x-^viii 1 N TKOl ) LX'TION. "Au University" (says Lord Chief Justice Wilmot)/'is a great school incorporated to instruct by their professors and regular exer- cises all who come to study there, and by Degrees to give their students rank and credit in the republic of letters, and which are (lualiticatious for lucrative offices and employments in life. It is a public school of Divinity, Physic, Law, and all Arts and Sciences. And Colleges are schools of learning, furnishing scholars for the universal school, which is a combination of all those schools ; and in any other view than as schools of learning, they are as useless to society us monasteries."* Note B, Page xru. Allgemeines Staatsrecht. " Universal Constitutional Law," by Professor Bluntschli of Heidelberg, vol. ii. p. 367 (4th edition). " The Universities having sprung up first in Italy, and in the begin- ning only with reference to single sciences, have in modem times, and especially in Germany, become organic institutions, embracing and developing to full ripeness the entire higher scientific culture, have grown fi-om mere Universities, in the Juristic-corporate sense of the word, to Universities of the sciences." Page 368. " The University requires scientific self-dependence, for the higher science unlocks itself only to complete mental freedom. For this, its corporate self-dependence is an excellent foundation. But here we meet with an important contrast between the middle ages and modem times. The former loved and protected corporate self-depen- dence to such an extent, that it was raised to complete independence and a kind of sovereignty. But this is at variance with the modern State, the unity of organization of which requires the subordination of all public corporations, and which claims a certain supervision and guardianship, even over the highest institutions of culture. In the English Universities the mediaeval freedom has also in this respect maintained itself longer, but even there the spirit of our age admo-
- Wilniot's notes, p. 14.
