Index:Christianity in China, Tartary, and Thibet Volume II.djvu
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I. Influence of the Catholic Missions of the Middle Ages upon European Civilisation.—Origin of the Lama Hierarchy and the Ceremonies, of the Buddhist Faith.—Vasco de Gama doubles the Cape of Good Hope.—Portuguese Establishment on the Coast of Malabar.—First Conquests of the Portuguese as related by a Syrian Monk.—The Portuguese undertake the Discovery of the Cathay of Marco Polo.—They land at Canton.—Embassy of Thomas Pirès to Pekin.—Deplorable Issue of the Undertaking.—François Xavier resolves to convert the Chinese to Christianity.—After many adverse Accidents he reaches the Isle of Sancian.—Death of St. François Xavier in sight of China.—Gaspard de la Croix, the first Missionary who penetrated into the Celestial Empire.—Commercial Relations of the Portuguese and Chinese.—Establishment of Macao.—Father Roger.—Father Matthieu Ricci.—First Mission in the Province of Kouang-Si
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CHAP. II. The Missionaries are forced to abandon Tchao-King.—Return to Macao.—New and fruitless Efforts to re-enter the Empire.—The Viceroy recalls Fathers Roger and Ricci to Tchao-King.—Grant of Land to build a House and Church.—Buddhist Towers.—Pagodas.—Success and Hopes of the Missionaries.—Erection of a Chapel Preludes to preaching the Gospel.—A dying Man baptized.—Interpretation of Christian Charity by Letters.—Success and Persecution.—Ricci applies himself to the Sciences and Letters.—Singular Map of the World in the Chinese Taste.—Completion of the Church.—Attempt at a Spanish Embassy to Pekin.—Two more Missionaries in the Interior.—Journey of Father Roger to Han-Tcheou-Fou.—Chinese Alchemists.—Rascality of the Neophyte Martin.—His Judgment.—Fresh Persecution.—Peace returns.—Fête of old Men.—Memorial against the Europeans.—Defence of Father Ricci.—His Popularity.—Solemn Visit of the Imperial Commissioner to the Mission of Tchao-King
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CHAP. III. The Missionaries expelled from Tchao-King.—Farewell of the Christians.—Refusal of Indemnity.—Establisliment at Tcliao-Tcheou.—Monastery of the Flower of the South.—Founder of this Monastery Father Ricci refuses to lodge in it.—He founds an Establishment not far from Tchao-Tcheou.—First and singular Disciple of Father Ricci.—The Missionaries change the Costume of the Bonzes for that of the lettered Class.—Father Ricci sets off for Pekin.—Accidents on the Road.—Arrival at Nankin.—Returns to the Capital of Khiang-Si.—Scientific Labours and Celebrity of Father Ricci in that City.—His Relations with the Viceroy.—The Mission of Tchao-Tcheou besieged by the Bonzes.—Tranquillity restored.—Father Ricci named Superior of all the Missions of China.—Father Ricci sets off for Pekin with the President of the Supreme Court.—Agitation in the City of Nankin.—Imperial Canal.—The Yellow River.—Arrival at Pekin.—The Missionaries deceived.—Forced to quit Pekin.—Sufferings on their Return.—Beautiful Chinese Town.—Fetes of the New Year.—Father Ricci's Dream.—Preaching on Mathematics and the Sciences.—Observatory of Nankin.—Chinese Explanation of Eclipses.—Literary Solemnity.—Philosophical Discussion.—Palace haunted by evil Spirits
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CHAP. IV. Mode of Instruction adopted by Father Ricci Zeal of the Portuguese for the Missions.—Father Ricci sets out for Pekin.—Influence of Eunuchs in the Government.—Journey from Nankin to Pekin.—The Eunuch Ma-Tang.—The Missionaries taken Prisoners at a Sea-port.—Arrival of Ricci at Pekin.—The Court of Rites.—Rivalry between the Mandarins and Eunuchs.—Palace of the Ambassadors.—Homage to the Son of Heaven.—Various Petitions to the Emperor.—Relations between the Missionaries and Magistrates.—Conversion of a Member of the Academy of Han-Lin.—Great Success of the Clocks at Court.—Missions of the Provinces.—Fraternal Feeling among the Christians of China.—Chinese Superstitions.—Procession in Honour of the Idol of the Eyes.—The Missionaries mimicked by the Mountebanks.—Success of the Christian Preaching.—Profession of Faith of a Christian.—Native Clergy.—Academy of Han-Lin.—Conversion in the Imperial Family.—Insurrection of the Chinese of Macao.—Father Cataneo accused of seeking to get himself pi'oclaimed Emperor.—Formidable Armament at Canton Martyrdom of a Chinese Seminarist.—Peace is restored
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CHAP. V. Cathay and China.—Father Goès travels by Land from India to Pekin.—Cowardice of the Indian Soldiers.—The Robbers of the Desert.—Battle between the Caravan and the Tartar Robbers Difficulties of the Journey.—Town of Yarkand.—Jade Stone.—Goes visits the Jade Quarries.—The Mussulmen of Yarkand endeavour to assassinate iiim.—Encounter of two Caravans in the Middle of the Steppe.—News of the Fekin Mission.—Goès courageous Profession of Faith.— Journey through the Steppes.—Desert of Gobi.—Arrival at the Frontiers of China.—The Great Wall,—Combination among the Merchants to deceive the Emperor.—Father Goès fails to reach Pekin.—He writes to Father Ricci.—He is sent for.—Death of Father Goès.—His Companion arrives at Pekin, and then returns to the Indies.—Death of Father Soerius.—Peculiarity of the Chinese Letters.—Doctor Paul.—Mission of Schang-Hai.—The Influence and Labours of Father Ricci.— Death of Matthew Ricci.—His Funeral.—Grant of a Piece of Land for his Tomb.—Opposition of the Bonzes.—Virtues of Father Ricci
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CHAP. VI. Question of Rites.—The two Schools.—Consequences of these Discussions.—Important Conversions among the educated Classes.—Doctors Leon and Michel.—Mission of Han-Tcheou-Fou.—Violent Persecution.—Memorial against the Christians.—Apologies from the Christian Doctors.—Edict against Christianity.—Courage of the Neophytes.—Poisoning, Flagellation, and Torture Death of two Neophytes.—The Missionaries shut up in Cages.—New Establishment.—The old Missions to Tartary and Thibet.—Father D'Andrada sets out for Thibet in 1624.—Mountains.—Avalanches.—Pagoda of Badid.—Fables of the Lamas.—Halt in the Valley of Mana.—The King of Sirinagar endeavours to arrest D'Andrada.—Terrible Journey of D'Andrada.—Immense Glaciers.—D'Andrada returns.—Reunion of the Caravan.—Arrival in Thibet.—The King of Caparangua.—Decree in Favour of the Missionaries.—D'Andrada sets out lor the Indies.—Return to Thibet.—Accounts of the Thibetans.—The King desires to turn Christian.—Opposition of the Lamas.—Religious Discussions.—Scarcity of Information relating to this Mission.—Conjectures of the Tartar Historians
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CHAP. VII. Revolutionary Character of the Chinese.—Secret Societies.—Insurrection of the Sect of the White Lily.—Edict against Secret Societies.—Persecution of Christians.—Memorial in their Favour.—Fall of the First Minister Doctor Paul.—The Mantchoo Tartars attack the Empire.—Their Chief swears to exterminate the Dynasty of Ming.—First Successes of the Tartars.—Death of the Emperor Wang-Lie.—Curious Petition of the Christians Jesuits summoned to Pekin to make Cannon.—Discovery of the
Monument of Si-Ngan-Fou.—Testimony of Father Semedo.—Progress of Conversions.—Sincere Piety of the Neophytes.—Admirable Conduct of a Christian Generah—Death of Dr. Lèon.—Biographical Details concerning that illustrious Christian.—Dr. Paul First Minister.—He favours the Christians.—Commissions the Jesuits to reform the Calendar.—Fathers Schall and Rho arrive at Pekin,—They are placed at the Head of the Board of Celestial Literature.—Death of Dr. Paul—Abject Condition of his Descendants
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CHAP. VIII. Father Schall fabricates a Harpsichord for the Emperor.—Christianity in the Imperial Harem.—The Tartars summoned to the Assistance of the Empire.—Father Schall establishes a Cannon Foundery Gratitude of the Emperor.—Progress of the Insurrection Ly-Kong the Chief of the Rebels.—He attacks Pekin.—Tragic Death of the Emperor.—Character of this Prince.—The Insurgents at Pekin.—Adam Schall before the revolutionary Tribunal.—First Act of the Government of Ly-Kong.—Submission of the Lettered and the Magistrates.—Heroism of General Ou-San Koui and his Father.—Ou-San Koui swears to exterminate Ly-Kong.—He invokes the Tartars.—Rout of the Insurgents.—Terrible Conflagration at Pekin.—The Catholic Mission is saved.—The Mantchoos Masters of the Capital.—Character of their Policy.—Memorial of Father Schall.—He is appointed President of the Board of Mathematics.—The Government Astronomers.—The Mantchoos favour the Missionaries.—Father Martini and a Tartar Chief.—The Tyrant Tchang-Kien ravages and depopulates Sse-Tchouen.—Adventures of Fathers Buglio and Magalhans.—Father Schall at Pekin
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CHAP. IX. Legend respecting the Origin of the Mantchoo Tartars.—Father Schall and the King of the Coreans.—Rash Enterprise of the Regent of the Empire.—Ama-Wang listens to the Advice of Father Schall.—Influence of that celebrated Missionary.—The Claimants of the ancient Dynasty.—Their Friendliness to Christianity.—Dissensions among the Chinese Claimants.—They are Destroyed by Ama-Wang.—Death of that illustrious Tartar.—Majority of the young Emperor.—Application of Father Schall.—His Advice to the Emperor.—Intimacy between Father Schall and the Emperor.—Chun-Tché loves and favours Christianity.—Progress of the Missionaries.—Construction of a beautiful Churcii at Pekin.—Zeal of the Christians.—Religious Associations.—Titles conferred by the Emperor on Father Schall and his Ancestors.—Sickness of Chun-Tché.—Exhortations of Father Schall.—Death of the Emperor.—His Funeral
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