOSED | ||
| ENTRADA | ENTRANCE | ||
| SALIDA | EXIT | ||
Useful Expressions
GENERAL
| ¿Me permite Ud. una palabra? | May I speak to you for a moment? | ||
| ¡Oiga! | Listen! | ||
| ¡Una palabra, señorita! | May I have a word with you, Miss? | ||
| Tengo que hablarle. | I have to talk to you. | ||
| ¿Podría Ud. decirme . . .? | Can you tell me . . .? | ||
| Con mucho gusto. | With pleasure. | ||
| ¿Tendría Ud. la amabilidad de indicarme si . . .? | Would you be so kind as to tell me if . . .? | ||
| No se lo podría decir. | I couldn't tell you. | ||
| ¿Sabe Ud. qiúén (cómo, porqué) . . .? | Do you know who (how, why) . . .? | ||
| No lo sé. | I don't know. | ||
| ¿Es verdad que . . . ? | Is it true that . . . ? | ||
| No estoy enterado. | I don't know anything about it. | ||
| Exacto. | Exactly. | ||
| ¡Quién sabe! | Who knows! | ||
| Fuera de duda, Sin duda. | Without a doubt. | ||
| Sí y no. | Yes and no. | ||
| Tenga Ud. la bondad de . . . . | Please (be so kind as to) . . . . | ||
| De buen agrado. | With pleasure. | ||
| ¿No le parece a Ud. que . . . ? | Don't you think that . . . ? | ||
| ¿Qué le parece a Ud.? | What do you think? | ||
| La cosa salta a los ojos. | That's evident. | ||
| Soy del parecer de Ud. | I'm of your opinion. | ||
| No me parece mala idea. | I don't think it's a bad idea. | ||
| ¿Está Ud. seguro que . . .? | Are you sure that . . . ? | ||
| Naturalmente. | Naturally. | ||
| ¡Quién lo duda! | Who doubts it! | ||
| Si no estoy mal informado . . . . | If I'm not misinformed . . . . | ||
| No estoy seguro. | I'm not sure. | ||
| Así parece. | So it seems. | ||
| Puede ser. | It can be. | ||
| Se dice, pero . . . . | They say so, but . . . . | ||
| ¿Qué quiere Ud. decir? | What do you mean? | ||
| Ud. sabe lo que quiero decir. | You know what I mean. | ||
| ¿Qué quiere decir eso en español? | What does this mean in Spanish? | ||
| Quiere decir . . . . | It means . . . . | ||
| ¿Cómo se dice eso en español? | How do you say that in Spanish? | ||
| Eso se dice de diversos modos. | You say it (It's said) in different ways. | ||
| Eso se dice ... en español. | They say ... in Spanish. | ||
| ¿Qué quiere decir eso? | What does that mean? | ||
| ¿Qué quiere decir la palabra . . . ? | What does the word . . . mean? | ||
| Intentaré explicárselo. | I'll try to explain it to you. | ||
| ¿Para qué sirve esto? | What's this used for? | ||
| No se lo puedo decir. | I can't tell you. | ||
| Eso sirve para .... | That's used for ... . | ||
| ¿Puedo contar con Ud.? | Can I count on you? | ||
| Seguramente. | Surely. | ||
| Lo siento, pero he cambiado de idea. | I'm sorry, but I've changed my mind. | ||
| ¿Cómo se explica que . . . ? | How do you explain the fact that . . . ? | ||
| Es fácil de comprender. | It's easy to understand. | ||
| ¿Se acuerda Ud. de ...? | Do you remember . . . ? | ||
| ¡Ya lo creo que me acuerdo! | Of course I remember! | ||
| Francamente, no me acuerdo. | Frankly, I don't remember. | ||
| ¿Me entiende Ud.? | Do you understand me? | ||
| Por supuesto. | Of course. | ||
| ¿No me ha entendido Ud.? | Didn't you understand me? | ||
| Ud. dispense, pero no le he entendido. | Excuse me, but I didn't understand you. | ||
| Tenga la bondad de repetir la pregunta. | Please repeat the question. | ||
| ¿Decía Ud.? | What were you saying? | ||
| Voy a repetirlo de nuevo. | I'll repeat it. | ||
| ¡Ah! ya comprendo. | Oh, now I understand. | ||
| Tenga la bondad de hablar un poco más despacio. | Please speak a little more slowly. | ||
| Perdón, caballero (señora, señorita). | Excuse me, Sir (Madam, Miss). | ||
| Mil perdones. | Please excuse me (lit., "A thousand pardons"). | ||
| No sabe Ud. cuánto lo siento. | You don't know how sorry I am. | ||
| No vale la pena. | It's not worth it. | ||
| No ha sido nada. | Think nothing of it. | ||
| No es nada. | It's nothing. | ||
| No tiene importancia. | It's of no importance. | ||
| Gracias. | Thanks. | ||
| Mil gracias. | Many (lit., "A thousand") thanks. | ||
| Un millón de gracias. | Many (lit., "A million") thanks. | ||
| No hay de que darlas. | There's nothing to thank me for. | ||
| Ud. es muy amable. | You're very kind. | ||
| Agradecidísimo. | Much obliged. | ||
| No hay de que. | Don't mention it. | ||
| Para servir a Ud. | At your service. | ||
| FINDING ONE'S WAY | |
| ¿Puede decirme donde está la oficina de correos? | Can you tell me where the post office is? |
| Tenga la bondad de decirme por donde se va a la estación. | Please tell me how to get to the station. |
| ¿Cada cuánto tiempo pasa el omnibus? | How often does the bus go by? |
| ¿Está cerca de aquí la calle Mayor? | Is Main Street near here? |
| ¿Para aquí el tranvía? | Does the street car stop here? |
| ¡Taxi! | Taxi! |
| ¿Está Ud. libre? | Is it taken? (taxi) |
| ¡Alto! que hemos pasado. | Stop, we've gone too far. |
| No, le dije que el número 90. | No, it was number 90 that I said. |
| ¿Qué le debo? | How much? |
| ON THE ROAD | |
| ¿Cuál es el camino más corto para ir a Puebla? | What's the shortest way to go to Puebla? |
| ¿Hay un puesto de gasolina por aquí? | Is there a gas station around here? |
| ¿Qué camino debo tomar? | Which road must I take? |
| ¿Está en buen estado aquel camino? | Is that road in good condition? |
| ¿Está pavimentado o es de tierra? | Is it paved or is it a dirt road? |
| ¿Cuántas millas hay de aquí a Monterrey? | How many miles is it from here to Monterrey? |
| ¿Está muy lejos? | Is it very far? |
| TELLING TIME | |
| ¿Qué hora es? | What time is it? |
| ¿Tiene Ud. la bondad de decirme la hora? | Will you please tell me the time? |
| ¿Qué hora tiene Ud.? | What time do you have? |
| Son las diez de la mañana (noche). | It's 10 A.M. (P.M.). |
| Mi reloj marca las cinco. | My watch says 5 o'clock. |
| Son las tres y diez. | It's 3:10. |
| Son las seis y media. | It's 6:30. |
| Son las dos menos cuarto. | It's a quarter of two. |
| No son todavía las cuatro. | It's not four yet. |
| Van a dar las tres. | It's about to strike 3 o'clock. |
| ¿A qué hora sale el tren? | What time does the train leave? |
| ¿A qué hora quiere Ud. que vaya a buscarle? | What time do you want me to call for you? |
| A las nueve en punto. | At 9 o'clock sharp. |
| Cerca de las nueve. | About 9 o'clock. |
| Hacia las nueve. | Around 9 o'clock. |
| A las nueve a más tardar. | 9 o'clock at the latest. |
Spanish and Spanish-American Dishes
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Diversos | Miscellaneous |
| ajiaco (Am) | boiled meat, chicken, pepper, with avocado and other vegetables |
| arroz con pollo | chicken with rice |
| chile con carne | chile con came |
| cocido | boiled meat with ham, bacon, sausage, and vegetables |
| empanada | meat pie |
| enchilada (Ai ex) | corncake with meat, cheese, and chile |
| estofado | meat stew |
| guisado de ternera | veal stew |
| humita (Chile) | cake of fresh corn, tomato, pimento, sugar, and grease |
| locro (Am) | stew of ground corn or wheat, meat, and spices |
| paella valenciana | chicken, ham, sausage, and shellfish with rice |
| puchero | boiled meat with vegetables |
| sancocho (Ecuador) | stew of meat, yucca, bananas, etc |
| Sopes | Soups |
| caldo | bouillon, broth, consommé |
| caldo de pollo | chicken broth |
| caldo gallego | pottage Galician style |
| gaspacho | Andalusian cold dish made of bread, oil, garlic, onions, vinegar, and red pepper |
| pancho villa (Chile) | bean soup with egg |
| potaje | pottage |
| sopa de camarones (Peru) | shrimp soup |
| sopa de fideos | noodle soup |
| sopa de legumbres, menestra | vegetable soup |
| sopa de rabo de buey | oxtail soup |
| Entremeses | Hors d'oeuvres |
| aceitunas | olives |
| anchoa | anchovy |
| caviar | caviar |
| encurtidos | pickles |
| ensalada | salad |
| Aves y caza | Fowl and game |
| conejo | rabbit |
| faisán | pheasant |
| guajalote (Mex) | turkey |
| liebre | hare |
| mole de guajalote (Mex) | turkey with special chile sauce |
| pato | duck |
| pavo | turkey |
| pavo asado | roast turkey |
| pavo relleno | stuffed turkey |
| pechuga de pollo | breast of chicken |
| perdiz | partridge |
| pollo, {Arg) gallina | chicken |
| pollo a la parrilla | broiled chicken |
| pollo a la reina | chicken a la king |
| venado | venison |
| Pescado | Fish |
| abadejo | cod |
| atún, bonito | tunafish |
| bacalao | dried cod |
| bacalao a la Vizcaína | codfish Biscayan style |
| besugo | sea bream |
| caballa | mackerel |
| escabeche | pickled fish |
| lenguado | sole |
| merluza | hake |
| perca | perch |
| robalo | haddock |
| rodaballo | flounder |
| salmón | salmon |
| sardina | sardine |
| trucha | trout |
| Mariscos | Shellfish |
| almejas | clams |
| camarones | shrimps |
| cangrejo | crab |
| langosta | lobster |
| ostras, ostiones | oysters |
| Carne | Meat |
| albóndiga | meatball |
| biftec | beefsteak |
| biftec a la minuta | minute steak |
| carne a la parrilla | broiled meat |
| carne asada | roast meat |
| bien asada | well done |
| poco asada | medium |
| medio cruda | rare |
| carne de puerco | pork |
| carne de vaca | beef |
| carne fiambre | cold meat |
| carnero | mutton |
| chorizo | sausage |
| chuleta | chop |
| cordero | lamb |
| filete | tenderloin |
| fricando | larded veal, roasted and glazed in its own juice |
| hígado | liver |
| jamón | ham |
| jigote | meat hash with butter |
| mortadela | bologna |
| picadillo | hash |
| ríñones | kidneys |
| ropa vieja | meat boiled and fried |
| rosbif | roast beef |
| salchicha | sausage |
| salchichón | salami |
| sesos | brains |
| ternera | veal |
| tocino | bacon |
| Huevos | Eggs |
| a la ranchera | fried with chile sauce |
| al plato | shirred |
| duros | hard-boiled |
| escalfados | poached |
| fritos, estrellados | fried |
| no muy cocidos | medium |
| revueltos | scrambled |
| tortilla | omelette |
| tortilla de cebolla | omon omelette |
| tortilla de patatas | potato omelette |
| Legumbres, verduras y cereales | Vegetables and cereals |
| alcachofa | artichoke |
| apio | celery |
| arroz | rice |
| atole (Mex) | corn gruel |
| avena | oatmeal |
| batata, (Am) boniato, camote | sweet potato |
| berenjena | eggplant |
| berro | water cress |
| calabaza | squash, pumpkin |
| cebolla | onion |
| chupe | potato stew |
| col, repollo | cabbage |
| coliflor | cauliflower |
| escarola | endive |
| espárragos | asparagus |
| espinacas | spinach |
| frijoles, (Sp) judias | beans |
| frijoles refritos | beans fried after being boiled |
| gachés | porridge |
| garbanzos | chickpeas |
| guisantes | peas |
| habichuelas verdes, judías verdes, frijoles verdes | string beans |
| lechuga | lettuce |
| lentejas | lentils |
| mazamorra (Arg) | hulled and crushed corn served cold with milk |
| ñame | yam |
| papa (Am), patata (Sp) | potato |
| papas a la Guancayina (Peru) | potato salad |
| papas fritas | fried potatoes |
| pepinos | cucumbers |
| perejil | parsley |
| pimientos | peppers |
| pinole (Mex) | toasted cornmeal |
| puré de papa | mashed potatoes |
| rábanos | radishes |
| setas, hongos | mushrooms |
| tamales | tamales |
| tomate | tomato |
| tortilla (Mex) | corn griddle cake |
| verduras | green leafy vegetables |
| zanahorias | carrots |
| Pan | Bread |
| bollo | sweet roll |
| cazabe | manioc bread |
| pan blanco | white bread |
| pan con mantequilla | bread and butter |
| pan de centeno | rye bread |
| pan de maíz | corn bread |
| panecillo | roll |
| pan francés | French bread |
| pan integral | whole-wheat bread |
| pan moreno | brown bread |
| rebanada | slice of bread |
| tostada | toast |
| Postre | Dessert |
| almendrado, macarron | macaroon |
| budín, pudín | pudding |
| buñuelo | fritter |
| compota | preserved fruit |
| confitura | jam |
| flan | caramel custard |
| guayaba | guava |
| helado, mantecado | ice cream |
| jalea | jelly |
| mazapán | almond paste |
| merengue | meringue |
| mermelada | marmalade |
| natilla | Spanish custard |
| pastel, torta | cake |
| queso | cheese |
| requesón | cottage cheese |
| sorbete | sherbet |
| tapioca | tapioca |
| tarta | tart, pie |
| turrón de Alicante | nougat |
| turrón de Jijona | almond paste and honey |
| yemas | candied yolks of eggs |
| Fruta | Fruit |
| aguacate (Am), palta (Am) | avocado |
| albaricoque | apricot |
| cereza | cherry |
| chayóte (Mex) | chayóte (pear-shaped fruit) |
| chirimoya | sweetsop (similar to custard apple) |
| ciruela | plum |
| ciruela pasa | prune |
| frambuesa | raspberry |
| fresa | strawberry |
| granada | pomegranate |
| higo | fig |
| mandarina | mandarin |
| mango | mango |
| manzana | apple |
| melocotón, (Am) durazno | peach |
| melón | melon |
| mora | mulberry |
| naranja | orange |
| papaya | papaya |
| pasa | raisin |
| pasa de Corinto | currant |
| pera | pear |
| pina, ananás | pineapple |
| plátano, banana | banana |
| sandía | watermelon |
| toronja | grapefruit |
| uvas | grapes |
| Nueces | Nuts |
| almendra | almond |
| avellana | hazel nut |
| castaña | chestnut |
| maní, cacahuete | peanut |
| nuez | walnut |
| pacana | pecan |
| piñón | piñón, pine nut |
| Condimentos | Seasonings |
| aceite | oil |
| ají, chile | hot pepper |
| ajo | garlic |
| azúcar | sugar |
| canela | cinnamon |
| clavo | clove |
| jengibre | ginger |
| macias | mace |
| mayonesa | mayonnaise |
| mole (Mex) | red-pepper sauce |
| mostaza | mustard |
| nuez moscada | nutmeg |
| pimienta | pepper (black or white) |
| pimiento | pepper (red) |
| sal | salt |
| salsa | sauce |
| salsa de tomate | tomato sauce |
| vinagre | vinegar |
| Bebidas | Drinks |
| agua | water |
| agua de Seltz, soda | soda water |
| agua mineral | mineral water |
| anís | anise |
| aperitivo | aperitif |
| café | coffee |
| café con leche | coffee with milk |
| café solo | black coffee |
| cerveza | beer |
| champaña | champagne |
| chicha (Am) | fermented maize or pineapple beverage |
| cocktel | cocktail |
| coñac, cognac | brandy |
| gaseosa | pop, soda |
| ginebra | gin |
| guarapo | cane cider |
| leche | milk |
| leche condensada | condensed milk |
| leche malteada | malted milk |
| leche pasteurizada | pasteurized milk |
| limonada | lemonade |
| naranjada | orangeade |
| ponche | punch |
| pulque (Mex) | maguey wine |
| ron | rum |
| sidra | cider |
| té | tea |
| vino | wine |
| vino blanco | white wine |
| vino de Borgoña | Burgundy wine |
| vino de Burdeos | Bordeaux wine |
| vino tinto | red wine |
| Jerez | sherry |
| Oporto | port |
| yerba mate (Am) | maté, Paraguay tea |