Page:A Catalogue of Graduates who have Proceeded to Degrees in the University of Dublin, vol. 1.djvu/18

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INTRODUCTION.

all nations. Some two or three centuries later Bologna became noted as a Medical School, and is said to have been the first in which the dissection of the human body was practised.^[1] There does not seem to have ever been any College in connexion with the University at Bologna.^[2]

Paris became an University at the close of the twelfth century; at least it then began to be called by that name, although it had certainly for some years before that time been virtually an University, by a voluntary association of its members, without any Royal or Papal charter of Foundation. Pope In- nocent III., who reigned from 1198 to 1216, gives the title of University to the School of Paris in one of his Decretals, and Rigord, in his Annals of Philip Augustus, King of France, gives it the same title.^[3]

The manners of those ancient times were rude and simple.^[4] The students lived in such lodgings as they could find in the city, taking their meals in taverns and baking houses. Such

↑ A singular peculiarity of Bologna was the admission of female professors. In the 14th century Novella Andrese was Professor of Canon and Civil Law, as deputy to her father, and frequently lectured from his chair. Laura Bassi taught Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, and was a Doctor of Laws. Madonna Manzolina was Professor of Surgery and Anatomy. And almost in our own times, Matilda Tambroni was Professor of Greek. The Medical School of Bologna still maintains a good reputation; the Law School has greatly declined.
↑ In Genoa there are but three faculties. Law, Medicine, and the Arts. Degrees in each faculty are conferred by a separate senate. There is no College.
↑ Universitas Scholarum, or, Studiorum — Rigord was a monk of St. Denis in Paris, about 1225. His Annals are in Du Chesne's collection. Philip Augustus reigned 1180-1223.
↑ As an instance of the ancient simplicity of manners, it may be mentioned, that the schools, where the Masters or Doctors of the University of Paris lectured, seem to have opened upon the street, and the students were not permitted to have the luxury of banks or seats, but were forced to sit upon the ground, where trusses of straw were spread for their use. Hence the street where these early scéances were held was named Vims Straminis, or Rue du Fouarre Halmagrand, Hist, de l' Université, p. 67. (Paris, 1845).

[1] A singular peculiarity of Bologna was the admission of female professors. In the 14th century Novella Andrese was Professor of Canon and Civil Law, as deputy to her father, and frequently lectured from his chair. Laura Bassi taught Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, and was a Doctor of Laws. Madonna Manzolina was Professor of Surgery and Anatomy. And almost in our own times, Matilda Tambroni was Professor of Greek. The Medical School of Bologna still maintains a good reputation; the Law School has greatly declined.

[2] In Genoa there are but three faculties. Law, Medicine, and the Arts. Degrees in each faculty are conferred by a separate senate. There is no College.

[3] Universitas Scholarum, or, Studiorum — Rigord was a monk of St. Denis in Paris, about 1225. His Annals are in Du Chesne's collection. Philip Augustus reigned 1180-1223.

[4] As an instance of the ancient simplicity of manners, it may be mentioned, that the schools, where the Masters or Doctors of the University of Paris lectured, seem to have opened upon the street, and the students were not permitted to have the luxury of banks or seats, but were forced to sit upon the ground, where trusses of straw were spread for their use. Hence the street where these early scéances were held was named Vims Straminis, or Rue du Fouarre Halmagrand, Hist, de l' Université, p. 67. (Paris, 1845).

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