in excess of the government quota, by which means he rendered importation from abroad unnecessary. He established free schools, and spread education among the aborigines of various provinces. Canonised as 文恭.
229 Ch'ên K'ang 陳亢 (T. 子禽). Born B.C. 512. One of the disciples of Confucius. When his brother 子車 Tsŭ-chü died, the wife and steward of the latter planned together that Ch'ên K'ang should be buried alive with the corpse; but Ch'ên K'ang pointed out that they were the more fitting persons to attend the dead in the world below. From this date it is said that the custom of burying alive fell into desuetude.
230 Ch'ên Kuo-jui 陳國瑞. 19th cent. A.D. A native of 應城 Ying-ch'êng in Hupeh, who entered upon a military career, and after distinguishing himself under Sêng-ko-lin-sin by his exploits against the rebels in Anhui during the reign of the Emperor Hsien Fêng, was promoted to the rank of Brigade General. He was leading troops through Tientsin in June 1870 and is popularly supposed to have instigated the massacre of Europeans which took place on the 21st of that month. He rose to be Provincial Commander-in-chief at 處 Ch'u-chou in Chehkiang, and after his death temples were erected in his honour, and his life was recorded by the Imperial Historiographer.
231 Ch'ên Lan-pin 陳蘭彬 (H. 麗秋 ). A native of Kuangtung, who graduated as chin shih in A.D. 1853. In 1867 he was appointed to the staff of Liu Ch'ang-yu, who was commanding against the Nien fei. In 1872 he proceeded with a number of students on an educational mission to the United States. He was sent on a commission of enquiry into the coolie traffic with Cuba, from which he returned in 1874, when he was appointed Vice Director of the Imperial Clan Court. In 1878 he was sent as Envoy to Spain, Peru, and the United States. In 1879 he was made Senior
