80
ADMIRALTY Coppersmiths . . . Firemen, first class . . Firemen, second class . . Coal-passers . . . . Hospital stewards. . . Hospital apprentices, first class ,, apprentices . . Officers’ stewards . . . Officers’ cooks . . ■ Mess attendants . . . Ship’s cooks, fourth class . Musicians, first class . . Musicians, second class . . Buglers . . . • Painters . . . .
. . . . . . . . • • . . . • •
. . . • . . . • • . . . . • •
’21 21 21 21 21 21 18 21 21 18 18 21 21 21 21
ADMINISTRATION
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Kecruits must speak English. Landsmen are usually sent to sea on special training-ships until proficient, and are then sent into general service. Raw recruits may enlist as landsmen, or coal-passers, or mess attendants. Ordinary seamen must have served two years, and seamen four years before the mast, prior to first enlistment as such; and before enlistment in any other rating allowed on first enlistment, applicants must prove their ability to hold such rating. Landsmen, coal-passers, &c., as soon as they become proficient, are advanced to higher grades and, if American citizens, may eventually become petty officers (ranking with army non-commissioned officers), with acting appointments. In twelve months, or as soon thereafter as proficiency is established, the acting appointment is made permanent, and an acting appointment for the next higher grade is issued, &c. Permanent appointments are not revokable except by sentence of courtmartial, and a man re-enlists in that rating for which he held a permanent appointment in his previous enlistment. All persons re-enlisting within four months after expiration of previous enlistment are entitled to a bounty equal to four months’ pay, and in addition receive a “ continuous service certificate,” which entitles them to higher pay and to other special considerations. The same is true for each re-enlistment. When an enlisted man completes thirty years’ service and is over fifty years of age he may retire on three-fourths pay. The marine corps constitutes a wholly separate military body, though under the control of the Navy Department. It is organized, equipped, uniformed, instructed, Marlne and drilled similarly to the army, both as infantrymen and artillerymen, and hence may be employed as soldiers either afloat or ashore. The corps is commanded by a brigadier-general, with headquarters in Washington, who bears to the Secretary a relation similar to that of a chief of bureau. The general has a general staff of ten members, and the remaining officers allowed by law are as follows": 5 colonels, 5 lieutenant-colonels, 10 majors, 60 captains, 60 first lieutenants, and 60 second lieutenants. Although the organization closely follows the army system, regimental or even permanent battalion organizations are impracticable, owing to their numerous and widelyseparated stations. Practically all shore stations have barracks where marines are enlisted and drilled. At these places they also do sentry, police, and orderly duties. From such stations they are sent to ships for sea duty. Nearly all ships carry a body of marines known as the guard, varying in size from a few men commanded by a sergeant, on small ships, to eighty or more, with one or more commissioned officers, on large vessels. It is customary to cause all marines to serve at sea three of the four years of each enlistment. On board ship they perform sentry and orderly duty, and assist in police duties. They are also instructed in many exercises pertaining to the navy, as rowing, naval signalling, gun drill, &c. In action they act as riflemen, and
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on many ships serve a portion of the guns. When circumstances require a force to be landed from ships present to guard American interests in foreign countries, legations, &c., the marine guard is usually sent, though, if numerically insufficient, sailors are landed also. Large bodies of marines are sometimes sent in transports for this purpose from other stations. Marines also garrison places beyond the territorial limits of the United States which are under navy control. The enlisted force numbers 6000. Candidates for first enlistment must be between the ages of 21 and 35 and unmarried, must be citizens of the United States, be able to read, write, and speak English, and pass a physical examination. Second lieutenants are appointed from civil life after examination or from the graduates of the Naval Academy. Promotion is by seniority as in the navy. Occasional opportunities are also given meritorious enlisted men to secure commissions. Navy and Marine Corps Pay Tables. Table I.—Active List: Officers of the Line, Medical and Pay Corps of the Navy, and Officers of t1oe Marine Corps. Rank.
j On Sea Duty or ' Shore Duty; On I beyond j Shore. Sea.
Admiral ....... Rear-admirals— First nine ...... Second nine ...... Chiefs of bureaus and brigadier-general commandant of marine corps . . Captains, navy ...... Judge-advocate-general and colonels, marine corps, line and staff .... Commanders, navy . . . . . i Lieutenant-colonels, marine corps, line and j staff Lieutenant-commanders, navy . . . Majors, marine corps, line and staff . . Lieutenants, navy ..... Captains, marine corps— Line Staff Lieutenants (junior grade), navy . . First lieutenants and leader of band, marine corps ....... Ensigns, navy ...... Second lieutenants, marine corps, chief boatswains, chief gunners, chief carpenters, and chief sailmakers . .
$ ' 4 13,500 j 13,500 7,500 | 6,375 5,500 ; 4,675 ... | 5,500 3,500 i 2,975 3,500 3,000
3,500 2,550
3,000 3,000 2,500 2,125 2,500 2,500 1,800 | 1,530 1,800 2,000 1,500
1,800 2,000 1,275
1,500 1,400
1,500 1,190
1,400
1,400
llemarks. All officers paid under this table below the rank of rear-admiral or brigadier-general are entitled by law to 10 per cent, upon the full yearly pay of their grades for each and every period of five years’ service, as increase for length of service, or “ longevity pay,” computed upon their total actual service in army, navy, and marine corps ; provided that the total amount of such increase shall not exceed 40 per cent, upon the full yearly pay of the grade ; and provided further that the pay of a captain in the navy or colonel of marines shall not exceed $4500 per annum, and that of a commander in the navy or lieutenant-colonel of marines $4000 per annum. Allowances.—The monthly commutation for quarters of the admiral is $125. All other commissioned officers of the line and of the medical and pay corps of the navy, and all officers of the marine corps, are entitled to public quarters while o:i shore-duty or commutation therefor, the amount varying between $24 per month for an ensign and $72 for a rear-admiral. Officers serving ashore in Cuba, Porto Rico, the Philippine Islands, Hawaii, or Alaska are allowed 10 per cent, increase of the pay proper.
