Men of the Time, eleventh edition/Brugsch, Heinrich Karl
BRUGSCH, Heinrich Karl, Ph.D., a distinguished philologist and Egyptologist, who by his researches on the subject of hieroglyphics has attained a European celebrity. He was born at Berlin, Feb. 18, 1827, and before leaving the Gymnasium evinced his fondness for Egyptological studies by a Latin treatise on the Demotic writing, 1847. His early publications procured for him the patronage of King Frederick William IV., under whose auspices he studied the monuments of Egyptian antiquity in the museums of Paris, London, Turin, and Leyden. In 1853 he made his first visit to Egypt, and was present at some of the important excavations conducted under the supervision of the French archæologist, M. Mariette. Returning to Berlin, he was appointed Keeper of the Egyptian Museum there in 1854. In 1860 he accompanied Baron Minutoli on his embassy to Persia, and after the death of the Baron he himself assumed the direction of the embassy. Subsequentiy he was appointed Ordinary Professor of Oriental Languages in the University of Göttingen; and in 1868 ordinary public Professor in the Philosophical Faculty of the same university. In Sept., 1869, Professor Brugsch returned to Egypt and succeeded M. Mariette as Keeper of the Egyptian collections at Boulak. He received the title of Bey and afterwards that of Pasha. In Sept., 1881, he left Egypt in order to commence a course of lectures upon Egyptology at the University of Berlin. The Professor has published a "History of Egypt;" a "Demotic Grammar;" a "Demotic and Hieroglyphic Dictionary;" "Materials for the Reconstruction of the Calendar of the Ancient Egyptians;" "Investigations concerning the Old Egyptian Bi-lingual Monuments;" "Recueil de Monumens Egyptiens dessinés sur les lieux," 4 vols.; "Rhind's Two Hieratic and Demotic Bi-lingual papyri translated and published;" "The Geographical Inscriptions of the Old Egyptian Monuments," 4 vols.; "Reiseberichte aus Egypten," written during a journey undertaken in 1853 and 1854; "Reiseberichte aus dem Orient;" "Journey to Asia Minor and the Peninsula of Sinai;" and numerous other learned works on the language, literature, and antiquities of Egypt. He took a leading part in the International Congress of Orientalists held in London in Sept., 1874. An English translation of his "History of Egypt under the Pharaohs, derived entirely from the Monuments," was published at London, in 1879.