Narrative of the Discoveries on the North Coast of America, effected by the Officers of the Hudson’s Bay Company, during the years 1836—39/Appendix

by Thomas Simpson

APPENDIX.

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LIST OF THE PLANTS

COLLECTED DURING THE

ARCTIC JOURNEY OF MESSRS. SIMPSON AND DEASE.

BY SIR W. J. HOOKER, K.H.

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The collection from which the following list is made, formed by Mr. Dease amidst many privations and difficulties, possesses peculiar interest; the specimens being beautifully preserved, and arranged in three geographical groupes.—1. The first of these collections, as we shall here enumerate them, was made between the mouth of the Coppermine River, lat. 67° 54′ N., long. 115° 31′ W., and Point Turnagain, in 1838.—2. The second was formed about Fort Confidence, Great Bear Lake, lat. 66° 55′ N., long. 118° 48′ W.; also in the summer of 1838.—3. The third in the most western point of the journey, namely, between the mouth of the Mackenzie River and Boat Extreme, lat. 71° 3′ 24″ N., W. long. 154° 26′ 30″, in the summer of 1837.

1.—Plants collected between the mouth of the Coppermine River, lat 67° 54′ N., long, 115° 31′ W., and Point Turnagain.

Ranunculaceæ.

Anemone parviflora. Mich.— Hook. Fl. Bor. Am.^[1]

Ranunculus aquatilis. L.— β. capillaceus. D.C.—Hook. L c. i. p. 10.

Ranunculus affinis. Br.— Hook. l. c. i. p. 12.

Papaveraceæ.

Papaver nudicaule. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 34.

Cruciferæ.

Cardamine digitata. Rich.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 45.

Parrya arctica. Br.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 47.

Draba algida. Adams.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 50.

Draba hirta. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 52.

Draba alpina. L.— δ. Hook. l. c. i. p. 50. (floribus albis.)

Caryophylleæ.

Silene acaulis. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 87.

Stellaria læta. Rich.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 96.

Arenaria peploides. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 102.

Cerastium alpinum. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 104.

Lineæ.

Linum perenne. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 106. — Specimens small: from 8 to 10 inches high.

Leguminosæ.

Phaca frigida. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 140.

Phaca astragalina. D.C.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 145.

Oxytropis Uralensis. D.C.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 145.

Oxytropis campeatris. D.C.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 147.

Hedysarum boreale. Nutt.-Hook. l. c. i. p. 154.

Hedysarum Mackenzii. Rich.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 158.

Lupinus perennis. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 163.

Rosceæ.

Dryas integrifolia. Vahl,—Hook. l. c. i. p. 174.

Potentilla nivea. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 195.

Potentilla rubricaulis. Lehm.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 191.

Potentilla biflora. Lehm.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 195.

Onagrariæ.

Epilobium latifolium. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 205.

Saxifrageæ.

Saxifraga oppositifolia. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 245.

Saxifraga cæspitosa. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 244.

Saxifraga cernua. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 246.

Saxifraga punctata. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 251.

Saxifraga tricuspidata. Retz.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 254.

Saxifraga aizoides. Sm.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 255.

Compositæ.

Chrysanthemum arcticum. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 319.

Chrysanthemum integrifolium. Rich.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 319. Tab. cix.

Artemisia arctica. Bess.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 323.

Arnica montana. L.—β. Hook. l. c. i. p. 330.

Aster alpinus. L.—Hook. L c. ii. p. 6.

Erigeron uniflorus. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 17.

Ericeæ.

Andromeda tetragona. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 38.

Andromeda polifolia. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 38.

Rhododendron Lapponicom. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 43.

Ledum palustre. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 44.

Boragineæ.

Lithospermum maritimum. Lehm.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 86.—A very small Arctic form of the species.

Scrophularinæ.

Gymnandra Stelleri. Cham. et Schlecht.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 102.

Castilleja pallida. Kth.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 105.

Pedicularis capitata. Adams.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 106.

Pedicalaris hirsuta. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 109.

Pedicularis Lapponica. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 108.

Primulaceæ.

Androsace septentrionalis. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 119.

Plumbagineæ.

Statice Armeria. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 123.

Empetreæ.

Empetrum nigrum. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 140.

Amentaceæ.

Salix arctica. Br.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 152.

Gramineæ.

Bromus purgans. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 252.—This is a small variety, with very deep purple spikelets.

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II.—Plants collected aboat Fort Confidence, Great Bear Lake, lat, 66° 55′ N., long. 118° 48′ W.

Ranunculaceæ.

Anemone patens. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 4.

Anemone parviflora. Mich. supra.

Cruciferæ.

Draba hirta. L. supra.—This solitary specimen is very large, nearly a foot high.

Cabyophylleæ.

Stellaria læta. Rick. supra.

Hypbricineæ.

Pamassia Kotzebui. Cham. et Schlecht.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 83.

Leguminosæ.

Phaca aboriginum. Hook. l. c. i. p. 143. Astragalus aboriginum. Rick.

Phaca astragalina. D.C. supra.

Oxytropis campestris. D.C. supra.

Hedysarum boreale. Nutt. supra.

Rosceæ.

Dryas integrifolia. Vahl, supra.

Rubus acaulis. Mick.— Hook. l. c. i. p. 182.

Rubus Chamaemorus. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 183.

Potentilla rubricaulis. Lehm. supra.

Onagrariæ.

Epilobium palustre. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 207.

Saxifrageæ.

Chrysosplenimn alternifolium. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 242.

Saxifraga cæspitosa. L. supra.

Saxifraga tricuspidata, Retz, supra.

Compositæ.

Arnica montana. L. β. supra.

Senedo Ingena. Rich.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 331.

Erigeron alpinus. L.—γ. Hook. l. c. ii. p. 18.

Ericeæ.

Andromeda tetragona. L. supra.

Arbutus alpina. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 37.

Monotropeæ.

Pyrola secunda. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 45.

Pyrola rotundifolia. L.— Hook. l. c. ii. p. 47.

Scrophularinæ.

Castilleja pallida. Kth. supra.

Pedicalaris Lapponica. L. supra.

Pedicularis eupbrasioides. Steph.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 109.

Pedicolaris Sudetica. Willd.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 109.

Primulaceæ.

Primula Sibirica. Jacq.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 121.

Plumbagineæ.

Statice Armeria. L. supra.

Amentaceæ.

Salix reticulata. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 151.

Juncagineæ.

Triglochin maritimum. L.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 168.

Cyeraceæ.

Eriophorum capitatum. Host,—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 231.

Filices.

Aspidium (Lastrea) fragrans. Sw.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 261.

Cistopteris fragilis. Bernh.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 260.

Muscoi.

Sphagnum acutifolium. Ehrh.—Rich. App. to Frankl. Journ. p. 39.

Lichenes.

Cetraria Richardsoni. Hook.—Rich. l. c. p. 46. Tab. xxxi.

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III.—Plants collected to the westward of the Mackenzie River, between that and Boat Extreme, lat 71° 3′ 24″ N., long. 154° 26′ 80″ W.

Ranunculaceæ.

Ranunculus nivalis. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 17.

Aconitum Napellus. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 26.

Papaveraceæ.

Papaver nudicaule. L.—Hook. supra.

Cruciferæ.

Cardamine digitata. Rich. supra.

Parrya macrocarpa. Br.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 48. This fine species of Parrya never seems to pass to the eastward of the Mackenzie River.

Draba algida. Adams. supra.

Draba alpina. L.—fl. alb. supra.

Cochlearia Danica. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 57.

Caryophylleæ.

Silene acaulis. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 87.

Lychnis apetala. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 91.

Stellaria humifosa. Rottb.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 97.

Cerastium alpinum. L. supra.

Arenaria arctica. Stev.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 100. Tab. xxxiv.

Leguminosæ.

Phaca frigida. L. supra.

Phaca astragalina. D.C. supra.

Oxytropis arctica. Br.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 146.

Lupinus perennis. L. supra.

Rosaceæ.

Dryas integrifolia. Vahl, supra.

Crassulaceæ.

Sedum Rhodiola. D.C.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 227. These specimens, though in full flower, scarcely exceed two inches in height.

Saxifrageæ.

Saxifraga oppositifolia. L. supra.

Saxifraga punctata. L. supra.

Saxifraga Hirculus. L.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 252.

Saxifraga flagellaris. Willd.—Hook. l. c. i. 253. Tab. lxxxvii.

Saxifraga Richardsani. Hook. l. c. i. p. 247. S. Nelsoniana. Hook. et Arn. in Bot. of Beech. Voy. p. 124. Tab. xxix. (not of Pursh.)

Compositæ.

Senecio palustris. β. congestus. Hook. l. c. i. p. 334.

Senecio frigidus. Less.—Hook. l. c. i. p. 334. Tab. cxii.

Ericeæ.

Arbutus alpina. L. supra.

Polemoniaceæ.

Polemonium cœruleum. L.—Β. humile. Hook. l. c. ii. p. 71.

Borgineæ.

Lithospermum maritimum. Lehm. supra.

Myosotis alpestris. Schmidt.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 81.

Scrophularinæ.

Gymnandra Stelleri. Cham. et Schleckt.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 102.

Pedicularis capitata. Adams. supra.

Pedicularis hirsuta. L. supra.

Pedicularis Sudetica. Willd. supra.

Primulaceæ.

Primula Homemanni. Lehm.—Hook. l. c. ii. p. 120.

Polygoneæ.

Oxyria reniformis. Hook. l. c.

Polygonum Bistorta. L.—β. elliptica. Hook. l. c. ii. p. 130. P. ellipticum. Willd. Herb.—P. bistortoides. Pursh.

Amentaceæ.

Salix arctica. Br. supra.

Salix reticulata. L. supra.

Salix nivalis. Hook. l. c. ii. p. 152. This was discoyered in the Rocky Mountaina by Mr. Dnumnond during Sir John Franklin's journey: and it is the only plant, of the above lists, which was not detected on the same Arctic shores by Dr. Richardson during his and Sir John Franklin's overland journey.

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TABLE OF THE MAGNETIC VARIATION AND DIP

OBSERVED BY MR. SIMPSON.

Lat. N.		Long. W.		Variation.			Dip.		Place of Observation.
°	′	°	′	°	′		°	′
51	45	102	5	17	0	E.			Fort Pelly.
58	43	111	18	26	6	„			Fort Chipewyan.
61	11	113	45	37	16	„			Fort Resolution.
61	51	121	25	37	10	„			Fort Simpson.
66	16	128	31	44	12	„			Fort Good Hope.
68	54	136	21	49	22	„			Shoal-water Bay.
69	18	138	8	49	0	„			Point Kay.
69	41	141	0	48	23	„			Point Demarcation.
70	10	147	30	45	0	„			Point Anxiety.
70	43	152	14	43	8	„			Point Comfort.
71	2	154	14	42	36	„			Boat Extreme.
67	11	117	5	49	30	„			Kendall River.
67	7	116	21	48	0	„			Mouth of Kendall River.
66	54	118	49	48	30	„	84	48	Fort Confidence.
67	43	115	50	54	17	„			Bloody Fall.
68	48	115	31	53	48	„			Mouth of Coppermine River.
68	16	109	21	46	0	„			Boathaven.
68	52	106	20	63	0	„			Trap Cape.
68	44	106	3	60	38	„			Simpson's furthest, 1838.
67	54	115	56	52	10	„			Mouth of Richardson's River.
68	4	110	59				87	13	Cape Barrow.
68	56	106	40				88	15	Cape Alexander.
68	7	108	37	54	45	E.	88	20	White-bear Point.
68	21	97	25				89	30	Thunder Cove.
68	4	95	41	1 to 1½ pts.E.			No var.		Cape Britannia.
68	28	94	14	16	20	W.			Castor and Pollux River.
68	41	98	22	4pts.		E.	89	29	Cape Herschel.

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1. As the species are all described in the author's "Flora Boreali-Americans," where synonyms and remarks are given, it has been thought sufficient to refer to that work for further information respecting them.