tion, direction, section. Thus అక్షం axam the eye. Elsewhere it is sounded like చ cha. Thus సూక్ష్మమ్, సాక్షి, సాక్ష్యం sooxmam, fine sāxi, a witness and saxyam, testimony, are sounded nearly as sooch-mam, sarchee, sarch-yam. The letter x is in Spanish pronounced like sh. Thus Texiera and Xeres are sounded Tesshira and Sheres.
On the Sunna and Half Sunna.
It has already been stated that the circle or cipher ం called sunna is used as a substitute for any nasal letter. But it is wrong to place it in conjugation with న N or మ M.
Thus the words anna elder brother and tammudu younger brother should be written అన్న, తమ్ముడు Some persons write అంన తంముడు or even అంన్న, అంమ్ముడు but these modes are disapproved. In the latter, which is in general use, the N and M are needlessly tripled.
In some particular words the sunna is inserted when required by rule. Thus తమ్ముడు tammudu may become తమ్మండు tammundu. The ం thus inserted is called ఆదేశసున్న ādēsa sunna.
When sunna is followed by a consonant of the first four classes (varga) it is N; but the remaining letters (P, Ph, B, Bh, M, Y, R, L, V, S, Sh, S, H, X) sound it as M and it likewise is M whenever it stands at the end of a word. Thus the word Sanscrit సంస్కృతం is pronounced Sams-cru-tam. The words సంవాదం conversation సంయోగం juncture సంశయం doubt are in like manner pronounced sam-vadam, sam-yogam (or, sayyōgam) and sam-sa-yam.
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