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CHAPTER VI.

LAUNCESTON

Launceston a borrowed name—Celtic system of separation between town of the castle and town of the church—A saint's curse—Old name Dunheved—Castle—Church—Sir Henry Trecarrel—The river Tamar—Old houses—S. Clether's Chapel—Altarnon —The corn man—Cutting a neck—The Petherwins—Story of S. Padarn—Is visited by his cousin, Samson—Trewortha Marsh—Kilmar—An ancient village—Redmire—Cornish bogs—Dozmare Pool—Lewanick—Cresset-stone—Trecarrel—Old mansions—The Botathen ghost.

THE most singular thing about the former capital of Cornwall is that it does not bear its true name. Launceston is Llan Stephan, the church of S. Stephen. Now the church of S. Stephen is on the summit of a hill on the further side of the river, divided from the town by the ancient borough of Newport.

The true name of the town is Dunheved. It grew up about the Norman castle, instead of about the church, and as it grew, and the colony at S. Stephen's dwindled, it drew to itself the name of the church town.

Launceston is, in fact, one of those very interesting instances of the caer and the llan, separated the one from the other by a stream. According to the Celtic system, a church must stand in its own lawn, surrounded by its own tribesmen, and the chief in

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