פגם (cmp. פגל) to cut, mutilate; to damage, lessen;
trnsf. (cmp. פססל) to disgualify, unfit. Num. R. s. 21 כל
וכ׳ פוגם עצמו את הפוגם he who tarnishes his reputation
discredits his family at the same time; Tanh. Pinh. 2;
Yalk. Num. 772. Y. Snh. II, 20b הכתוב פגמה the Bible
text curtailed her name(אאביגל for אביגיל, ISam. XXV, 32).
Arakh. 16b, v. אכנאי. Gen. R. s. 6 אותה ופוגם חוזר (not
אותם) the text reduces her (the moon) again (calling
her the small light'). Pes. 105b פגמו טעמו as soon as he
tasted it (the wine in the cup), he rendered it unfit (for
a cup of benediction); a. fr. -- Part. pass. פגום; f. פגומה &c.
Sifre Deut. 320 ופ׳ בזוי contemptible and detested (Yeb.
63b ומתועב משוקן). Keth. 40b פ׳ בעל if he had connection
with an impaired woman (opp. שלימה). Y. Sabb..VI, 8a bot.
פ׳ . . שלא כדי (not פגימה) that it should not appear as
if the right shoe were defective; a. e. -- Esp. (law) to
impair the legal value of a documentt by admitting a
receipt on account (cmp. שוכר). Keth. IX, 7כתובתה הפוגמת
a woman thatiimmpairs her marriage contract. expl. ib. 8. Ib.
87b בעדים כתובתה פוגמת if she states that she has received
partial payment in the presence of witnesses. Ib. פוחתת
פוגמת היינו . . . if a woman lessens the amount in her
marriage contract (declaring that it has been made out
for a liarger atmount than had been agreed upon) , is
it the same as admitting partial payment or not? Y. ib.
IX, 33b חובו שטר אביו שפ׳ יורש an heir whose father had
admitted partial payment on a note of indebtedness in
his possession; Tosef. Shebu. VI, 5. Gitt. 18a שתפגום עד
וכ׳, v. זקף; Y. Shebi. IX, beg. 39b; a. fr.
Niff. נפגם, Nithpa. נתפגם to be mutilated, diminished,
impaired; to become defective, cracked, get out of order;
to be discredited. Arakh. 16b, v. אכסנאי. Bekh. VI, 1כפגמה
אזזו if the ear of the first-born animal has become defective
(lopped, bored through). Ib. 4 שנפגסו, v. גמם. Arakh. 10b
ונפ׳ ערב קולו והיה and the sound of the fute was sweet,
but it became impaired. Ib. וכ׳ ונתפגמו . . . כלים שני אלו
those were the two implements that had remained from
the first Temple, but they became defective and could
not be mended; a. fr.
גם~ch. same. [Targ. JobXXV, 5סיהרא פגמא, v.פגמא~]- Y. Ber. IX, bbeg. 12a פגמה... דלית למרגליתit is like a jewel of inestimable value, however high a price one may set upon it, one undervalues it. Keth. 41a לה פגים קא דלא when he does not damage her (in the public esteem); a. e. -- Part. pass. פגים, פגימא; f פגימתא. Pes. 106a פ׳ כסא a defective cup of wine (not full); פ׳ חביתא a defective cas; a. e. Hhpa. איפגם, Hhpe. איפגם as preced. Nif. B. Mets. 116a דמיפגמא כיון because it is easily damaged (battered); a. e.
פגם m. (preced. wds.) 1)injury, deterioration; blemish, discredit. Tanh. Vayishl. 5 לאשה הוא פ׳ it is discreditable to a woman (to be showy). Y. B. Kam. VIII, end, 6a; Bab. ib. 93a משפחה פגם משום because it is a discredit to the entire family. Gitt.5559bראשו של פגמו משוםbbecause it might cast a refection on his predecessor (making it appear as if he were not a legitimate priest); שניהם פ משום because it refects on both of them. Sot. 41a ראשון של פגמו משום because it discredits the scroll first used (as if it had been found unffit for reading in it). Sifre Numm. פ דברי criticis- ing words, opp. שבח דברי, Yalk. Ps. 846 לשם קויה ggע וכ׳ פגמה a heathen deity is named with an opprobrious epithet, as herem, shexkets &c., opp. שבח לשם; a. fr. -- נותן לפפ טעם, v. טעם. Cant. R. to VII, 8 (in Chald. dict.) אנן וכ׳ פפ ביה נתן בעיננן we desire to discredit him (the idol), by being there and not bowing to him &c. Snh. 73b פיגמה (from פגם), v. פגימה. - ) indemnity for deterioration in value or social standing,to be paid to a seduced or outraged girl. Keth. III, 4 וקנס ופ׳ בושת נותן המפתה the seducer must pay an indemnity for exposure to shame and for loss of value, and a fine besides. Ib. 7 וכ׳ אותה רואין פ׳ as to indemnity for loss of value, we estimate her as if she were a handmaid to be sold &c. - 3) (v. פגימה) the decrease of the moon; trnsf. decline. Pesik. R. s. 15 (ref. to Ps. LXXXIX, 38) לפגמו מונין אתם . . . סיהרא כהדין like the moon; f you do good, you shall count by its fulness (by referring to your political ascendancy); if not, you shall count by its decrease (by the symptoms of decline); Pesik. Hahod., p. 53a לפגמה; v. next w.
פגמא, פיגמא ch. same, 1) blemish, discredit. Sot. c1a לפ׳ חיישינן ומי do we take into consideration that a scroll may be discredited by reading from a second one in the same service? Ib. סיפרי בתרי . . פ׳ ליכא . . תלתא פ׳ איכא when three persons read successively from three scrolls, there is no discredit, but when one person reads from two serolls, there is discredit (it has the appearance as iff the first scroll had been found defective); Yoma70a; a. e. -- 2) the decrease of the moon, wane. Targ. Job XXV, 5 וכ׳ דסיהרא דפגמא עד Ms. (ed. סיהרא דפגמא, read; דס׳) until the wane of the moon is in the east, tthe sun. ddoes not shine (simultaneously with the moon, v.פגימה). Pesik. Hahod., p. 53a; Pesik. R. s. 15 . . רחבעם מלייא על . . אברהם פיגמה על סיהרא הא Abraham, Isaac, . . . Solomon-- that is the moon in its growth to fulness; Rehoboam Zedekiah -hat is the moon on tthe wane; v. preced. -- 3) semicircular turret, v. פיגמא.
פגמין m. pl, v. פגימין.
פגן (cmp. פגע); Hif. הפגין to entreat, cry for help. B. Kam. 114b (Ar. הבגין). Taan. 18a בלילה והפגינו עמדו rise and cry by night; וכ׳ והפגינו הלכו (Ar. והב׳) they went and cried &c.
פגן ch. same. Targ. Koh. I, 12. Targ. Y. Gen. XXII, 20. Targ. Koh. IX, 17 דפגין (not דפ׳); a. e. Af. אסגין to intercede. Targ. Y. Ex. XXXII, 10.
שגן m. (paganus) villager, commoner, civilian. Y'Iamd. to Lev. V, 21, quot. in Ar. וכ׳ פ׳ פולח a soldier and a. civilian who provoked the king to anger (Tanh. Vayikra 6 פלטרין ובן קרתני). Tanh., ed. Bub., Vayera 2I; Gen. R. s. 50,. a. e., v. סגום. Num. R. s. 15; Tanh. Bhsal. 11; ed. Bub. 20 סרדיוט למחר קומוס למחר פ׳ למחר איפרכוס היום (not סגן) (under the Roman government) one is to-day a consul, to-morrow a civilian &c., v. סרדיוט; a. e. -- Pl. פגאנים, פגנים. Ex. R. s. 15 (Matt. K. 9גאנין).
פגנא ch. same. - Pl. פגניא, פגנייא. Y. Hor. III, end, 48c;
