necessaries of life: 2 Co. ix. 8; subjectively, a mind contented with its lot, contentment: 1 Tim. vi. 6; (Diog. Laërt. 10, 130).*
αὐτάρκης [on the accent see Chandler § 705], -ες, (αὐτός, ἀρκέω), [fr. Aeschyl. down], sufficient for one’s self, strong enough or possessing enough to need no aid or support; independent of external circumstances; often in Grk. writ. fr. [Aeschyl. and] Hdt. 1, 32 down. Subjectively, contented with one’s lot, with one’s means, though the slenderest: Phil. iv. 11, (so Sir. xl. 18; Polyb. 6, 48, 7; Diog. Laërt. 2, 24 of Socrates, αὐτάρκης καὶ σεμνός). [Cf. αὐτάρκεια.]*
αὐτο-κατά-κριτος, -ον, (αὐτός, κατακρίνω), self-condemned: Tit. iii. 11; (eccl. writ. [cf. W. § 34, 3]).*
αὐτόματος, -ον, and -η, -ον, (fr. αὐτός and μέμαα to desire eagerly, fr. obsol. theme μάω), moved by one’s own impulse, or acting without the instigation or intervention of another, (fr. Hom. down); often of the earth producing plants of itself, and of the plants themselves and fruits growing without culture; [on its adverbial use cf. W. § 54, 2]: Mk. iv. 28; (Hdt. 2, 94; 8, 138; Plat. polit. p. 272 a.; [Theophr. h. p. 2, 1]; Diod. 1, 8, etc. Lev. xxv. 5, 11). of gates opening of their own accord: Acts xii. 10, (so in Hom. Il. 5, 749; Xen. Hell. 6, 4, 7; Apoll. Rh. 4, 41; Plut. Timol. 12; Nonn. Dion. 44, 21; [Dion Cass. 44, 17]).*
αὐτόπτης, -ου, ὁ, (αὐτός, ΟΠΤΩ, seeing with one’s own eyes, an eye-witness, (cf. αὐτήκοος one who has himself heard a thing): Lk. i. 2. (In Grk. writ. fr. Hdt. down.)*
αὐτός, -ή, -ό, pron. (“derived from the particle αὖ with the added force of a demonstrative pronoun. In itself it signifies nothing more than again, applied to what has either been previously mentioned or, when the whole discourse is looked at, must necessarily be supplied.” Klotz ad Devar. ii. p. 219; [see Vaniček p. 268]). It is used by the bibl. writ. both of the O. T. and of the N. T. far more frequently than the other pronouns; and in this very frequent and almost inordinate use of it, they deviate greatly from prof. auth.; cf. B. § 127, 9 [On classic usage cf. Hermann, Opuscc. i. 308 sqq., of which dissertation a summary is given in his edition of Viger pp. 732-736.]
I. self, as used (in all persons, genders, numbers) to distinguish a person or thing from or contrast it with another, or to give him (it) emphatic prominence. 1. When used to express Opposition or Distinction, it is added a. to the subjects implied in the verb, the personal pronouns ἐγώ, ἡμεῖς, σύ, etc., being omitted: Lk. v. 37 (αὐτὸς ἐκχυθήσεται the wine, as opp. to the skins); Lk. xxii. 71 (αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἠκούσαμεν we ourselves, opp. to witnesses whose testimony could have been taken); Jn. ii. 25 (αὐτὸς ἐγίνωσκεν, opp. to testimony he might have called for); Jn. iv. 42 (we ourselves, not thou only); Jn. ix. 21 [T Tr WH om.]; Acts xviii. 15 (ὄψεσθε αὐτοί); xx. 34; xxii. 19; 1 Th. i. 9, etc.; with a negative added, ‘he does not himself do this or that,’ i. e. he leaves it to others: Lk. vi. 42 (αὐτός, viz. thou, οὐ βλέπων); Lk. xi. 46 (αὐτοί, viz. ye, οὐ προσψαυετε), 52; Jn. xviii. 28; 3 Jn. 10. With the addition of καί to indicate that a thing is ascribed to one equally with others: Lk. xiv. 12 (μήποτε καὶ αὐτοί σε ἀντικαλέσωσι); xvi. 28; Acts ii. 22 (G L T Tr WH om. καί]; Jn. iv. 45; xvii. 19, 21; Phil. ii. 24, etc. In other pass. καὶ αὐτός is added to a subject expressly mentioned, and is placed after it; and in translation may be joined to the predicate and rendered likewise: Lk. i. 36 (ἡ συγγενής σου καὶ αὐτὴ συνειληφυῖα υἱόν thy kinswoman herself also, i. e. as well as thou); Mt. xxvii. 57 (ὃς καὶ αὐτὸς ἐμαθήτευσε [L T Tr WH txt. -τεύθη] τῷ Ἰησοῦ); Lk. xxiii. 51 [R G]; Mk. xv. 43; Acts viii. 13 (ὁ δὲ Σίμων καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπίστευσε); xv. 32; xxi. 24; 1 Jn. ii. 6; Gal. ii. 17; Heb. xiii. 3. b. it is added to subjects expressed, whether to pronouns personal or demonstrative, or to nouns proper or common: Jn. iii. 28 (αὐτοὶ ὑμεῖς ye yourselves bear witness, not only have I affirmed); Acts xx. 30 (ἐξ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν from among your own selves, not only from other quarters); Ro. xv. 14 (καὶ αὐτὸς ἐγώ I of myself also, not only assured by report, cf. i. 8); 1 Co. v. 13 (ἐξ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν from your own society, opp. to them that are without, of whose character God must be the judge); 1 Co. vii. 35; xi. 13; 1 Th. iv. 9; αὐτοὶ οὗτοι, Acts xxiv. 20; αὐτοῦ τούτου (masc.), Acts xxv. 25; Ἰησοῦς αὐτός Jesus himself, personally, opp. to those who baptized by his command, Jn. iv. 2; αὐτὸς Ἰησοῦς, opp. to those who believed on him on account of his miracles, Jn. ii. 24; Jesus himself, not others only, Jn. iv. 44; αὐτ. Δαυείδ, opp. to the doctors of the law, whose decision did not seem quite to agree with the words of David, Mk. xii. 36 sq.; Lk. xx. 42; αὐτὸς ὁ Σατανᾶς, opp. to his ministers, 2 Co. xi. 14; αὐτὸς ὁ θεός, God himself, not another, Rev. xxi. 3; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐπουράνια, the heavenly things themselves [i. e. sanctuary], opp. to its copies, Heb. ix. 23 [see ἐπουράνιος, 1 c.]. c. it is used to distinguish one not only from his companions, disciples, servants,—as Mk. ii. 25 (αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετ’ αὐτοῦ); Jn. ii. 12; iv. 53; xviii. 1,—but also from things done by him or belonging to him, as Jn. vii. 4 (τὶ ποιεῖ καὶ ζητεῖ αὐτός [L Tr mrg. WH mrg. αὐτό]); 1 Co. iii. 15 (τινὸς τὸ ἔργον κατακαήσεται, αὐτὸς δὲ σωθήσεται); Lk. xxiv. 15 (αὐτὸς (ὁ) Ἰησοῦς, Jesus himself in person, opp. to their previous conversation about him). d. self to the exclusion of others, i. e. he etc. alone, by one’s self: Mk. vi. 31 (ὑμεῖς αὐτοί ye alone, unattended by any of the people; cf. Fritzsche ad loc.); Jn. xiv. 11 (διὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτά [WH mrg. αὐτοῦ]); Ro. vii. 25 (αὐτὸς ἐγώ I alone, unaided by the Spirit of Christ; cf. viii. 2); 2 Co. xii. 13 (αὐτὸς ἐγώ, unlike the other preachers of the gospel); Rev. xix. 12; cf. Herm. ad Vig. p. 733 iii.; Matth. § 467, 5; Kühner § 468 Anm. 2; [Jelf § 656, 3]; with the addition of μόνος (as often in Attic writ.): Jn. vi. 15. e. self, not prompted or influenced by another, i. e. of one’s self, of one’s own accord: Jn. xvi. 27 (so even Hom. Il. 17, 254; and among Attic writ. esp. Xen.). 2. When it gives Prominence, it answers a. to our emphatic he, she, it: Mt. i. 21 (αὐτὸς σώσει he and no other); Mt. v. 4-10 (αὐτοί); vi. 4 [R G]: xvii. 5 (αὐτοῦ ἀκούετε): Lk. vi. 35; xvii. 16; xxiv. 21; Jn. ix. 21 (αὐτὸς [T Tr WH om.] . . .
