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participants noted that open access conversations are now harder with COVID-19. By relying on legacy work undertaken by previous staff, some staff have been able to hold ground against suggestions to withdraw assets and adopt a more commercially minded approach. Some participants mentioned that conversations on adopting more permissive licences have lost momentum. Even participants from open GLAMs noted having to re-defend the position on occasion due to revived commercialisation desires.

Web-based research revealed a few GLAMs are walking back on open access activity. To support this finding, the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine was used to investigate engagement with Flickr Commons. As shown in the table on the following page, The National Archives, the National Science and Media Museum and Royal Museums Greenwich have removed assets from the Commons.

To illustrate, The National Archives hosted at least 213 images in the photostream in March 2010, the earliest date of capture on the Internet Archive.[1] Over the years, the total asset volume grew to at least 20,050 photos in March 2020.[2] The overwhelming majority have since been removed. Today, the account hosts 56 assets.[3]

Table 6. Flickr Commons activity via the Internet Archive[4]
  Earliest capture Date Highest capture Date Current assets
British Library 1,019,998 12-2013 1,073,492   1,073,492
East Riding Archives 368 12-2016 814   814
Faculty of Music Trìnity Laban 32 11-2014 80   80
IWM Collections 699 07-2014 714   714
LSE Library 601 11-2009 3,095   3,095
Museum of Hartlepool 203 08-2012 338   338
The National Archives 213 03-2010 20,050 3-2020 56
National Science and Media Museum 76 09-2008 583 12-2016 449
Royal Museums Greenwich 134 09-2008 829 07-2014 0
Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums 505 01-2012 2,813   2,813

These and other examples provided by participants reveal assets are being removed to bolster exclusivity and commercialisation goals. GLAMS are aware they cannot revoke open licences and tools, like Creative Commons. Instead, removing access to the asset re-secures the exclusivity perceived to be necessary for commercialisation.


  1. https://web.archive.org/web/20100327164222/https://www.flickr.com/photos/nationalarchives/
  2. https://web.archive.org/web/20150705112950/https://www.flickr.com/photos/nationalarchives
  3. https://www.flickr.com/people/nationalarchives/
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